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Qualitative analysis of direction of public hospital reforms in China

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《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 218-223 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0534-7

摘要：

Reforms in public hospitals are among the most important improvements in China’s health care system over the last two decades. However, the reforms that should be implemented in public hospitals are unclear. Thus, a feasible direction of reforms in Chinese public hospitals is suggested and reliable policy suggestions are provided for the government to reform public hospitals. The data used in this study were mainly derived from a qualitative study. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were conducted in Shanghai, Guangdong, and Gansu between May and December 2014. Government funding accounted for approximately eight percent of the total annual revenue of public hospitals in China, and the insufficient government subsidy considerably affects the operation mechanism of public hospitals. However, solely increasing this subsidy cannot address the inappropriate incentives of public hospitals in China. The most crucial step in setting the direction of reforms in public hospitals in China is transforming inappropriate incentives by implementing a new evaluation index system for directors and physicians in public hospitals.

关键词： public hospital government hospital public funding operation mechanism

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Biologically inspired model of path integration based on head direction cells and grid cells

Yang ZHOU,De-wei WU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第5期页码 435-448 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500364

摘要： Some neurons in the brain of freely moving rodents show special firing pattern. The firing of head direction cells (HDCs) and grid cells (GCs) is related to the moving direction and distance, respectively. Thus, it is considered that these cells play an important role in the rodents’ path integration. To provide a bionic approach for the vehicle to achieve path integration, we present a biologically inspired model of path integration based on the firing characteristics of HDCs and GCs. The detailed implementation process of this model is discussed. Besides, the proposed model is realized by simulation, and the path integration performance is analyzed under different conditions. Simulations validate that the proposed model is effective and stable.

关键词： Head direction cells (HDCs) Grid cells (GCs) Path integration Bionic navigation

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Digital manufacturing—the development direction of the manufacturing technology in the 21st century

XIONG You-lun, YIN Zhou-ping

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第2期页码 125-130 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0021-3

摘要： After introducing the concepts of digital manufacturing technology, the discipline framework of digital manufacturing is presented in the paper by discussing its basic concept, theory foundation, key technology and scientific problems in detail. As the core of the advanced manufacturing technology, digital manufacturing is gradually becoming the main manufacturing technology of the twenty-first century. Firstly, the main features of digital manufacturing are indicated and its key supporting technologies are investigated by grouping them into four levels related to product development, numerical control, production management, and enterprise collaboration, respectively. Moreover, the existing problems in the research on the multi-discipline theory foundation of digital manufacturing such as manufacturing informatics, computational manufacturing, and manufacturing intelligence, are also indicated. Then, the core scientific problems of digital manufacturing are discussed in depth, which focuses on digitization of manufacturing information, modeling of manufacturing constraints, high-speed and high-precision numerical control theory, and Internet-based collaboration and integration. Lastly, the development trends and application perspectives of digital manufacturing are concluded.

关键词： development foundation multi-discipline scientific supporting

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人工裂缝方向及其影响因素

赵国石,徐健,邱金平

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第4期页码 100-104

摘要：

区域应力场的应力方向是人工裂缝方向的普遍控制因素，多数人工裂缝方向沿区域最大水平主应力方向。但构造、原生裂缝、介质间断面也会影响人工裂缝方向。在蒙古国塔木查格盆地及中国黑龙江省海拉尔盆地进行了大量的压裂裂缝监测，监测结果为油田布井提供了依据。监测发现，多数人工裂缝方向沿区域最大水平主应力方向，但也出现一些异常方向的人工裂缝，异常方向人工裂缝的井通常高产。了解异常人工裂缝的形成原因，对提高压裂施工水平，应用压裂裂缝方向布井有重要意义。结合监测结果，探讨了监测区异常方向人工裂缝的形成机制，及有些人工裂缝方向异

关键词：人工裂缝方向构造原生裂缝介质间断面

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Analysis on shear capacity of prestressed concrete spatial connections

XUE Weichen, LIU Zhenyong, JIANG Dongsheng

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第4期页码 309-317 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0052-4

摘要： Based on experimental results of prestressed concrete spatial connections, nonlinear finite element models were established to analyze the shear capacity of spatial connections and parametric studies were performed using ANSYS. It is found that the shear capacity of spatial connection is influenced by joint hoop, beam prestress, column compressive load, and direction of resultant shear force. The parametric studies also indicate that the shear capacity of spatial connection under biaxial cyclic loading is lower than that of corresponding connections under plane loading. A design formula for calculating the shear capacity of spatial connections is proposed based on the parametric studies and verified by the available test results.

关键词： available direction nonlinear capacity compressive

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盾构进出洞全方位风险控制冻结加固技术

嵇彭

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第2期页码 90-95

摘要：

在含水复杂的地质条件下采用水平冻结法进行盾构进出洞施工，可以通过延长（加深）水平冻结外圈冻结深度，使冻结加固体全方位包裹并超过盾构机本体，利用外圈冻结孔的维护冻结，将盾构推进过程中形成的微小流水通道中的泥土冻结成为冻土，封闭流水通道，较为有效地防止了流水、涌砂现象的发生。利用长距离水平钻孔防喷接驳器，简单方便地解决了在已施工完毕的端头井内长距离钻孔的难题。工程实践证明，全方位风险控制冻结加固技术在复杂地质条件下盾构进出洞施工中，简单易行，安全可靠，值得推广应用。

关键词：复杂地质条件盾构进出洞全方位风险控制冻结加固

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甘肃金川铜镍（铂）硫化物矿床岩浆通道前进方向探讨

刘美玉,苏尚国,宋晨,蔡楠

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第2期页码 73-84

摘要：

综合运用地球化学手段，研究了金川铜镍（铂）硫化物矿床铂族元素的空间分布特征，并结合定量化结构分析，探讨了岩浆演化过程中的动力学作用过程，讨论了金川镁铁-超镁铁质岩浆的演化历程。研究发现，铂族元素在矿体中的空间分布呈一定规律变化。整体说来，自西向东，Pd/Ir-Ni/Cu在各矿体间呈递减趋势，分析认为造成这种规律的原因是矿石的形成经历了单硫化物固溶体（MSS）的分离结晶作用。通过岩石定量化结构分析发现，1号矿体较24号矿体岩石结构成熟度更高，分析认为1号矿体侵位时间早，后期结构调整更为充分。综合地球化学和岩浆动力学方面的信息，最终得出了金川岩浆通道系统在空间上表现为沿矿体走向自北西向南东前进的结论。

关键词：金川；Cu-Ni-（PGE）；硫化物矿床；岩浆通道成矿系统；前进方向；定量化结构分析

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我国能源技术革命形势及方向分析

饶宏, 李立浧, 郭晓斌, 许爱东, 白浩

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第3期页码 9-16 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.03.002

摘要：

能源技术革命是助推能源消费、供给、体制革命和加强国际合作的基础，是实现清洁低碳、安全高效可持续的现代能源体系的支撑，是建设创新型国家的重要内容。本文阐述了我国的能源形势与面临的挑战，以2020年、2030年、2050年三个不同发展时期作为时间节点，研究了未来的能源结构。分析总结了技术发展的共同趋势，即实现多领域能源技术协同并进。明确了技术发展方向，即实现能源技术的跨越式发展和引领，构建中国特色的能源技术创新体系。

关键词：能源技术革命能源形势能源结构技术趋势技术方向

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三维体目标间拓扑方向关系描述和推理

刘新,李成名,刘文宝

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第5期页码 8-13

摘要：

空间关系描述了地理信息系统（GIS）中实体间的位置、距离、方位、拓扑等的度量。为提高空间关系描述的惟一性和空间关系推理的准确性，将拓扑关系与方向关系集成描述，构建拓扑方向关系的描述表达模型。目标对象与参照物在X、Y、Z 3个坐标轴上投影间的Allen区间关系分别为[R1]、[R2]和[R3]，提出利用Allen区间关系对[(R1,R2,R3)]描述三维拓扑方向区域，用定义法研究拓扑方向关系定性推理，通过一些典型例子说明拓扑方向关系推理过程和结果，推理结果用组合推理表表示。

关键词：空间关系拓扑关系方向关系拓扑方向关系三维空间

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跟踪前沿探索未知——简评“负能量问题——超光速研究的重要方向”

耿天明

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第7期页码 94-94

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Bi-modes alternation stepping ultrasonic motors

JIN Jiamei, ZHAO Chunsheng

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第3卷第1期页码 101-105 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0018-1

摘要： Based on the principle of alternative operation of two bending vibration modes in an annular stator, this paper presents a standing-wave stepping ultrasonic motor characterized by no accumulative errors driven by an open-loop control circuitry. The driving forces are generated from the motions of projections on the stator in two modes. The positioning of the motor is achieved by the cooperation between the stator projections and rotor teeth, and the number of the rotors determines the stepping angle of the motor. Two-phase sinusoidal signals corresponding to the two modal frequencies drive the motor bi-direction stepping rotation via a switch unit. The prototype runs steadily without miss-step on trial. The single-step angle displacement of the motor is 2.5°.

关键词： miss-step bi-direction Two-phase sinusoidal positioning accumulative

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Conformal analysis of fundamental frequency of vibration of elastic clamped plates

QI Hongyuan, ZHU Hengjun

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第2卷第4期页码 429-432 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0073-z

摘要： To calculate the fundamental frequency of vibration of special-shaped and elastic clamped plates, the conformal mapping theory is adopted to separate the interpolating points of a complicated boundary into odd and even sequences, both of which can be mutually iterated, so that the conformal mapping function between the complicated region and the unit dish region is established. Trigonometric interpolation and convergence along the normal direction methods are provided, and the complex coefficients of the conformal mapping function are calculated. Galerkin method is used to obtain the solution of fundamental frequency in the vibrating differential function of the complicated vibrating region. Finally, taking ellipse elastic clamped plates as an example, the effects on fundamental frequency coefficient caused by eccentric ratio and area size are analyzed.

关键词： direction theory vibration odd complicated boundary

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煤岩灾害动力现象危险性预测中的定向定位研究

肖红飞,何学秋,冯涛,王恩元

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第11期页码 81-86

摘要：

为了更好地应用非接触电磁辐射方法预测预报煤岩灾害动力现象的危险性，借助于力电耦合方程计算出在天线的各个朝向电磁辐射信号的变化规律及对某一个固定监测点结果的比较，就可以确定出某一个监测点电磁辐射信号的最佳监测方向以及应力变化最大（即危险性最大）的方向；在巷道掘进过程中进行巷道迎头电磁辐射动态监测时，天线测定的位置应该放置在巷道高度方向的中部，并对着煤层层理方向，通过不断改变天线朝向来监测巷道迎头和两帮煤岩层的突出危险性；可以通过应力场数值模拟得出的应力集中区来确定有效预测距离的范围。现场电磁辐射信号测定结果表明，利用力电耦合研究煤岩灾害动力现象危险性预测中危险区域的定向定位是可行的。

关键词：煤岩动力灾害危险性预测定向定位煤岩变形破裂力电耦合电磁辐射（EME）

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图像水印框架的层级-方向分解分析 Article

M. F. KAZEMI,M. A. POURMINA,A. H. MAZINAN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第11期页码 1199-1217 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500165

摘要：本文研究新型层级-方向分解在图像水印中的应用。实现水印框架的主要步骤是生成带有水印的图像，重点用到轮廓小波嵌入表达。通过一组模拟攻击，基于峰值信噪比（peak signal-to-noise ratio）、结构相似度（structural similarity）等指标评估其性能。利用一组图像并使用不同颜色模型分析所获信息，以判断正态相关性。相应地，每当扰码模块作用于一组原始图像，用以表示无序信息，就使用逆轮廓小波嵌入表达以获取带有水印的图像。从而，我们可以通过分析一个复杂系统--其中设计了一个决策系统，使用轮廓小波嵌入表达来发现最优层级和相应方向--评估所提方法的性能。对于所得到的结果，利用恰当的层级-方向分解阐释。本文主要贡献在于，在轮廓小波嵌入表达新机制的基础上，集成一套子系统，与决策系统相配合。与现有方法相比，本文所述方法在大量重度攻击下仍然有效。利用多个基准数据集对所提方案进行了测试，结果证实方法有效。

关键词：层级-方向分解分析；水印框架；轮廓小波嵌入表达；扰码模块；模拟攻击

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聚丙烯技术进展

袁晴棠

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第9期页码 29-36

摘要：

简要回顾了聚丙烯技术近半个世纪的发展历程，概述了国内外聚丙烯技术的主要进展，对今后我国聚丙烯技术发展方向进行了初步探讨。

关键词：聚丙烯技术进展发展方向