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废弃塑料和废弃胎胶的增值综合回收及其在路面工程中的可持续性实践 Article

徐雄, 冷真, 兰景婷, 王伟, 虞将苗, 白雅伟, Anand Sreerama, 胡静

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第6期页码 857-867 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.08.020

摘要：

废弃聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）饮料瓶等废弃塑料和废弃橡胶轮胎为主要的城市固体废弃物，如不进行合理回收，可能会引发各种环境问题。通过采用三乙烯四胺（TETA）和乙醇胺（EA）对废弃PET进行处理，分析废弃PET经处理获得添加剂的回收机理，同时表征这两种添加剂在改性橡胶沥青过程中的表现。鉴于此，本文采用红外光谱和热分析法对PET添加剂（PET-TETA和PET-EA）进行了研究，进而通过红外光谱、黏度、动态剪切流变和多次应力蠕变恢复等试验对这两种PET添加剂改性的橡胶沥青进行了分析。结果表明：通过化学处理后，废弃PET可被增值回收为功能性添加剂，以提高橡胶沥青的整体性能。本研究所开发的回收方法不仅有助于缓解废弃PET塑料和废弃轮胎的填埋问题，而且可将这些废弃物转变为耐久性路面建设的高附加值新材料。

关键词：废弃PET 废弃轮胎橡胶橡胶沥青回收机理可持续性

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局部高空间分辨率的应用适应性PET系统设计初探

刘晶晶,谢庆国

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第10期页码 105-112

摘要：

研制成本可负担的高空间分辨率正电子发射断层成像（positron emission tomography，PET）系统在PET成像应用中具有决定性的意义，也是PET成像面临的关键性挑战之一。设想一种PET系统，能够根据应用的需求对不同性能的探测器进行布局，在一个具体时刻，对部分成像区域获得很高的性能，而在其他的区域获得普通性能。提出了一种应用适应性PET系统原型，由大部分普通固有空间分辨率的探测模块和少量更高甚至极端高固有空间分辨率的探测模块组成。研究了在含有连续放置的一段高固有空间分辨率探测模块的PET系统中，高性能模块的布局位置和数量对视场内不同位置点的空间分辨率的影响。

关键词：正电子发射断层成像应用适应性PET系统感兴趣区域局部空间分辨率不同性能探测模块

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通过蛋白质工程提高聚酯水解酶对PET 塑料的降解效率 Article

马渊, 姚明东, 李炳志, 丁明珠, 何博, 陈思, 周晓, 元英进

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第6期页码 888-893 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.09.007

摘要：

来自Ideonella sakaiensis 的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯水解酶（PETase）在室温下具有很强的降解聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）的能力，因此被认为是解决聚酯塑料污染问题的潜在工具在本研究中，基于PETase 和底物2PET 结合时的相互作用模型，分析了PETase 与底物2PET 之间的相互作用，从而对底物结合沟壑周围的六个关键残基进行改造。

关键词：聚酯酶 PET降解无细胞蛋白质合成聚酯 PET酶

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F-FDG-PET glucose hypometabolism pattern in patients with epileptogenic hypothalamic hamartoma

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第6期页码 913-921 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0874-1

摘要： Epileptogenic hypothalamic hamartoma is characterized by intractable gelastic seizures. A systematic analysis of the overall brain metabolic pattern in patients with hypothalamic hamartoma (HH) could facilitate the understanding of the epileptic brain network and the associated brain damage effects of HH. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 27 patients with epileptogenic HH (8 female patients; age, 2–33 years) by using ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. The correlations among tomography result, seizure type, sex, and structural magnetic resonance imaging were assessed. Whole metabolic patterns and voxel-based morphometry findings were assessed by group analysis with healthy controls. Assessment of the whole metabolic pattern in patients with HH revealed several regional metabolic reductions in the cerebrum and an overall metabolic reduction in the cerebellum. In addition, areas showing hypometabolism in the neocortex were more widely distributed ipsilaterally than contralaterally to the HH. Reductions in glucose metabolism and gray matter volume in the neocortex were predominant ipsilateral to the HH. In conclusion, the glucose hypometabolism pattern in patients with epileptogenic HH involved the neocortex, subcortical regions, and cerebellum. The characteristics of glucose hypometabolism differed across seizure type and sex. Reductions in glucose metabolism and structural changes may be based on different mechanisms, but both are likely to occur ipsilateral to the HH in the neocortex. We hypothesized that the dentato-rubro-thalamic tract and cerebro-ponto-cerebellar tract, which are responsible for intercommunication between the cerebral cortex, subcortical regions, and cerebellar regions, may be involved in a pathway related to seizure propagation, particularly gelastic seizures, in patients with HH.

关键词： hypothalamic hamartoma gelastic seizure fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography voxel-based morphometry

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4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomalcellular imaging agents: The effect of substituent patterns on PET directional quenching

Miguel Martínez-Calvo, Sandra A. Bright, Emma B. Veale, Adam F. Henwood, D. Clive Williams, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第1期页码 61-75 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1862-8

摘要： Four new fluorescent sensors ( - ) based on the 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide fluorophores ( ) have been synthesized based on the classical fluorophore-spacer-receptor model. These four compounds all gave rise to emission bands centred at 535 nm, which were found to be highly pH dependent, the emission being ‘switched on’ in acidic media, while being quenched due to PET from the amino moieties to the excited state of the at more alkaline pH. The luminescent pH dependence for these probes was found to be highly dependent on the substitution on the imide site, as well as the polyamine chain attached to the position 4-amino moiety. In the case of sensor the presence of the 4-amino-aniline dominated the pH dependent quenching. Nevertheless, at higher pH, PET quenching was also found to occur from the polyamine site. Hence, is better described as a receptor -spacer -fluorophore-spacer -receptor system, where the dominant PET process is due to (normally less favourable) ‘directional’ PET quenching from the 4-amino-aniline unit to the site. Similar trends and pH fluorescence dependences were also seen for and . These compounds were also tested for their imaging potential and toxicity against HeLa cells (using DRAQ5 as nuclear stain which does now show pH dependent changes in acidic and neutral pH) and the results demonstrated that these compounds have reduced cellular viability at moderately high concentrations (with IC values between ca. 8‒30 µmol∙L ), but were found to be suitable for intracellular pH determination at 1 µmol∙L concentrations, where no real toxicity was observed. This allowed us to employ these as lysosomal probes at sub-toxic concentrations, where the based emission was found to be pH depended, mirroring that seen in aqueous solution for , with the main fluorescence changes occurring within acidic to neutral pH.

关键词： sensors pH photoinduced electron transfer cellular imaging confocal microscopy

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Solubility of CO in solid-state PET measured by pressure-decay method

CHEN Miaocan, ZHAO Ling, LIU Tao, WU Jiangwei, YUAN Weikang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第2期页码 214-219 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0040-1

摘要： The solubility of CO in solid-state PET was measured using a pressure-decay method. In order to calculate the solubility of CO in the amorphous region of PET, the crystallinity of solid state PET dissolved in CO at different pressures and temperatures was measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The solubility increases with increasing pressure and it follows a linear relationship and obeys Henry’s law when the pressure is below 8 MPa. The effect of temperature on solubility is weak and the solubilities at different temperatures are almost the same under low pressures. At higher pressure, the solubility decreases with an increase in temperature. The solubility of CO in the amorphous region of PET at 373.15 K, 398.15 K and 423.15 K was correlated with the Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state with a maximal correlation error of 6.69%.

关键词： Sanchez-Lacombe equation solid-state PET different relationship calorimetry

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Laser sintering of Cu nanoparticles on PET polymer substrate for printed electronics at different wavelengths

Juan Carlos HERNANDEZ-CASTANEDA, Boon Keng LOK, Hongyu ZHENG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第15卷第2期页码 303-318 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0562-x

摘要： This study explores the feasibility of different laser systems to sinter screen-printed lines from nonconductive copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) on polyethylene terephthalate polymer film. These materials are commonly used in manufacturing functional printed electronics for large-area applications. Here, optical and thermal characterization of the materials is conducted to identify suitable laser sources and process conditions. Direct diode (808 nm), Nd:YAG (1064 nm and second harmonic of 532 nm), and ytterbium fiber (1070 nm) lasers are explored. Optimal parameters for sintering the Cu NPs are identified for each laser system, which targets low resistivity and high processing speed. Finally, the quality of the sintered tracks is quantified, and the laser sintering mechanisms observed under different wavelengths are analyzed. Practical considerations are discussed to improve the laser sintering process of Cu NPs.

关键词： laser sintering copper nanoparticles printed electronics

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城市固体废弃物气化的热力学分析 Article

徐鹏程, 金涌, 程易

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第3期页码 416-422 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.004

摘要：

本文的目的是用热力学分析方法来研究城市固体废弃物的气化特性。该热力学分析方法假设气化反应均达到热力学平衡条件，而不考虑反应器和过程特点。首先，我们选取了7 种城市固体废弃物( 包括厨余垃圾、木材、纸张、纺织品、橡胶、无氯塑料和聚氯乙烯)，作为水蒸气气化过程的原料，水蒸气温度为973~2273 K，水气比为1~5。7 种城市固体废弃物之间的不同主要是由它们的组成不同引起的。接下来，我们用该热力学平衡模型对实际城市固体废弃物的气化进行了分析。研究发现，由于无机物主要影响反应器温度，因此可以将城市固体废弃物中的无机物当作 SiO₂ 或者 Al₂O₃ 进行简化处理。我们采用水蒸气、氢气和空气作为气化介质，详细考察了其气体产物的组成，以便根据需要选取处理城市固体废弃物的气化介质。

关键词：气化废弃物处理城市固体废弃物热力学分析气化介质

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Erratum to: On secondary new particle formation in China

Markku KULMAMA,Tuukka Petäjä,Veli-Matti KERMINEN,Joni KUJANSUU,Taina RUUSKANEN,Aijun DING,Wei NIE,Min

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第10卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0857-7

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我国电子废弃物处理处置技术路线选择研究

阎利,刘应宗,王靖

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第5期页码 79-83

摘要：

我国电子废弃物的处理处置正向产业化方向稳步推进。概述了国内外电子废弃物处理处置技术现状。遵照循环经济理念，基于我国国情，提出了我国在电子废弃物处理处置技术路线选择中应遵循的主要原则，建立了工艺流程的概念模型。分析了我国在实施该技术路线中可能遇到的障碍并给出了解决建议。

关键词：电子废弃物处理与处置技术路线工艺流程循环经济

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Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute myeloid leukemia with masses and osteolytic lesions: finding of 18F-FDG PET

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第3期页码 440-444 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0523-x

摘要：

Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute myeloid leukemia is controversial and difficult to distinguish from the blast phase of chronic myeloid leukemia. As a myeloid neoplasm, rare cases of this leukemia manifest multiple soft-tissue tumors or bone lytic lesions. In this paper, we describe a 49-year-old male patient who had an abrupt onset with sharp chest pain, fever, fatigue, emaciation, and splenomegaly. 18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) result showed diffuse and uneven hypermetabolic lesions in the bone marrow with peripheral bone marrow expansion, multiple soft tissue neoplasms with high 18F-FDG uptake, and lytic bone lesions. Bone marrow smear and biopsy detected aberrant blast cells expressing myeloid rather than lymphoid immunophenotype marker. For the existence of Philadelphia chromosome and BCR-ABL1 fusion gene together with complex chromosome abnormalities, a diagnosis of Philadelphia-positive acute myeloid leukemia was made, although the type (de novo or blast crisis) remained unclear.

关键词： Philadelphia chromosome acute myeloid leukemia mass osteolysis positron emission tomography

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我国废弃塑料污染防治战略研究

王琪,瞿金平,石碧,陈宁,聂敏,杨双桥

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第1期页码 160-166 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.01.020

摘要：

废弃塑料污染防治是国家战略的重要组成部分。本文全面深入分析我国废弃塑料的来源、回收利用及回收利用技术的现状。在塑料全生命周期评价基础上，提出了我国塑料污染防治全链条解决方案：在技术层面，必须从塑料合成、加工、应用和处理等各环节全方位全链条防治废弃塑料污染，包括塑料制品源头减量，塑料原料及替代产品的开发，塑料制品循环利用的设计，高性能长服役期塑料制品的加工，废弃塑料清洁高效规模化回收利用，终极塑料垃圾的安全处理等；在政府层面，建议加强政府政策引导，落实行政监管；在企业层面，建立有效回收机制，明确生产者、经营者、消费者的回收责任，为废弃塑料污染防治提供政策及技术建议；在公众层面，提高公民环保意识，全民参与治理。

关键词：废弃塑料环境污染防治措施回收利用全链条治理

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三种固体废弃物综合利用的研究

张万钧,郭育文,黄明勇,王斗天,张民胜

《中国工程科学》 2002年第4卷第10期页码 62-66

摘要：

文章从环境建设的可持续发展出发，结合天津开发区在基础设施及园林绿化建设中面临土源紧缺的现实，将周边地区大量存在的海湾泥、粉煤灰、碱渣土等废弃物配制成一种新型种植基质以代替农田客土，并对其理化性质和对植物的适宜性进行了详细的试验研究

关键词：固体废弃物新土源海湾泥碱渣土粉煤灰

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我国农村废弃物分类资源化利用战略研究

呼和涛力,袁浩然,刘晓风,陈汉平,雷廷宙,陈勇

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第4期页码 103-108 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.04.016

摘要：

本文围绕我国农村废弃物分类资源化利用问题，论述了农村废弃物的产生、危害以及资源化利用的重要意义，评估了我国农村废弃物的产生量、地区分布特征及资源化利用情况，深入分析了农村废弃物资源化利用存在的突出问题，结合美丽乡村建设及农村废弃物资源化利用的发展趋势，制定了农村废弃物资源化利用的发展战略及分阶段目标，提出了我国未来农村废弃物资源化开发利用的保障措施和政策建议。

关键词：农村废弃物分类资源化发展战略政策建议

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PET imaging on neurofunctional changes after optogenetic stimulation in a rat model of panic disorder

Xiao He, Chentao Jin, Mindi Ma, Rui Zhou, Shuang Wu, Haoying Huang, Yuting Li, Qiaozhen Chen, Mingrong Zhang, Hong Zhang, Mei Tian

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期页码 602-609 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0704-x

摘要： Panic disorder (PD) is an acute paroxysmal anxiety disorder with poorly understood pathophysiology. The dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG) is involved in the genesis of PD. However, the downstream neurofunctional changes of the dPAG during panic attacks have yet to be evaluated . In this study, optogenetic stimulation to the dPAG was performed to induce panic-like behaviors, and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with F-flurodeoxyglucose ( F-FDG) was conducted to evaluate neurofunctional changes before and after the optogenetic stimulation. Compared with the baseline, post-optogenetic stimulation PET imaging demonstrated that the glucose metabolism significantly increased ( <0.001) in dPAG, the cuneiform nucleus, the cerebellar lobule, the cingulate cortex, the alveus of the hippocampus, the primary visual cortex, the septohypothalamic nucleus, and the retrosplenial granular cortex but significantly decreased ( <0.001) in the basal ganglia, the frontal cortex, the forceps minor corpus callosum, the primary somatosensory cortex, the primary motor cortex, the secondary visual cortex, and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. Taken together, these data indicated that PET imaging can successfully detect downstream neurofunctional changes involved in the panic attacks after optogenetic stimulation to the dPAG.

关键词： panic disorder (PD) positron emission tomography (PET) optogenetics dorsal periaqueductal gray (dPAG)

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标题作者时间类型操作

废弃塑料和废弃胎胶的增值综合回收及其在路面工程中的可持续性实践

徐雄, 冷真, 兰景婷, 王伟, 虞将苗, 白雅伟, Anand Sreerama, 胡静

期刊论文

局部高空间分辨率的应用适应性PET系统设计初探

刘晶晶,谢庆国

期刊论文

通过蛋白质工程提高聚酯水解酶对PET 塑料的降解效率

马渊, 姚明东, 李炳志, 丁明珠, 何博, 陈思, 周晓, 元英进

期刊论文

F-FDG-PET glucose hypometabolism pattern in patients with epileptogenic hypothalamic hamartoma

期刊论文

4-Amino-1,8-naphthalimide based fluorescent photoinduced electron transfer (PET) pH sensors as liposomalcellular imaging agents: The effect of substituent patterns on PET directional quenching

Miguel Martínez-Calvo, Sandra A. Bright, Emma B. Veale, Adam F. Henwood, D. Clive Williams, Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson

期刊论文

Solubility of CO in solid-state PET measured by pressure-decay method

CHEN Miaocan, ZHAO Ling, LIU Tao, WU Jiangwei, YUAN Weikang

期刊论文

Laser sintering of Cu nanoparticles on PET polymer substrate for printed electronics at different wavelengths

Juan Carlos HERNANDEZ-CASTANEDA, Boon Keng LOK, Hongyu ZHENG

期刊论文

城市固体废弃物气化的热力学分析

徐鹏程, 金涌, 程易

期刊论文

Erratum to: On secondary new particle formation in China