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Microstructural and photocatalytic characterization of cement-paste sol-gel synthesized titanium dioxide

Elena CERRO-PRADA,Miguel MANSO,Vicente TORRES,Jesús SORIANO

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 189-197 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0326-6

摘要： A route for the in paste synthesis of TiO loaded cement is described. TiO sols are blended with fresh cement paste as an alternative process to add photocatalytic functionality to cement. The modification of cement paste structure after the addition of TiO sols is analyzed by XRD, SEM and TGA. As a particular microstructural feature, TiO containing calcium silicate hydrate (C-H-S) particles are identified as networking centers of a C-S-H gel fiber matrix. The increase of the TiO sol concentration induces a decrease of pore size and an increase in the specific surface area in the cement composites. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO /cement system is evaluated from the degradation of Methylene Blue (MB) under UV irradiation, monitored through the absorbance at 665 nm. The results show that, although TiO phases reveal no long range order structure, the cement paste exothermal treatment in presence of hydrate products and alkaline conditions leads to a photocatalytic composite. Such new cement matrix may be twofold advantageous since it additionally promotes the formation of C-S-H gel, main determinant of cement mechanical properties.

关键词： cement composites     photocatalytic TiO2     sol-gel     C-S-H gel     microstructure    

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WO3 nanomaterials synthesized via a sol-gel method and calcination for use as a CO gas sensor

Diah SUSANTI,A.A. Gede Pradnyana DIPUTRA,Lucky TANANTA,Hariyati PURWANINGSIH,George Endri KUSUMA,Chenhao WANG,Shaoju SHIH,Yingsheng HUANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 179-187 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1431-0

摘要： Carbon monoxide is a poisonous and hazardous gas and sensitive sensor devices are needed to prevent humans from being poisoned by this gas. A CO gas sensor has been prepared from WO synthesized by a sol-gel method. The sensor chip was prepared by a spin-coating technique which deposited a thin film of WO on an alumina substrate. The chip samples were then calcined at 300, 400, 500 or 600 °C for 1 h. The sensitivities of the different sensor chips for CO gas were determined by comparing the changes in electrical resistance in the absence and presence of 50 ppm of CO gas at 200 °C. The WO calcined at 500 °C had the highest sensitivity. The sensitivity of this sensor was also measured at CO concentrations of 100 ppm and 200 ppm and at operating temperatures of 30 and 100 °C. Thermogravimetric analysis of the WO calcined at 500 °C indicated that this sample had the highest gas adsorption capacity. This preliminary research has shown that WO can serve as a CO gas sensor and that is should be further explored and developed.

关键词： WO3 nanomaterial     sol-gel     calcinations     CO gas sensor     sensitivity    

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溶胶-凝胶原位生长制备超疏水木材

梁金,吴义强,刘明

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第4期   页码 87-91

摘要：

采用溶胶-凝胶原位生长的方法制备超疏水木材，在木材表面形成一层纳米结构超疏水薄膜，水滴在木材表面接触角达到150.6°。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）分别对超疏水木材样品的物相组成、表面形貌及表面化学官能团进行检测，分析表明木材的超疏水性是表面纳米级突起粗糙结构和乙烯基疏水基团共同作用的结果。

关键词： 木材     超疏水     溶胶-凝胶     纳米    

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Preparation of P

Wenjiang LI, Fei XIE, Dongxu HUA, Chunli ZHANG, Chen DAI, Zhenyun YU, Meizhou QI, Shaojun YU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 314-317 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0573-y

摘要： Silica hollow microspheres containing phosphorous have been prepared by a sol-gel/emulsion method which uses tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the precursor for the SiO and phosphoric acid (H PO ) as the precursor for P O . The hollow structure forms an emulsion system which is composed of an oil phase (kerosene, sorbitan monooleate (Span 80)) and an aqueous phase (a viscous sol solution of ethanol, TEOS and H PO ). Some of the phosphorous remains in the final silica shell structure even after calcination at 650°C. The hollow structure of the P O -SiO (silicophosphate) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

关键词： P2O5-SiO2     hollow microspheres     sol-gel/emulsion     phosphoric acid    

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Comparison of the morphology and structure of WO

Diah Susanti, Stefanus Haryo N, Hasnan Nisfu, Eko Prasetio Nugroho, Hariyati Purwaningsih, George Endri Kusuma, Shao-Ju Shih

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 371-380 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1215-3

摘要： Tungsten (VI) oxide (WO ) nanomaterials were synthesized by a sol-gel method using WCl and C H OH as precursors followed by calcination or hydrothermal treatment. X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were used to characterize the structure and morphology of the materials. There were significant differences between the WO materials that were calcinated and those that were subjected to a hydrothermal process. The XRD results revealed that calcination temperatures of 300°C and 400°C gave hexagonal structures and temperatures of 500°C and 600°C gave monoclinic structures. The SEM images showed that an increase in calcination temperature led to a decrease in the WO powder particle size. The TEM analysis showed that several nanoparticles agglomerated to form bigger clusters. The hydrothermal process produced hexagonal structures for holding times of 12, 16, and 20 h and monoclinic structures for a holding time of 24 h. The SEM results showed transparent rectangular particles which according to the TEM results originated from the aggregation of several nanotubes.

关键词： WO3 nanomaterial     sol-gel method     calcination     hydrothermal    

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Magnetic-porous microspheres with synergistic catalytic activity of small-sized gold nanoparticles and titania matrix

Kadriye Özlem Hamaloğlu, Ebru Sağ, Çiğdem Kip, Erhan Şenlik, Berna Saraçoğlu Kaya, Ali Tuncel

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 574-585 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1799-y

摘要： Fe O nanoparticles immobilized on porous titania in micron-size range were decorated with small-sized gold nanoparticles and used as a plasmonic catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Monodisperse-porous magnetic titania microspheres were synthesized with bimodal pore-size distribution by the sol-gel templating method. Small-sized gold nanoparticles obtained by the Martin method were attached onto the aminated form of the magnetic titania microspheres. A significant enhancement in the catalytic activity was observed using the gold nanoparticle-decorated magnetic titania microspheres compared to gold nanoparticle-decorated magnetic silica microspheres because of the synergistic effect between small-sized gold nanoparticles and titania. The synergistic effect for gold nanoparticle-attached magnetic titania microspheres could be explained by surface plasmon resonance-induced transfer of hot electrons from gold nanoparticles to the conduction band of titania. Using the proposed catalyst, 4-nitrophenol could be converted to 4-aminophenol in an aqueous solution within 0.5 min. The 4-nitrophenol reduction rates were 2.5–79.3 times higher than those obtained with similar plasmonic catalysts. The selection of micron-size, magnetic, and porous titania microspheres as a support material for the immobilization of small-sized gold nanoparticles provided a recoverable plasmonic catalyst with high reduction ability.

关键词： small-sized gold nanoparticles     magnetic titania microspheres     sol-gel template synthesis     plasmonic catalysis     4-nitrophenol    

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Solar photocatalytic decomposition of two azo dyes on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/TiO 2 composites

Huilong WANG, Shuqin LIU, Hui WANG, Wenfeng JIANG,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 311-320 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0237-7

摘要： Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/TiO composite photocatalysts with high photoactivity were prepared by sol-gel process and further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and UV-vis absorption spectra. Compared to pure TiO, the combination of MWCNTs with titania could cause a significant absorption shift toward the visible region. The photocatalytic performances of the MWCNTs/TiO composite catalysts were evaluated for the decomposition of Reactive light yellow K-6G (K-6G) and Mordant black 7 (MB 7) azo dyes solution under solar light irradiation. The results showed that the addition of MWCNTs enhanced the adsorption and photocatalytic activity of TiO for the degradation of azo dyes K-6G and MB 7. The effect of MWCNTs content, catalyst dosage, pH, and initial dye concentration were examined as operational parameters. The kinetics of photocatalytic degradation of two dyes was found to follow a pseudo-first-order rate law. The photocatalyst was used for seven cycles with photocatalytic degradation efficiency still higher than 98%. A plausible mechanism is also proposed and discussed on the basis of experimental results.

关键词： sol-gel     multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/TiO2 composite     photocatalysis     azo dye     solar irradiation    

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Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe

Nadir Abbas, Godlisten N. Shao, Syed M. Imran, Muhammad S. Haider, Hee Taik Kim

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 405-416 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1579-x

摘要： A sol-gel technique has been developed for the synthesis of a magnetite-silica-titania (Fe O -SiO -TiO ) tertiary nanocomposite with improved photocatalytic properties based on the use of inexpensive titania and silica precursors. The exceptional photocatalytic activity of the resulting materials was demonstrated by using them to photocatalyze the degradation of methylene blue solution. The best formulation achieved 98% methylene blue degradation. An interesting feature of the present work was the ability to magnetically separate and reuse the catalyst. The efficiency of the catalyst remained high during two reuses. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. XRD analysis revealed the formation of multicrystalline systems of cubic magnetite and anatase titania crystals. SEM and TEM characterization revealed well-developed and homogeneously dispersed particles of size less than 15 nm. FTIR spectra confirmed the chemical interaction of titania and silica. It was further noticed that the optical properties of the prepared materials were dependent on the relative contents of their constituent metal oxides.

关键词： sol-gel     photocatalysis     magnetic recovery     TiO2     Fe3O4     SiO2    

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乳化炸药结构与稳定性关系的研究

汪旭光,申英锋

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第2期   页码 24-29

摘要：

文章从结构角度出发，系统分析了乳化炸药乳胶体稳定性的各个因素，并得出了零渗透压体系在结构上最为稳定的结论。实验测定表明，几种较稳定的乳胶配方均接近为零渗透压体系。

关键词： 乳化炸药     结构     稳定性    

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Visual chiral recognition of 1,1′-binaphthol through enantioselective collapse of gel based on an amphiphilic

Xuhong Zhang, Haimiao Li, Xin Zhang, Meng An, Weiwei Fang, Haitao Yu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 231-237 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1633-3

摘要： A novel gelator that contained both Schiff base and L-lysine moieties was synthesized and its gelation behavior was tested. This gelator can form gels in various organic solvents. The resulting gel can be applied as a fascinating platform for visual recognition of enantiomeric 1-(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)naphthalen-2-ol (BINOL) through selective gel collapse. In addition, the mechanism for the reaction of the gel with chiral BINOL was investigated by scanning electron microscope and H nuclear magnetic resonance.

关键词： gelator     Schiff base     chiral recognition     gel formation     gel collapse    

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Importance of emulsions in crystallization—applications for fat crystallization

Sandra PETERSEN, K. CHALEEPA, Joachim ULRICH

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 43-48 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1309-6

摘要： Emulsions and crystallization are two independent research topics which normally do not overlap although a combination of the two could be applicable to many areas. Here, the importance of emulsions in the field of fat crystallization is described. Three applications with industrial relevance were chosen for investigation: fat fractionation, the solidification of phase change materials and solid lipid nanoparticles. For fat fractionation and phase change materials, emulsification can be applied as a tool to improve the fat crystallization process, and thus the product quality of the crystallized fat. Furthermore, the use of emulsification creates new application fields such as solid lipid nanoparticles in the area of fat crystallization.

关键词： emulsion     fat crystallization     phase change material     emulsion fractionation     emulsion solidification    

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Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operating on different water in diesel emulsion

Seyed Saeed HOSEINI, Mohammad Amin SOBATI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 636-657 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0646-7

摘要： The nitrogen oxide (NO ) release of diesel engines can be reduced using water in diesel emulsion fuel without any engine modification. In the present paper, different formulations of water in diesel emulsion fuels were prepared by ultrasonic irradiation. The water droplet size in the emulsion, polydisperisty index, and the stability of prepared fuel was examined, experimentally. Afterwards, the performance characteristics and exhaust emission of a single cylinder air-cooled diesel engine were investigated using different water in diesel emulsion fuels. The effect of water content (in the range of 5%–10% by volume), surfactant content (in the range of 0.5%–2% by volume), and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) (in the range of 5–8) was examined using Box-Behnken design (BBD) as a subset of response surface methodology (RSM). Considering multi-objective optimization, the best formulation for the emulsion fuel was found to be 5% water, 2% surfactant, and HLB of 6.8. A comparison was made between the best emulsion fuel and the neat diesel fuel for engine performance and emission characteristics. A considerable decrease in the nitrogen oxide emission (–18.24%) was observed for the best emulsion fuel compared to neat diesel fuel.

关键词： water in diesel emulsion fuel     hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB)     response surface methodology (RSM)     emulsion stability     engine performance     exhaust emission    

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Optimising the oil phases of aluminium hydrogel-stabilised emulsions for stable, safe and efficient vaccine adjuvant

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 973-984 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2123-1

摘要： To increase antibody secretion and dose sparing, squalene-in-water aluminium hydrogel (alum)-stabilised emulsions (ASEs) have been developed, which offer increased surface areas and cellular interactions for higher antigen loading and enhanced immune responses. Nevertheless, the squalene (oil) in previous attempts suffered from limited oxidation resistance, thus, safety and stability were compromised. From a clinical translational perspective, it is imperative to screen the optimal oils for enhanced emulsion adjuvants. Here, because of the varying oleic to linoleic acid ratio, soybean oil, peanut oil, and olive oil were utilised as oil phases in the preparation of aluminium hydrogel-stabilised squalene-in-water emulsions, which were then screened for their stability and immunogenicity. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms of oil phases and emulsion stability were unravelled, which showed that a higher oleic to linoleic acid ratio increased anti-oxidative capabilities but reduced the long-term storage stability owing to the relatively low zeta potential of the prepared droplets. As a result, compared with squalene-in-water ASEs, soybean-in-water ASEs exhibited comparable immune responses and enhanced stability. By optimising the oil phase of the emulsion adjuvants, this work may offer an alternative strategy for safe, stable, and effective emulsion adjuvants.

关键词： pickering emulsion     vaccine adjuvant     alum-stabilised emulsion     oleic to linoleic acid ratio     stability    

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表面张力作用下柱形胶体的弹性失稳

黄殿武,乔玲,汪时机

《中国工程科学》 2007年 第9卷 第4期   页码 50-54

摘要：

采用弹性理论研究了圆柱形胶体在表面张力作用下的弹性失稳问题；利用能量泛函变分的方法导出 了发生弹性失稳的非经典边界条件，得到了失稳的判据方程。分析判据方程发现，弹性失稳与圆柱体的半径、 内禀尺度和失稳波长相关。

关键词： 柱形胶体     弹性失稳     内禀尺度     表面效应    

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A small-scale silica gel-water adsorption system for domestic air conditioning and water heating by the

Y. YU, Q. W. PAN, L. W. WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 328-336 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0623-1

摘要： A small-scale silica gel-water adsorption system with modular adsorber, which utilizes solar energy to achieve the cogeneration of domestic air conditioning and water heating effect, is proposed and investigated in this paper. A heat recovery process between two adsorbers and a mass recovery process between two evaporators are adopted to improve the overall cooling and heating performance. First, the adsorption system is tested under different modes (different mass recovery, heat recovery, and cogeneration time) to determine the optimal operating conditions. Then, the cogeneration performance of domestic cooling and water heating effect is studied at different heat transfer fluid temperatures. The results show that the optimal time for cogeneration, mass recovery, and heat recovery are 600 s, 40 s, and 40 s, respectively. When the inlet temperature of hot water is around 85°C, the largest cooling power and heating power are 8.25 kW and 21.94 kW, respectively. Under the condition of cooling water temperature of 35°C, the obtained maximum COP , COP , and SCP of the system are 0.59, 1.39, and 184.5 W/kg, respectively.

关键词： silica gel-water     heat and mass recovery     solar energy     domestic cooling and heating    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Microstructural and photocatalytic characterization of cement-paste sol-gel synthesized titanium dioxide

Elena CERRO-PRADA,Miguel MANSO,Vicente TORRES,Jesús SORIANO

期刊论文

WO3 nanomaterials synthesized via a sol-gel method and calcination for use as a CO gas sensor

Diah SUSANTI,A.A. Gede Pradnyana DIPUTRA,Lucky TANANTA,Hariyati PURWANINGSIH,George Endri KUSUMA,Chenhao WANG,Shaoju SHIH,Yingsheng HUANG

期刊论文

溶胶-凝胶原位生长制备超疏水木材

梁金,吴义强,刘明

期刊论文

Preparation of P

Wenjiang LI, Fei XIE, Dongxu HUA, Chunli ZHANG, Chen DAI, Zhenyun YU, Meizhou QI, Shaojun YU

期刊论文

Comparison of the morphology and structure of WO

Diah Susanti, Stefanus Haryo N, Hasnan Nisfu, Eko Prasetio Nugroho, Hariyati Purwaningsih, George Endri Kusuma, Shao-Ju Shih

期刊论文

Magnetic-porous microspheres with synergistic catalytic activity of small-sized gold nanoparticles and titania matrix

Kadriye Özlem Hamaloğlu, Ebru Sağ, Çiğdem Kip, Erhan Şenlik, Berna Saraçoğlu Kaya, Ali Tuncel

期刊论文

Solar photocatalytic decomposition of two azo dyes on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/TiO 2 composites

Huilong WANG, Shuqin LIU, Hui WANG, Wenfeng JIANG,

期刊论文

Inexpensive synthesis of a high-performance Fe

Nadir Abbas, Godlisten N. Shao, Syed M. Imran, Muhammad S. Haider, Hee Taik Kim

期刊论文

乳化炸药结构与稳定性关系的研究

汪旭光,申英锋

期刊论文

Visual chiral recognition of 1,1′-binaphthol through enantioselective collapse of gel based on an amphiphilic

Xuhong Zhang, Haimiao Li, Xin Zhang, Meng An, Weiwei Fang, Haitao Yu

期刊论文

Importance of emulsions in crystallization—applications for fat crystallization

Sandra PETERSEN, K. CHALEEPA, Joachim ULRICH

期刊论文

Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operating on different water in diesel emulsion

Seyed Saeed HOSEINI, Mohammad Amin SOBATI

期刊论文

Optimising the oil phases of aluminium hydrogel-stabilised emulsions for stable, safe and efficient vaccine adjuvant

期刊论文

表面张力作用下柱形胶体的弹性失稳

黄殿武,乔玲,汪时机

期刊论文

A small-scale silica gel-water adsorption system for domestic air conditioning and water heating by the

Y. YU, Q. W. PAN, L. W. WANG

期刊论文