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The Routine and Emergency Coordinated Management of Public Security

Ning Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第4期页码 331-338 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015063

摘要： The paper presents a study based on the observation of public security programme situations. Nowadays, public security management is faced with challenges such as the increase in non-traditional safety threats, high occurrence probability, obvious complex chain reactions, high security demand, vulnerable bearing systems and world-wide influences. For the new adapted requirements of public security management, this paper puts forward the concept of the coordinated routine and emergency management, which combines the routine management at normal status and the emergency management at the abnormal status based on the whole process of public security management. This paper analyzes the coordinated management system and establishes the decision-making objectives, decision-making model and constraints. In addition, this paper proposes the basic strategy of achieving the coordinated management of public security.

关键词： public security routine management emergency management coordinated management

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Research on Emergency Management System for Military Engineering Projects

Mao-guang Lin,Qian-kun Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第2期页码 154-158 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015028

摘要： Emergency management systems for military engineering projects have been established to enhance the capacities of wartime logistics and emergency logistical support. This study focuses on the combat characteristics of the warfare information system and based on analysis of emergency response for military combat systems, utilizes the concept of systematic combat and comprehensive integrated approach to investigate management of military engineering projects. Also, a basic mode for emergency management of military engineering projects based on the concept of “pre-war intelligent engineering on demand, wartime early engagement warning and monitoring, post-war emergency repair and rescue” and “strategic, comprehensive, integrated response” is proposed.

关键词： military engineering projects emergency management system

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关于推进国家应急平台建设的建议

龙彧

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第9期页码 87-90

摘要：

推进应急平台信息系统建设是加强应急管理的技术基础，是当前的一项核心任务。几年来，我国在推进国家应急平台的建设方面取得了较快的进展，但是也存在着一些问题。文章在进行综合分析的基础上，提出了如何完善国家应急平台建设的一系列建议。

关键词：应急平台应急管理突发事件系统建设

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Emergency strategies and trends in the management of liver trauma

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第3期页码 225-233 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0186-6

摘要：

The liver is the most frequently injured organ during abdominal trauma. The management of hepatic trauma has undergone a paradigm shift over the past several decades, with mandatory operation giving way to nonoperative treatment. Better understanding of the mechanisms and grade of liver injury aids in the initial assessment and establishment of a management strategy. Hemodynamically unstable patients should undergo focused abdominal sonography for trauma, whereas stable patients may undergo computed tomography, the standard examination protocol. The grade of liver injury alone does not accurately predict the need for operation, and nonoperative management is rapidly becoming popular for high-grade injuries. Hemodynamic instability with positive focused abdominal sonography for trauma and peritonitis is an indicator of the need for emergent operative intervention. The damage control concept is appropriate for the treatment of major liver injuries and is associated with significant survival advantages compared with traditional prolonged surgical techniques. Although surgical intervention for hepatic trauma is not as common now as it was in the past, current trauma surgeons should be familiar with the emergency surgical skills necessary to manage complex hepatic injuries, such as packing, Pringle maneuver, selective vessel ligation, resectional debridement, and parenchymal sutures. The present review presents emergency strategies and trends in the management of liver trauma.

关键词： liver trauma nonoperative management operative management

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Future urban transport management

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 534-539 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0255-3

摘要： The incorporation of disruptive innovations into the transportation industry will inevitably cause major upheavals in the transportation sector. However, existing research lacks systematic theories and methodologies to represent the underlying characteristics of future urban transport systems. Furthermore, emerging modes in urban mobility have not been sufficiently studied. The National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) officially approved the Basic Science Center project titled “Future Urban Transport Management” in 2022. The project members include leading scientists and engineers from Beijing Jiaotong University, Beihang University, and Beijing Transport Institute. Based on a wide range of previous projects by the consortium on urban mobility and sustainable cities, this project will encompass transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary research to explore critical issues affecting future urban traffic management. It aims to develop fundamental theories and methods based on social and technological developments in the near future and explores innovative solutions to implement alongside these emerging developments in urban mobility.

关键词： future urban transport management travel behavior characteristics transportation operations transportation emergency management transportation decision intelligence

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我国公共食品安全应急治理组织模式优化

彭思喜,张日新

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第6期页码 88-98 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.06.009

摘要：

针对公共食品安全应急治理“如何整合多元主体有效参与社会共治”的组织难题，本文在梳理我国公共食品安全应急治理组织演化与模式特征的基础上，揭示了我国公共食品安全应急治理组织症结：“条块分割”独特性造成公共食品安全应急治理的“不完备”科层制模式，从而催生和恶化了食品安全政府监管内在的“科层制困境”，引发了自身难以解决的复杂环境适应性、预案可操作性、信息传递单向性、多部门治理联动性、决策执行的制度依赖性等组织问题。基于我国公共食品安全应急治理组织的优化逻辑，本文提出了基于“三制融合”的公共食品安全应急治理组织模式，从组织结构、预案机制、信息机制、决策机制、支撑机制等方面探究了其运行机制。“三制融合”是我国公共食品安全应急治理组织模式的演化方向，将在推进多元社会主体有效参与和食品安全社会共治方面发挥积极作用。

关键词：公共食品安全；应急治理；组织模式；三制融合

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舟曲白龙江堰塞排险与应急疏通减灾工程管理认知

刘宁

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第1期页码 25-30

摘要：

介绍了舟曲白龙江堰塞排险与应急疏通工程的基本情况，叙述了方案编制和完善以及实施组织过程中的关键环节和实际考虑等，从目标决策及系统性、动态性等方面阐明了减灾工程管理在应对自然灾害、抢险救援中的重要意义和作用，对进一步提高科学减灾能力进行了探讨。

关键词：舟曲泥石流堰塞湖排险应急疏通减灾工程管理

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应急管理体系数字化转型的技术框架和政策路径

张伟东,高智杰,王超贤

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第4期页码 107-116 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.04.013

摘要：

伴随新一代信息技术创新步伐加快，经济社会呈现数字化转型的重要新特征，作为经济社会重要组成部分和国家治理能力集中体现的应急管理体系的数字化转型摆上日程。本文遵循技术产业变革的客观规律，基于技术经济管理的理论范式，力图刻画现代应急管理体系的典型特征，构建应急管理体系数字化转型技术体系，提出推动应急管理体系数字化转型的政策路径。研究表明，当前数字化转型技术体系和技术能力日益完善，应急管理体系数字化转型需求迫切，面临构建涵盖技术、平台和管理3个层面的应急管理数字化转型技术体系，并兼顾推动物理世界和社会系统、平台支撑和管理决策、技术创新和融合应用平衡发展的重要任务。为此建议，在后续应急管理政策设计和“十四五”规划推进的过程中，强化应急管理基础设施数字化升级，夯实应急管理的数字化平台基础，加强数字技术在应急管理实践中的融合应用，推动应急管理体系数字化转型迈向更高发展水平。

关键词：应急管理体系，数字化转型，技术体系，融合应用

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“7·23”旅客列车事故的重要启示

孙永福

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第12期页码 4-9

摘要：

阐述了“7·23”旅客列车事故发生经过并进行了原因分析，从工程管理视角研究提出了4点重要启示：强化铁路新产品研发管理，完善铁路新产品准入管理，提高铁路运输应急处置能力和科学有序地推动铁路建设。

关键词：旅客列车事故研发管理准入管理应急处置铁路建设管理

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唐家山堰塞湖应急处置与减灾管理工程

刘宁

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第12期页码 67-72

摘要：

简要介绍了唐家山堰塞湖应急处置的有关情况，归纳了堰塞湖处置的一般性认识，从减灾风险管理及其风险决策出发，探讨了减灾管理工程的内涵和应用，分析了唐家山堰塞湖处置成功对丰富和发展减灾管理理论和实践所具有的重要意义，并针对减灾管理得出了几点结论。

关键词：唐家山堰塞湖风险管理风险决策

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冰灾对江西电网的灾害分析和电网应急平台体系建设

朱友梁,梁文,杨济海,陶振文,马勇,刘显明

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第3期页码 61-67

摘要：

回顾2009年全国大面积雪灾对江西省电网造成的巨大损失，分析了灾害的成因，并重点提出了电网应急管理平台建设的具体技术思路。

关键词：电网冰灾应急

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新冠病毒肺炎疫情防控应急工程管理的伦理反思

方东平, 李文琪, 张恒力, 刘合

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第10期页码 1070-1072 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.014

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Risk warning technologies and emergency response mechanisms in Sichuan–Tibet Railway construction

Liujiang KANG, Hao LI, Cong LI, Na XIAO, Huijun SUN, Nsabimana BUHIGIRO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》页码 582-594 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0151-7

摘要： Safety is one of the most critical themes in any large-scale railway construction project. Recognizing the importance of safety in railway engineering, practitioners and researchers have proposed various standards and procedures to ensure safety in construction activities. In this study, we first review four critical research areas of risk warning technologies and emergency response mechanisms in railway construction, namely, (i) risk identification methods of large-scale railway construction projects, (ii) risk management of large-scale railway construction, (iii) emergency response planning and management, and (iv) emergency response and rescue mechanisms. After reviewing the existing studies, we present four corresponding research areas and recommendations on the Sichuan–Tibet Railway construction. This study aims to inject new significant theoretical elements into the decision-making process and construction of this railway project in China.

关键词： railway construction risk warning technologies emergency response mechanisms Sichuan–Tibet Railway

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Clinical decision-making by the emergency department resident physicians for critically ill patients

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第1期页码 89-93 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0183-9

摘要：

The application of main methodologies for clinical decision-making by residents in emergency medical practice was assessed, and issues in this area were investigated. The treatments provided to 2 611 critical patients by the Peking Union Medical College Hospital of were analyzed by independent investigators who evaluated the main clinical decision-making processes applied by the hospital residents. The application of decision-making strategies by PG1 and PG3 groups, which means the residents in first year and the third year, were compared. The patients were treated according to pattern recognition (43.0%), hypothetico-deductive reasoning (23.4%), event-driven models (19.3%), and rule-using algorithms (5.9%). A significant difference was found between PG1 and PG3 groups (χ²=498.01, P<0.001). Pattern recognition and hypothetic-deductive methods were the most common techniques applied by emergency physicians in evaluating critically ill patients. The decision-making processes applied by junior and senior residents were significantly different, although neither group adequately applied rule-using algorithms. Inclusion of clinical decision-making in medical curricula is needed to improve decision-making in critical care.

关键词： clinical decision-making emergency medicine critically ill patient resident methodology

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Multi-stage emergency medicine logistics system optimization based on survival probability

Ke WANG, Yixin LIANG, Lindu ZHAO

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第2期页码 221-228 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017020

摘要： Using sudden cardiac deaths as an example and maximizing survival rate as the goal, this paper studies the influence of multi-stage medical logistics system optimization on the survival rate of sudden illness. A distribution model of survival is built, drone and ambulance arrival probability over time are discussed, a formula is proposed for maximum possible survival rate based on the probability of emergency medical logistics reaching the patient, and the results are analyzed using empirical data fitting distribution and numerical experiments performed with the model. The model is discussed as a reference point for management decision making by changing model parameters. Results show that compared to using current ambulance vehicles, ambulance drones delivering medical equipment for first aid on-site in emergencies can significantly increase survival rate, and the effect of collaborative multi-stage logistics optimization is better than that of any single stage logistics response optimization. Simulation results show that the medical rescue logistics service radius, speed, loading capacity and performance of ambulance drones impact the probability of survival, and there is an optimal service radius depending on the shape of probability distribution, which provides new information for management decisions.

关键词： emergency medicine logistics ambulance drone survival probability critical illness