资源类型

期刊论文 880

年份

2024 29

2023 67

2022 93

2021 58

2020 38

2019 43

2018 35

2017 31

2016 38

2015 45

2014 45

2013 40

2012 51

2011 36

2010 46

2009 37

2008 27

2007 30

2006 14

2005 8

展开 ︾

关键词

水资源 17

细水雾 14

可持续发展 6

水环境 6

泥水盾构 6

反渗透 5

砂卵石地层 4

超滤 4

三峡工程 3

优化 3

农业节水 3

半旱地农业 3

Preissmann格式 2

中国西北地区 2

京津冀 2

光催化 2

养殖模式 2

农业 2

创新 2

展开 ︾

检索范围：

排序： 展示方式：

水·水资源·农业节水

刘更另

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第7期   页码 39-42

摘要：

文章从水性质特点谈到中国水资源的问题，认为不能单纯用年平均降雨量的多少来判定中国水资源的状况，水资源开发利用的好坏决定于人类社会的调节和管理。中国水资源总的来说是够用的，最大问题是降水量的时空分布不平衡。

中国农民几千年来创造了许多治水蓄水用水的经验。农业节水非常重要，关键在"分散蓄水，分散使用"，以减少径流在汇集和分散过程中的损失和污染，在提高水的利用效率方面有一系列的科研和实际工作要做。

关键词： 水     水资源     农业节水     分散蓄水    

HTML PDF 收藏

Managing water for life

Daniel P. LOUCKS, Haifeng JIA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第2期   页码 255-264 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0359-6

摘要： Water is essential for life. In spite of the entire engineering infrastructure devoted to the treatment, regulation and beneficial uses of water, occasionally sufficient quantities and qualities of water become scarce. When this happens, just how do we decide how much less water to allocate to all of us and the activities we engage in to sustain and enhance our quality of life? This paper addresses some of the complexities of answering such a question, especially as society increasingly recognizes the need to provide flow regimes that will maintain healthy aquatic and floodplain ecosystems that also impact the economic, physical and even the spiritual quality of our lives. For we depend on these ecosystems to sustain our wellbeing. We are indeed a part of our ecosystems. We depend upon on aquatic ecosystems to moderate river flow qualities and quantities, reduce the extremes of floods and droughts, reduce erosion, detoxify and decompose waterborne wastes, generate and preserve flood plain soils and renew their fertility, regulate disease carrying organisms, and to enhance recreational benefits of river systems. This question of deciding just how much water to allocate to each water user and for the maintenance of viable aquatic ecosystems, especially when there is not enough, is a complex, and largely political, issue. This issue is likely to become even more complex and political and contentious in the future as populations grow and as water quantities and their qualities become even more variable and uncertain.

关键词： water stress     aquatic ecosystems     sustainable water resource allocations     ecosystem water requirements    

HTML PDF 收藏

Drinking water quality & health risk assessment of secondary water supply systems in residential neighborhoods

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2024年 第18卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-024-1778-5

摘要：

● Most water samples had excellent quality and negligible or acceptable health risks.

关键词： Drinking water quality     Water quality index     Health risk assessment     Secondary water supply systems     Heavy metals    

HTML PDF 收藏

The effect of different agricultural management practices on irrigation efficiency, water use efficiencyand green and blue water footprint

La ZHUO, Arjen Y. HOEKSTRA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 185-194 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017149

摘要： This paper explores the effect of varying agricultural management practices on different water efficiency indicators: irrigation efficiency (IE), crop water use efficiency (WUE), and green and blue water footprint (WF). We take winter wheat in an experimental field in Northern China as a case study and consider a dry, average and wet year. We conducted 24 modeling experiments with the AquaCrop model, for all possible combinations of four irrigation techniques, two irrigation strategies and three mulching methods. Results show that deficit irrigation most effectively improved blue water use, by increasing IE (by 5%) and reducing blue WF (by 38%), however with an average 9% yield reduction. Organic or synthetic mulching practices improved WUE (by 4% and 10%, respectively) and reduced blue WF (by 8% and 17%, respectively), with the same yield level. Drip and subsurface drip irrigation improved IE and WUE, but drip irrigation had a relatively large blue WF. Improvements in one water efficiency indicator may cause a decline in another. In particular, WUE can be improved by more irrigation at the cost of the blue WF. Furthermore, increasing IE, for instance by installing drip irrigation, does not necessarily reduce the blue WF.

关键词： field management     irrigation efficiency     water footprint     water productivity     water use efficiency    

HTML PDF 收藏

Emergency drinking water treatment in source water pollution incident-technology and practice in China

Xiaojian ZHANG , Chao CHEN ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 364-368 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0027-2

摘要： An investigation into emergency potable water treatment technologies was conducted to investigate China’s water pollution situation. In order to confirm optimum parameters, the technological efficiency of each pollutant was obtained. About 100 contaminants were tested to find the emergency treatment technologies, most of which were found to be positive. This paper presents the three largest and most significant water pollution incidents in China to date, analyzing cases such as the nitrobenzene pollution incident in the Songhua River in November 2005, the cadmium pollution incident in the Beijiang River in December 2005, and the water crisis with odorous tap water in Wuxi City in May 2007.

关键词： emergency drinking water treatment     water pollution     adsorption     oxidation     precipitation    

HTML PDF 收藏

Bioinspired and biomimetic membranes for water purification and chemical separation: A review

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1412-8

摘要：

•The history of biological and artificial water channels is reviewed.

关键词： Aquaporins     Artificial water channels     Biomimetic membranes     Chemical separation and water purification    

HTML PDF 收藏

Molecular analysis of bacterial community in the tap water with different water ages of a drinking water

Feng Wang, Weiying Li, Yue Li, Junpeng Zhang, Jiping Chen, Wei Zhang, Xuan Wu

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1020-4

摘要： Bacterial community in the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) was regulated by multiple environmental factors, many of which varied as a function of water age. In this study, four water samples with different water ages, including finished water (FW, 0 d) and tap water (TW) [TW1 (1 d), TW2(2 d) and TW3(3 d)], were collected along with the mains of a practical DWDS, and the bacterial community was investigated by high-throughput sequencing technique. Results indicated that the residual chlorine declined with the increase of water age, accompanied by the increase of dissolved organic matter, total bacteria counts and bacterial diversity (Shannon). For bacterial community composition, although Proteobacteria phylum (84.12%-97.6%) and Alphaproteobacteria class (67.42%-93.09%) kept dominate, an evident regular was observed at the order level. In detail, the relative abundance of most of other residual orders increased with different degrees from the start to the end of the DWDS, while a downward trend was uniquely observed in terms of Rhizobiales, who was inferred to be chlorine-resistant and be helpful for inhibiting pipes corrosion. Moreover, some OTUs were found to be closely related with species possessing pathogenicity and chlorine-resistant ability, so it was recommended that the use of agents other than chlorine or agents that can act synergically with chlorine should be developed for drinking water disinfection. This paper revealed bacterial community variations along the mains of the DWDS and the result was helpful for understanding bacterial ecology in the DWDS.

关键词： Bacterial community     Water age     High-throughput sequencing technique     Drinking water distribution system    

HTML PDF 收藏

A red water occurrence in drinking water distribution systems caused by changes in water source in Beijing

ZHANG Xiaojian,MI Zilong,WANG Yang,LIU Shuming,NIU Zhangbin,LU Pinpin,WANG Jun,GU Junnong,CHEN Chao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 417-426 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0558-4

摘要： A red water phenomenon occurred in several communities few days after the change of water source in Beijing, China in 2008. In this study, the origin of this problem, the mechanism of iron release and various control measures were investigated. The results indicated that a significant increase in sulphate concentration as a result of the new water source was the cause of the red water phenomenon. The mechanism of iron release was found that the high-concentration sulphate in the new water source disrupted the stable shell of scale on the inner pipe and led to the release of iron compounds. Experiments showed that the iron release rate in the new source water within pipe section was over 11-fold higher than that occurring within the local source water. The recovery of tap water quality lasted several months despite ameliorative measures being implemented, including adding phosphate, reducing the overall proportion of the new water source, elevating the pH and alkalinity, and utilizing free chlorine as a disinfectant instead of chloramine. Adding phosphate was more effective and more practical than the other measures. The iron release rate was decreased after the addition of 1.5 mg·L orthophosphate- P, tripolyphosphate-P and hexametaphosphate-P by 68%, 83% and 87%, respectively. Elevating the pH and alkalinity also reduced the iron release rate by 50%. However, the iron release rate did not decreased after replacing chloramine by 0.5–0.8 mg·L of free chlorine as disinfectant.

关键词： iron release     drinking water distribution system     sulphate     phosphate     red water control     water quality stability    

HTML PDF 收藏

Comparative genotoxicity of water processed by three drinking water treatment plants with different water

Ting Zhang, Heze Liu, Yiyuan Zhang, Wenjun Sun, Xiuwei Ao

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1214-4

摘要： Genotoxicity of substances is unknown in the water after treatment processes. Genotoxicity decreased by activated carbon treatment but increased by chlorination. Halogenated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds contribute to genotoxicity. Genotoxicity was assessed by umu test; acute and chronic toxicity by ECOSAR. Inconsistent results confirmed that genotoxicity cannot be assessed by ECOSAR. Advanced water treatment is commonly used to remove micropollutants such as pesticides, endocrine disrupting chemicals, and disinfection byproducts in modern drinking water treatment plants. However, little attention has been paid to the changes in the genotoxicity of substances remaining in the water following the different water treatment processes. In this study, samples were collected from three drinking water treatment plants with different treatment processes. The treated water from each process was analyzed and compared for genotoxicity and the formation of organic compounds. The genotoxicity was evaluated by an umu test, and the acute and chronic toxicity was analyzed through Ecological Structure- Activity Relationship (ECOSAR). The results of the umu test indicated that biological activated carbon reduced the genotoxicity by 38%, 77%, and 46% in the three drinking water treatment plants, respectively, while chlorination increased the genotoxicity. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that halogenated hydrocarbons and aromatic compounds were major contributors to genotoxicity. The results of ECOSAR were not consistent with those of the umu test. Therefore, we conclude that genotoxicity cannot be determined using ECOSAR .

关键词： Drinking water     Treatment process     Genotoxicity     Umu test     Ecological Structure-Activity Relationship    

HTML PDF 收藏

Ceramic water filter for point-of-use water treatment in developing countries: Principles, challenges

Haiyan Yang, Shangping Xu, Derek E. Chitwood, Yin Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1254-9

摘要： • CWF is a sustainable POU water treatment method for developing areas. • CWF manufacturing process is critical for its filtration performance. • Simultaneous increase of flow rate and pathogen removal is a challenge. • Control of pore size distribution holds promises to improve CWF efficiency. • Novel coatings of CWFs are a promising method to improve contaminant removal. Drinking water source contamination poses a great threat to human health in developing countries. Point-of-use (POU) water treatment techniques, which improve drinking water quality at the household level, offer an affordable and convenient way to obtain safe drinking water and thus can reduce the outbreaks of waterborne diseases. Ceramic water filters (CWFs), fabricated from locally sourced materials and manufactured by local labor, are one of the most socially acceptable POU water treatment technologies because of their effectiveness, low-cost and ease of use. This review concisely summarizes the critical factors that influence the performance of CWFs, including (1) CWF manufacturing process (raw material selection, firing process, silver impregnation), and (2) source water quality. Then, an in-depth discussion is presented with emphasis on key research efforts to address two major challenges of conventional CWFs, including (1) simultaneous increase of filter flow rate and bacterial removal efficiency, and (2) removal of various concerning pollutants, such as viruses and metal(loid)s. To promote the application of CWFs, future research directions can focus on: (1) investigation of pore size distribution and pore structure to achieve higher flow rates and effective pathogen removal by elucidating pathogen transport in porous ceramic and adjusting manufacture parameters; and (2) exploration of new surface modification approaches with enhanced interaction between a variety of contaminants and ceramic surfaces.

关键词： Point-of-use water treatment     Ceramic water filter     Bacterial removal     Surface modification     Water quality    

HTML PDF 收藏

Nanofiltration for drinking water treatment: a review

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 681-698 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2103-5

摘要： In recent decades, nanofiltration (NF) is considered as a promising separation technique to produce drinking water from different types of water source. In this paper, we comprehensively reviewed the progress of NF-based drinking water treatment, through summarizing the development of materials/fabrication and applications of NF membranes in various scenarios including surface water treatment, groundwater treatment, water reuse, brackish water treatment, and point of use applications. We not only summarized the removal of target major pollutants (e.g., hardness, pathogen, and natural organic matter), but also paid attention to the removal of micropollutants of major concern (e.g., disinfection byproducts, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, and arsenic). We highlighted that, for different applications, fit-for-purpose design is needed to improve the separation capability for target compounds of NF membranes in addition to their removal of salts. Outlook and perspectives on membrane fouling control, chlorine resistance, integrity, and selectivity are also discussed to provide potential insights for future development of high-efficiency NF membranes for stable and reliable drinking water treatment.

关键词： nanofiltration     drinking water     disinfection byproducts     micropollutants     selectivity    

HTML PDF 收藏

Water, energy and food interactions–Challenges and opportunities

Gustaf OLSSON

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第5期   页码 787-793 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0526-z

摘要： Water and energy are inextricably linked, and as a consequence both have to be addressed together. This is called the water-energy nexus. When access to either is limited, it becomes obvious that it is necessary to consider their interdependence. Population growth, climate change, urbanization, increasing living standards and food consumption will require an integrated approach where food, water and energy security are considered together. In this paper we examine water, energy and food security and their couplings. The nexus also creates conflicts between water use, energy extraction and generation as well as food production. Some of these conflicts are illustrated. It is argued that there is an urgent need for integrated planning and operation. Not only will better technology be needed, but also better integration of policies, organizations and political decisions.

关键词： water security     energy security     food security     water-energy nexus     water conflicts    

HTML PDF 收藏

Temporal dimension and water quality control in an emission trading scheme based on water environmental

Zhaoxing HAN, Zhenyao SHEN, Yongwei GONG, Qian HONG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 119-129 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0272-z

摘要： Emission trading is one of the most effective alternatives to controlling water pollution. Water environmental functional zone (WEFZ) is used to determine the water quality standard and identify the zone boundary for each river or reach. In this study, a new emission trading scheme was addressed based on WEFZ, accounting for both the temporal dimension and water quality control. A temporal factor of emission trading was proposed based on variations in the environmental capacity within a year by dividing the year into three periods, including high, normal, and low periods of environmental capacity. During each period, emission trading was implemented exclusively. A water quality-control scheme was suggested based on the water quality requirement in the water functional zone, in which the water quality at the downstream boundary of the zone was required to meet the water standard following auto-purification in the stream. Two methods of calculating water quality control are addressed for point-source pollution and non-point-source pollution. The calculated temporal dimension and water quality control were located in Dongxi River of the Daning Watershed in the Three Gorges Watershed. The high period was during June, July, and August, the normal period was during April, May, September, and October, and the low period was during January, February, March, November, and December. The results from the water quality calculation demonstrated that the discharge of point-source and non-point-source pollutions led to an excess of common contaminants at the downstream boundary of WEFZ. The temporal and spatial factors above should be incorporated into the emission trading scheme based on WEFZ.

关键词： emission trading     water functional zone     water quality control    

HTML PDF 收藏

State versus private sector provision of water services in Armenia

Naira HARUTYUNYAN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第5期   页码 620-630 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0425-8

摘要： Despite increasing advocacy and adaptation of public-private model of water governance worldwide since the 1990s, today only 5% of the world’s population is served by water utilities with private involvement. The present article examines the experience of the water sector in Armenia with private sector participation. The study describes the process of the introduction of public-private partnerships in the water sector and focuses on analyzing the impact of privatization on water utility performance. The analysis employs the partial indicator method for evaluating the impacts in relation to operational, finance, and environmental performance, done by drawing on the database for the five water companies in Armenia. The empirical evidence shows that private participation in general led to improved overall performance. In particular, private involvement resulted in increased operational efficiency in terms of labor productivity, water metering, continuity of service, and revenue collection efficiency. There were mixed improvements in the operating cost coverage ratio. As for environmental performance, there were gains in the reduction of residential water consumption, accompanied, however, by an increase in non-revenue water.

关键词： water governance     water privatization     public-private partnership     operational efficiency     Armenia     transition economy    

HTML PDF 收藏

Dynamic simulation of urban water metabolism under water environmental carrying capacity restrictions

Weihua ZENG,Bo WU,Ying CHAI

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 114-128 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0669-6

摘要： A revised concept for urban water metabolism (UWM) is presented in this study to address the inadequacies in current research on UWM and the problems associated with the traditional urban water metabolic process. Feedback loops can be analyzed to increase the water environmental carrying capacity (WECC) of the new urban water metabolism system (UWMS) over that of a traditional UWMS. An analysis of the feedback loops of an UWMS was used to construct a system dynamics (SD) model for the system under a WECC restriction. Water metabolic processes were simulated for different scenarios using the Tongzhou District in Beijing as an example. The results for the newly developed UWM case showed that a water environment of Tongzhou District could support a population of 1.1926 × 10 , an irrigation area of 375.521 km , a livestock of 0.7732 × 10 , and an industrial value added of ¥193.14 × 10 (i.e. about US$28.285× 10 ) in 2020. A sensitivity analysis showed that the WECC could be improved to some extent by constructing new sewage treatment facilities or by expanding the current sewage treatment facilities, using reclaimed water and improving the water circulation system.

关键词： urban water metabolism system (UWMS)     system dynamic simulation     water environmental carrying capacity (WECC)     feedback loops     bilateral control    

HTML PDF 收藏

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

水·水资源·农业节水

刘更另

期刊论文

Managing water for life

Daniel P. LOUCKS, Haifeng JIA

期刊论文

Drinking water quality & health risk assessment of secondary water supply systems in residential neighborhoods

期刊论文

The effect of different agricultural management practices on irrigation efficiency, water use efficiencyand green and blue water footprint

La ZHUO, Arjen Y. HOEKSTRA

期刊论文

Emergency drinking water treatment in source water pollution incident-technology and practice in China

Xiaojian ZHANG , Chao CHEN ,

期刊论文

Bioinspired and biomimetic membranes for water purification and chemical separation: A review

期刊论文

Molecular analysis of bacterial community in the tap water with different water ages of a drinking water

Feng Wang, Weiying Li, Yue Li, Junpeng Zhang, Jiping Chen, Wei Zhang, Xuan Wu

期刊论文

A red water occurrence in drinking water distribution systems caused by changes in water source in Beijing

ZHANG Xiaojian,MI Zilong,WANG Yang,LIU Shuming,NIU Zhangbin,LU Pinpin,WANG Jun,GU Junnong,CHEN Chao

期刊论文

Comparative genotoxicity of water processed by three drinking water treatment plants with different water

Ting Zhang, Heze Liu, Yiyuan Zhang, Wenjun Sun, Xiuwei Ao

期刊论文

Ceramic water filter for point-of-use water treatment in developing countries: Principles, challenges

Haiyan Yang, Shangping Xu, Derek E. Chitwood, Yin Wang

期刊论文

Nanofiltration for drinking water treatment: a review

期刊论文

Water, energy and food interactions–Challenges and opportunities

Gustaf OLSSON

期刊论文

Temporal dimension and water quality control in an emission trading scheme based on water environmental

Zhaoxing HAN, Zhenyao SHEN, Yongwei GONG, Qian HONG

期刊论文

State versus private sector provision of water services in Armenia

Naira HARUTYUNYAN

期刊论文

Dynamic simulation of urban water metabolism under water environmental carrying capacity restrictions

Weihua ZENG,Bo WU,Ying CHAI

期刊论文