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RNA干扰（RNAi） 1

基于RNA的生物防治 1

大豆臭虫（SSB） 1

玉米根虫（CRW） 1

科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫（CPB） 1

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SIMULATION OF O-BLOWN CO-GASIFICATION OF WOOD CHIP AND POTATO PEEL FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第3期   页码 448-457 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023490

摘要：

● Low-value biowaste including wood chip and potato peel was valorized to syngas.

关键词： Aspen Plus     co-gasification     potato peel     syngas     simulation     waste reduction     wood chip    

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Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of sweet potato powder for the production of ethanol under

Yinxiu CAO, Hongchi TIAN, Kun YAO, Yingjin YUAN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 318-324 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-1026-3

摘要： Due to its merits of drought tolerance and high yield, sweet potatoes are widely considered as a potential alterative feedstock for bioethanol production. Very high gravity (VHG) technology is an effective strategy for improving the efficiency of ethanol fermentation from starch materials. However, this technology has rarely been applied to sweet potatoes because of the high viscosity of their liquid mash. To overcome this problem, cellulase was added to reduce the high viscosity, and the optimal dosage and treatment time were 8 U/g (sweet potato powder) and 1 h, respectively. After pretreatment by cellulase, the viscosity of the VHG sweet potato mash (containing 284.2 g/L of carbohydrates) was reduced by 81%. After liquefaction and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), the final ethanol concentration reached 15.5% (v/v), and the total sugar conversion and ethanol yields were 96.5% and 87.8%, respectively.

关键词： bioethanol     sweet potato     very high gravity     viscosity reduction     simultaneous saccharification and fermentation    

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Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple-fleshed sweet potato provides insights into the molecular

Hongyuan ZHAO, Shanshan ZHANG, Feibing WANG, Ning ZHAO, Shaozhen HE, Qingchang LIU, Hong ZHAI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第2期   页码 214-225 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018219

摘要： Sweet potato, , is a globally important food crop. The purple-fleshed sweet potato, rich in anthocyanins, has great potential for both nutritional and pharmaceutical uses. In this study, we characterized the root transcriptomes of the purple-fleshed sweet potato cv. Jingshu 6 and its mutant JS6-5 with high anthocyanin content by high-throughput RNA sequencing. A total of 22873364 and 27955097 high quality reads were obtained from Jingshu 6 and JS6-5, respectively, and assembled into 35592 unigenes. In all, we obtained 1566 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Among them, 994 were upregulated and 572 were downregulated in JS6-5 compared to the expression in Jingshu 6. A total of 1436 DEGs were annotated, in which 847 DEGs had gene ontology (GO) terms and 329 DEGs were assigned to 84 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Most importantly, 23 differentially expressed genes and 24 transcription factors were identified as candidate genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. In addition, 2349 SSRs were detected. This study not only provides the candidate genes but also provides insights into the molecular mechanism of anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet potato.

关键词： anthocyanin     gene expression     mutant     purple-fleshed sweet potato     transcriptome    

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Development and testing of a weather-based model to determine potential yield losses caused by potato

Alexey FILIPPOV, Maria KUZNETSOVA, Alexander ROGOZHIN, Olga IAKUSHEVA, Valentina DEMIDOVA, Natalia STATSYUK

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第4期   页码 462-468 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018239

摘要：

Late blight is one of the most important potato diseases. To minimize yield losses, various protective measures are used including fungicide application. Active use of fungicides results in a contamination of the environment. Therefore, crop protection strategies optimizing the number of treatments are of great interest. Using information about late blight development in an experimental potato field recorded over 30 seasons, a simulator to forecast yield losses caused by the disease was developed based on the number of 5-d periods favorable for reinfection of plants during a vegetation season. The simulator was successfully verified using independent data on the disease development from nine unprotected potato fields in the Netherlands and Germany. The average difference between the calculated and real yield losses did not exceed 5%. Using the simulator and weather data for a period of 2007-2017, yield losses were calculated for several areas of the Bryansk, Tambov, and Orenburg Regions of Russia. The results revealed differences in disease development between these regions and may be used to develop recommendations for a frequency of fungicide applications according to the regional risk of epidemics, leading to a significant reduction in fungicide use.

关键词： potato     late blight     Phytophthora infestans     yield losses     retrospective analysis     mathematical model    

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Preparation of starch esters with crosslinking structures derived from dianhydride

Huijuan CHU, Hongliang WEI, Jing ZHU, Shouyin HU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 51-54 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0534-5

摘要： Starch is a kind of natural polymer used in many industrial fields because of its low cost, availability and biodegradation. Potato starch was modified by esterification with pyromellitic dianhydride, and the products were obtained with crosslinking structures. Orthogonal experiments showed that reactive temperature was the primary influencing factor. The product prepared at 40°C for 3 h with the mass ratio of starch and dianhydride of 16∶1 and pH value of 7.5 exhibited a degree of substitution of 11%. FTIR and UV analysis verified the formation of starch esters.

关键词： potato starch     pyromellitic dianhydride     esterification     crosslink    

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A novel aldo-keto reductase gene,

Jinxi HUO, Bing DU, Sifan SUN, Shaozhen HE, Ning ZHAO, Qingchang LIU, Hong ZHAI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第2期   页码 206-213 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018225

摘要： High concentrations of Cd can inhibit growth and reduce the activity of the photosynthetic apparatus in plants. In several plant species, aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) have been shown to enhance tolerance to various abiotic stresses by scavenging cytotoxic aldehydes; however, few AKRs have been reported to enhance Cd stress tolerance. In this study, the gene was isolated from sweet potato. The relative expression levels of increased significantly (approximately 3-fold) after exposure to 200 mol·L CdCl or 10 mmol·L H O . A subcellular localization assay showed that is predominantly located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. -overexpressing tobacco plants showed higher tolerance to Cd stress than wild-type (WT). Transgenic lines showed a significant ability to scavenge malondialdehyde (MDA) and methylglyoxal (MG). In addition, proline content and superoxide dismutase activity were significantly higher and H O levels were significantly lower in the transgenic plants than in the WT. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging genes encoding guaiacol peroxidase ( ), ascorbate peroxidase ( ), monodehydroascorbate reductase ( ) and peroxidase ( ) were significantly upregulated in transgenic plants compared to WT under Cd stress. These findings suggest that overexpressing enhances tolerance to Cd stress via the scavenging of cytotoxic aldehydes and the activation of the ROS scavenging system.

关键词： cadmium stress     IbAKR     Ipomoea batatas     sweet potato    

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Effects of red and blue LEDs on

Lili CHEN, Xuzhang XUE, Yadong YANG, Fei CHEN, Jie ZHAO, Xiquan WANG, Alam Tariful KHAN, Yuegao HU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第5卷 第2期   页码 197-205 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018224

摘要： The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of red and blue LEDs on growth and microtuberization of potato ( ) single-node cuttings. Explants were incubated under 6 light treatments: 100% red LEDs (R), 75% red LEDs+ 25% blue LEDs (3RB), 50% red LEDs+ 50% blue LEDs (RB), 25% red LEDs+ 75% blue LEDs (R3B), 100% blue LEDs (B) and white LEDs (W). Most of the growth and physiological parameters were significantly higher in 3RB than W. Enhancement of leaf area and chlorophyll concentrations were obtained in B. Leaf stomata were elliptical with the lowest density in 3RB. However, those in W were round in shape, and those with the smallest size and the highest density were observed in R. Most of the characteristics of microtuberization were also improved in 3RB. The combined spectra of red and blue LEDs increased the number of large microtubers. The fresh weight of individual microtubers in R and W were increased, but not their number. These results suggest that, of the treatments assessed, 3RB is optimal for the growth of potato plantlets and the combination of red and blue LEDs is beneficial for microtuberization.

关键词： blue LED     microtuber     plant tissue culture     potato plantlets in vitro     red LED    

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基于RNA的生物防治——一种作物保护新模式 Review

Matthew Bramlett, Geert Plaetinck, Peter Maienfisch

《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第5期   页码 522-527 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.09.008

摘要：

 现代农业企业在保障和提高食品、饲料、纤维和燃料的生产、质量和数量方面发挥着至关重要的作用。人们对化学农药对健康和环境造成影响的日益关注，促使该行业寻求替代性和更环保的方案。在过去的几年中，RNA干扰（RNAi）过程被认为是一种非常有前景的新方法，可作为化学和生物害虫防治剂、植物保护剂等叶面喷施、土壤或种子处理的补充。基于RNA的活性成分（AI）具有独特的作用方式，可以通过基因修饰（GM）和生物防治两种途径来实现。由于基于RNA的AI可利用自然过程来发挥控制作用，同时它们具有高度选择性，降低了非目标生物（NTO）的风险，因此基于RNA的AI有望提供未来作物保护剂所需要的选择性和可持续性。本文讨论了基于RNA的生物防治的替代方案在作物保护中的优势和局限性，以及RNA生物防治科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫（CPB）、玉米根虫（CRW）和大豆臭虫（SSB）的最新研究进展。在实现各种基于RNA的产品及其广泛使用和应用的道路上，仍然存在许多挑战。尽管如此，我们仍可预期到，基于RNA的AI将成为有价值的新工具，以补充当前的农作物保护解决方案。

关键词： 基于RNA的生物防治     RNA干扰（RNAi）     科罗拉多马铃薯甲虫（CPB）     玉米根虫（CRW）     大豆臭虫（SSB）    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

SIMULATION OF O-BLOWN CO-GASIFICATION OF WOOD CHIP AND POTATO PEEL FOR PRODUCING SYNGAS

期刊论文

Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of sweet potato powder for the production of ethanol under

Yinxiu CAO, Hongchi TIAN, Kun YAO, Yingjin YUAN

期刊论文

Comparative transcriptome analysis of purple-fleshed sweet potato provides insights into the molecular

Hongyuan ZHAO, Shanshan ZHANG, Feibing WANG, Ning ZHAO, Shaozhen HE, Qingchang LIU, Hong ZHAI

期刊论文

Development and testing of a weather-based model to determine potential yield losses caused by potato

Alexey FILIPPOV, Maria KUZNETSOVA, Alexander ROGOZHIN, Olga IAKUSHEVA, Valentina DEMIDOVA, Natalia STATSYUK

期刊论文

Preparation of starch esters with crosslinking structures derived from dianhydride

Huijuan CHU, Hongliang WEI, Jing ZHU, Shouyin HU

期刊论文

A novel aldo-keto reductase gene,

Jinxi HUO, Bing DU, Sifan SUN, Shaozhen HE, Ning ZHAO, Qingchang LIU, Hong ZHAI

期刊论文

Effects of red and blue LEDs on

Lili CHEN, Xuzhang XUE, Yadong YANG, Fei CHEN, Jie ZHAO, Xiquan WANG, Alam Tariful KHAN, Yuegao HU

期刊论文

基于RNA的生物防治——一种作物保护新模式

Matthew Bramlett, Geert Plaetinck, Peter Maienfisch

期刊论文