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Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease

LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 223-225 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0043-1

摘要： The focus of this study is to determine the relationship between selenium (Se) concentrations in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) in Tibet. The hair of children in typical KBD-affected areas and non-disease areas was collected, and its Se concentrations were measured by atomic fluorescent spectrometry. The Se concentrations in child hair were (0.13±0.04) and (0.18±0.07) µg/g respectively in KBD areas and non-disease areas respectively, which are significantly different. In areas supplemented with Se in Tibet, the Se concentration of hair in KBD- affected areas was higher than that in non-diseased areas, being (0.28±0.03) and (0.18±0.04) µg/g respectively. There is a close relationship between the Se concentrations in hair and KBD distribution. Se supplement increase the Se concentrations in the human body. Appropriate Se supplementation is important to prevent KBD in Tibet.

关键词： different     relationship     non-disease     selenium     KBD distribution    

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Decoction, a Chinese herbal formula, improves insulin resistance in overweight/obese subjects with non-alcoholicfatty liver disease: a translational approach

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 745-759 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0880-3

摘要： Lingguizhugan Decoction (LGZG) has been investigated in basic studies, with satisfactory effects on insulin resistance in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This translational approach aimed to explore the effect and underlying mechanism of LGZG in clinical setting. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was performed. A total of 243 eligible participants with NAFLD were equally allocated to receive LGZG (two groups: standard dose and low dose) or placebo for 12 weeks on the basis of lifestyle modifications. The primary efficacy variable was homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Analyses were performed in two populations in accordance with body mass index (BMI; overweight/obese, BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2; lean, BMI < 24 kg/m 2). For overweight/obese participants, low-dose LGZG significantly decreased their HOMA-IR level compared with placebo (−0.19 (1.47) versus 0.08 (1.99),P = 0.038). For lean subjects, neither dose of LGZG showed a superior effect compared with placebo. Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing and real-time qPCR found that the DNA N6-methyladenine modification levels of protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 3A (PPP1R3A) and autophagy related 3 (ATG3) significantly increased after LGZG intervention in overweight/obese population. Low-dose LGZG effectively improved insulin resistance in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD. The underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of DNA N6-methyladenine modification of PPP1R3A and ATG3. Lean subjects may not be a targeted population for LGZG.

关键词： insulin resistance     non-alcoholic fatty liver disease     Chinese herbal medicine     randomized controlled trial     DNA N6-methyladenine modification    

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Type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease exhibit significant haemorheological

Hui Dong, Fu’er Lu, Nan Wang, Xin Zou, Jingjing Rao

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 288-293 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0127-9

摘要： Haemorheological abnormalities have been described in diabetes mellitus, as well as in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the relationship between the changes in liver fat content and haemorheology is unknown. The current study aims to show the correlation between haemorheological parameters and intrahepatic lipid content (IHLC) in patients with type 2 diabetes. The serum biochemical markers, such as fasting plasma glucose (FPG), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), liver enzymes, lipid profiles, and haemorheological properties, were examined. IHLC was quantified using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( H-MRS) scanning of the liver. A significant correlation was observed between IHLC and whole blood viscosity at high, middle, and low shear rates. IHLC also positively correlated with haematocrit, the reduced whole blood viscosity at low and middle shear rates, and the erythrocyte aggregation index. Diabetic patients with NAFLD exhibited significant haemorheological abnormalities compared with patients without NAFLD. In summary, haemorheological disorders are linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver in type 2 diabetes.

关键词： diabetes mellitus     type 2     haemorheology     non-alcoholic fatty liver disease    

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Mechanistic and therapeutic advances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting the gut microbiota

Ruiting Han, Junli Ma, Houkai Li

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第6期   页码 645-657 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0645-9

摘要： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common metabolic diseases currently in the context of obesity worldwide, which contains a spectrum of chronic liver diseases, including hepatic steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatic carcinoma. In addition to the classical “Two-hit” theory, NAFLD has been recognized as a typical gut microbiota-related disease because of the intricate role of gut microbiota in maintaining human health and disease formation. Moreover, gut microbiota is even regarded as a “metabolic organ” that play complementary roles to that of liver in many aspects. The mechanisms underlying gut microbiota-mediated development of NAFLD include modulation of host energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and bile acid and choline metabolism. As a result, gut microbiota have been emerging as a novel therapeutic target for NAFLD by manipulating it in various ways, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and herbal components. In this review, we summarized the most recent advances in gut microbiota-mediated mechanisms, as well as gut microbiota-targeted therapies on NAFLD.

关键词： gut microbiota     NAFLD     obesity     insulin resistance     bile acids     probiotic    

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Health: a dream from reality to the future

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 233-235 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0444-0

摘要：

This paper argues that health is a realistic productive force that may enhance the index of happiness. As the basis of all developments and the source of a person’s and his/her family’s happiness, health requires not only primary and secondary prevention, but also policy prevention, that is to say, grade-zero prevention. Therefore, people should pay more attention to Health in All Policies. As a new preventive strategy, the policy prevention will help improve people’s health significantly and promote the concepts of “Healthy China” and “the Chinese Dream” or “the World Dream” to realize a dream from reality to the future.

关键词： health promotion     primary and secondary prevention     policy prevention     infectious disease     non-communicable disease    

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miRNAs in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 389-396 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0468-5

摘要：

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and is a considerable threat to public health. miRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, and the dysregulation of miRNAs is involved in various biological processes in the liver, including lipid homeostasis, inflammation, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Recently, a number of studies have described the association between miRNAs and NAFLD progression and have shown that circulating miRNAs reflect histological changes in the liver. Therefore, circulating miRNAs have potential use for the evaluation of NAFLD severity. In this review, we discuss the involvement of miRNAs in NAFLD pathogenesis and the key role of miRNAs in the screening, diagnosis, and staging of NAFLD.

关键词： nonalcoholic fatty liver disease     nonalcoholic steatohepatitis     hepatocellular carcinoma     miRNA    

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New definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with elevated brachial-ankle pulse

《医学前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第5期   页码 714-722 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0888-8

摘要： A new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has recently been proposed. We aim to examine the associations of MAFLD, particularly its discordance from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with the progression of elevated brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and albuminuria in a community-based study sample in Shanghai, China. After 4.3 years of follow-up, 778 participants developed elevated baPWV and 499 developed albuminuria. In comparison with the non-MAFLD group, the multivariable adjusted odds ratio (OR) of MAFLD group for new-onset elevated baPWV was 1.25 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.55) and 1.35 (95% CI 1.07–1.70) for albuminuria. Participants without NAFLD but diagnosed according to MAFLD definition were associated with higher risk of incident albuminuria (OR 1.77; 95% CI 1.07–2.94). Patients with MAFLD with high value of hepamet fibrosis score or poor-controlled diabetes had higher risk of elevated baPWV or albuminuria. In conclusion, MAFLD was associated with new-onset elevated baPWV and albuminuria independently of body mass index, waist circumference, and hip circumference. Individuals without NAFLD but diagnosed as MAFLD had high risk of albuminuria, supporting that MAFLD criteria would be practical for the evaluation of long-term risk of subclinical atherosclerosis among fatty liver patients.

关键词： metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease     non-alcoholic fatty liver disease     fibrosis score     brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity     albuminuria    

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Comparison of the clinical features and therapeutics of COVID-19 in cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) and non-CCVD patients

Yu Wang, Lan Li, Yuanjiang Pan, Yu He, Zuhua Chen, Yunhao Xun, Yuhan Xu, Yilei Guo, Jiehong Yang, Jianchun Guo, Haitong Wan

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期   页码 629-637 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0825-2

摘要： Cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) is a major comorbidity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the clinical characteristics and outcomes remain unclear. In this study, 102 cases of COVID-19 from January 22, 2020 to March 26, 2020 in Xixi Hospital of Hangzhou were included. Twenty cases had pre-existing CCVD. Results showed that compared with non-CCVD patients, those with CCVD are more likely to develop severe disease (15% versus 1%), and the proportion of pneumonia severity index grade IV was significantly higher (25% versus 3.6%). Computed tomography images demonstrated that the proportion of multiple lobe lesion involvement was significantly higher in the CCVD group than in the non-CCVD group (90% versus 63.4%). Compared with non-CCVD group, the levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, D-dimer, and serum amyloid-A were higher, whereas the total protein and arterial partial PaO were lower in the CCVD group. Although no statistical difference was observed in the outcomes between groups, CCVD patients received more intensive comprehensive treatment to improve COVID-19 symptoms compared with non-CCVD patients. Integrated Chinese and Western medicine treatments have certain advantages in controlling the severe conversion rate and mortality of COVID-19. In addition, given that COVID-19 patients are usually related to coagulation disorders and thrombosis risk, the application of Chinese medicine in promoting blood circulation and removing stasis should be strengthened.

关键词： COVID-19     cardio-cerebrovascular disease     traditional Chinese medicine     clinical features     clinical therapeutics    

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Long non-coding RNA SAP30-2:1 is downregulated in congenital heart disease and regulates cell proliferation

Jing Ma, Shiyu Chen, Lili Hao, Wei Sheng, Weicheng Chen, Xiaojing Ma, Bowen Zhang, Duan Ma, Guoying Huang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 91-100 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0778-5

摘要： Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect worldwide. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in many diseases. However, their involvement in CHD is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of dysregulated lncRNAs in CHD. We used Gene Expression Omnibus data mining, bioinformatics analysis, and analysis of clinical tissue samples and observed that the novel lncRNA SAP30-2:1 with unknown function was significantly downregulated in damaged cardiac tissues from patients with CHD. Knockdown of lncRNA SAP30-2:1 inhibited the proliferation of human embryonic kidney and AC16 cells and decreased the expression of heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 (HAND2). Moreover, lncRNA SAP30-2:1 was associated with HAND2 by RNA immunoprecipitation. Overall, these results suggest that lncRNA SAP30-2:1 may be involved in heart development through affecting cell proliferation via targeting HAND2 and may thus represent a novel therapeutic target for CHD.

关键词： congenital heart disease     Gene Expression Omnibus     lncRNA SAP30-2:1     cell proliferation     RNA immunoprecipitation     HAND2    

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γδ T cells in liver diseases

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 262-268 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0584-x

摘要：

γδ T cells display unique developmental, distributional, and functional patterns and can rapidly respond to various insults and contribute to diverse diseases. Different subtypes of γδ T cells are produced in the thymus prior to their migration to peripheral tissues. γδ T cells are enriched in the liver and exhibit liver-specific features. Accumulating evidence reveals that γδ T cells play important roles in liver infection, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, and liver cancer and regeneration. In this study, we review the properties of hepatic γδ T cells and summarize the roles of γδ T cells in liver diseases. We believe that determining the properties and functions of γδ T cells in liver diseases enhances our understanding of the pathogenesis of liver diseases and is useful for the design of novel γδ T cell-based therapeutic regimens for liver diseases.

关键词： γδT cells     liver infection     non-alcoholic fatty liver disease     autoimmune hepatitis     liver fibrosis and cirrhosis     liver cancer     liver regeneration    

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益生菌对非酒精性脂肪性肝病疗效的研究进展 Article

姚铭飞, 屈玲玲, 陆艳蒙, 王保红, Björn Berglundb, 李兰娟

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第5期   页码 679-686 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.01.017

摘要：

非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）在全球范围内的患病率高达20%~33%，已成为严重威胁人类健康的慢性肝病之一。至今为止，除了改变生活方式，改善NAFLD尚无明确的药物治疗方法。因此，找到有效、可替代的干预策略迫在眉睫。随着人们对肠道微生态在NAFLD发病机制中的重要作用的认识，益生菌防治NAFLD的研究也随之增多。NAFLD治疗中最受关注的益生菌主要包括以双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium）和乳酸杆菌属（Lactobacillus）为代表的传统益生菌，以及下一代新兴益生菌（NGP），如嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌（Akkermansia muciniphila）和普拉梭菌（Faecalibacterium prausnitzii）等。本文综述了口服传统益生菌和NGP对NAFLD发生发展的影响；基于最新的动物和临床研究，阐述了益生菌直接或间接影响疾病的机制。虽然相关研究已有很多，但要全面了解益生菌、肠道微生态、NAFLD之间的具体潜在机制，仍需要深入研究，需要更多的大规模临床试验来评估益生菌治疗NAFLD的效果以及益生菌在人体内的安全性。

关键词： 非酒精性脂肪性肝病     肠道菌群     益生菌     下一代益生菌    

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国外重大慢性非传染性疾病防治对策研究

张祝琴,刘德培

《中国工程科学》 2017年 第19卷 第2期   页码 112-116 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.019

摘要：

重大慢性非传染性疾病包括心脑血管疾病、癌症、呼吸系统疾病、糖尿病等，其流行给全球居民健康造成了重大威胁。为进一步对慢性病进行有效预防控制，促进健康、推动经济和社会发展，2014年中国工程院立项并开展了“重大慢性非传染性疾病防治的国际对比研究”项目，对国内外慢性病预防控制情况以及可供我们借鉴的经验进行了详细分析。本文从慢性病发病概况入手，分析了各种疾病的预防控制措施，并对不同国家的慢性病预防控制体系进行比较，凝练有益经验和方法，提出了增强我国慢性病预防控制的措施和建议。

关键词： 慢性病     心脑血管疾病     癌症     呼吸系统疾病     糖尿病     疾病预防控制体系    

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应对新冠病毒肺炎疫情的东西方分异 Article

Dean T Jamison, Kin Bing Wu

《工程（英文）》 2021年 第7卷 第7期   页码 936-947 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.008

摘要：

截至2021年5月，西方国家每百万人口中新冠病毒肺炎（简称新冠肺炎）死亡人数往往超过东方国家的100倍。本文中提及的西方国家是以美国和西欧地区5个人口最多的国家（法国、德国、意大利、西班牙和英国）为代表，东方国家是以作为《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》（RCEP）成员的东亚和大洋洲的15个国家（澳大利亚、文莱达鲁萨兰国、柬埔寨王国、中国、印度尼西亚、日本、韩国、老挝、马来西亚、缅甸、新西兰、菲律宾、新加坡、泰国和越南）为代表。本文认为，现有信息指明了造成东西方差异的最主要因素。到2020年1月初，中国武汉市发生非典型病毒性肺炎的预警促使东亚诸多司法管辖区迅速做出反应。2020年1月10日，病毒基因组的发布为进行诊断测试和开展疫苗研发提供了重要信息。2020年1月23日，中国武汉市封城，明确表明了这种新疾病的危险性。截至2020年3月下旬，中国新冠肺炎疫情已经得到全面控制，而其他的RCEP成员国也已提早采取了果断措施（包括限制出行），从而避免了严重的结局。在2020年2月这一关键时期，美国和其他一些西方国家的不作为导致新冠肺炎的肆虐和传播。东西方国家都广泛实施了严格的全民非药物干预措施，社会、经济和教育系统都付出了巨大的代价。如果没有采取这些措施，结局可能会更糟。大多数东方国家还实施了严格的集中政策，对感染者进行集中隔离。然而，即使在今天，大多数西方国家仍然允许感染者与其家人、同事和社区居民交往。东西方之间的差异在很大程度上是由于西方国家未能及早实施基本公共卫生政策。一些RCEP成员国及高收入国家进行广泛的免疫接种，疫情很快减轻。然而，低收入国家的疫苗推出缓慢，导致在结局上全球南北方差异正逐渐取代东西方差异。因此，南方国家正在取代西方国家，成为更危险病毒变种的滋生地。例如，具有高度传染性的德尔塔（Delta）变种，可能会削弱迄今为止在很多国家中取得成功的控制策略的效果。

关键词： 新冠病毒肺炎     隔离     非药物干预措施     大流行     疫苗接种    

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et’s disease in a Chinese population

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 354-359 doi: 10.1007/s11684-012-0234-2

摘要：

Beh?et’s disease is defined as a multisystemic inflammatory disease. Although the precise pathogenesis and etiology is still a mystery, accumulating evidence shows that genetic variants of immune-related genes have a profound influence on the development of Beh?et’s disease. To explore the genetic factors for Beh?et’s disease, our group investigated the association of Beh?et’s disease with multiple immune response genes and has identified multiple Beh?et’s disease-related immunoregulatory pathways in the Chinese Han population. A large number of gene polymorphisms were studied including STAT4, IL23R, CD40, CCR1/CCR3, STAT3, OPN, IL17, JAK2, MCP-1, CTLA4, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, TGRBR3, CCR6, PTPN22, FCRL3, IRF5, SUMO4 and UBAC2. Significant associations were found between Beh?et’s disease and STAT4, IL23R, CD40, CCR1/CCR3, STAT3, MCP-1, TGFBR3, FCRL3, SUMO4, UBAC2. These genetic predisposition studies support an important role for both lymphocyte differentiation as well as ubiquitination pathways. These findings are helpful in elucidating the pathogenesis of Beh?et’s disease and hopefully will allow the development of novel treatment regimes.

关键词： Beh?et’s disease     SNPs     immune gene     genetic study    

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Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 425-432 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0295-x

摘要：

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and is mainly characterized by persistent airflow limitation. Given that multiple systems other than the lung can be impaired in COPD patients, the traditional FEV1/FVC ratio shows many limitations in COPD diagnosis and assessment. Certain heterogeneities are found in terms of clinical manifestations, physiology, imaging findings, and inflammatory reactions in COPD patients; thus, phenotyping can provide effective information for the prognosis and treatment. However, phenotypes are often based on symptoms or pathophysiological impairments in late-stage COPD, and the role of phenotypes in COPD prevention and early diagnosis remains unclear. This shortcoming may be overcome by the potential genotypes defined by the heterogeneities in certain genes. This review briefly describes the heterogeneity of COPD, with focus on recent advances in the correlations between genotypes and phenotypes. The potential roles of these genotypes and phenotypes in the molecular mechanisms and management of COPD are also elucidated.

关键词： chronic obstructive pulmonary disease     heterogeneity     phenotype     genotype     prediction    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Relationship between selenium concentration in child hair and the distribution of Kashin-Beck Disease

LI Shunjiang, YANG Linsheng, WANG Wuyi, LI Yonghua, LI Hairong, XIRAO Ruodeng

期刊论文

Decoction, a Chinese herbal formula, improves insulin resistance in overweight/obese subjects with non-alcoholicfatty liver disease: a translational approach

期刊论文

Type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease exhibit significant haemorheological

Hui Dong, Fu’er Lu, Nan Wang, Xin Zou, Jingjing Rao

期刊论文

Mechanistic and therapeutic advances in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting the gut microbiota

Ruiting Han, Junli Ma, Houkai Li

期刊论文

Health: a dream from reality to the future

null

期刊论文

miRNAs in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

null

期刊论文

New definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with elevated brachial-ankle pulse

期刊论文

Comparison of the clinical features and therapeutics of COVID-19 in cardio-cerebrovascular disease (CCVD) and non-CCVD patients

Yu Wang, Lan Li, Yuanjiang Pan, Yu He, Zuhua Chen, Yunhao Xun, Yuhan Xu, Yilei Guo, Jiehong Yang, Jianchun Guo, Haitong Wan

期刊论文

Long non-coding RNA SAP30-2:1 is downregulated in congenital heart disease and regulates cell proliferation

Jing Ma, Shiyu Chen, Lili Hao, Wei Sheng, Weicheng Chen, Xiaojing Ma, Bowen Zhang, Duan Ma, Guoying Huang

期刊论文

γδ T cells in liver diseases

null

期刊论文

益生菌对非酒精性脂肪性肝病疗效的研究进展

姚铭飞, 屈玲玲, 陆艳蒙, 王保红, Björn Berglundb, 李兰娟

期刊论文

国外重大慢性非传染性疾病防治对策研究

张祝琴,刘德培

期刊论文

应对新冠病毒肺炎疫情的东西方分异

Dean T Jamison, Kin Bing Wu

期刊论文

et’s disease in a Chinese population

null

期刊论文

Heterogeneity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: from phenotype to genotype

null

期刊论文