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建筑信息物理模型：一种建筑信息描述新形式

杨启亮,邢建春

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第5期页码 222-232 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.027

摘要： BIPM由建筑基本信息模型、物理模型、交互模型构成，统一了建筑外在几何属性信息、内在物理机理的描述。建筑信息模型（BIM）是目前较为完善的建筑信息描述方法，被视为土木建筑领域重要的技术进展之一，引发了建筑行业生产管理、运维过程的重大变化。

然而，以BIM为代表的建筑信息建模技术，侧重建筑几何数据、空间位置、关系模型、质量属性等静态信息的定义与刻画，是典型的“静态信息模型”，未能体现建筑实体的物理规律融合、动态信息接入^[7]，提出一种建筑信息描述新形式的建筑信息物理模型（BIPM），阐明建筑固有的静态信息模型与动态交互模型、物理规律模型叠加 / 融合的一般性原理、方法和技术，形成建筑物理实体在信息世界中的数字孪生体

BIPM将突破现有BIM技术框架限制，形成自主定义和控制的建筑信息描述新模型，更具有建筑工程领域的具体指向性（见表1），对丰富BIM理论与技术体系、推动建筑领域数字孪生研究具有理论和现实意义。

关键词：建筑信息描述；信息模型技术；建筑信息模型（BIM）；数字孪生；建筑工业软件

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美国绿色BIM应用现状及其对中国建设领域的影响分析

杨宇,尹航

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第8期页码 103-112

摘要：

近年来，绿色BIM（building information modeling）受到美国等发达国家建设领域的广泛关注与重视，多数运用绿色BIM技术的建筑工程项目也获得了能够有效兼顾可持续性与经济性的良好效果。尽管绿色BIM实践中仍存在诸多问题，但绿色BIM已成为建设领域未来发展的必然趋势。笔者基于绿色BIM在美国的应用现状对其在中国建设领域的影响进行了初步分析，分析认为，相较于美国的绿色BIM，中国的绿色BIM起步较晚，技术上也存在巨大差距，在发展过程中，应充分借鉴绿色BIM在美国的成熟实践经验，并结合中国建设领域的特点，形成符合中国国情的绿色BIM操作流程、重视绿色BIM在不同类型建筑工程项目中的运用、重视建筑材料及可再生能源的选择和使用、加强BIM软件及相关技术本土化和政府投入，以有效推动绿色建筑发展

关键词： BIM 绿色BIM 绿色建筑可持续性经济性建设领域

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基于熵模型的大型建筑企业组织结构研究

王兴,詹伟,王国庆

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第10期页码 84-88

摘要：

分析了组织结构对企业管理的重要意义以及组织结构设计与信息传递的关系，基于国内外大型建筑企业组织结构的对比，发现国内外大型建筑企业组织结构的共性与差异提出运用信息熵模型从时效和质量两个方面评价组织结构的有序度，为考查组织信息传递有效性提供了定量方法，据此对日本鹿岛建设集团和中国铁建股份有限公司进行了评价。

关键词：组织结构大型建筑企业信息熵有序度

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高层建筑抗风智能幕墙 Article

丁菲, Ahsan Kareem

《工程（英文）》 2020年第6卷第12期页码 1443-1453 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.020

摘要：

世界各地城市高层建筑的蓬勃发展使人们对其抗风性能提出了新要求。这涉及选择建筑外形使其风荷载最小化和有效传递荷载的结构拓扑形式。现行方法通常是在设计中寻找最优外形，但是会将其限定在静态或固定的建筑形式下。以台北101和哈利法塔的外形设计为例，气动外形修正通过修改建筑物的外观设计在减小风荷载和风致建筑物响应方面有很好的应用前景。在这些建筑物设计中，引入了横截面的倒角调整和锥度设计。除此之外，另一种引人注目的方案是设计一个能适应城市高楼林立复杂风环境变化的建筑，即设计动态立面。建筑形状的自主动态变形超越了传统静态形状优化设计，通过将传感、计算、传动装置和工程信息学融合在一起的信息物理系统而实现，并在本研究中进行了论证。新提出的方法将使建筑物能够智能地改变其轮廓，最大限度减弱动态风荷载激励，并有望通过利用计算设计的迅速发展，推动高层建筑设计从传统的静态立面转变为动态立面。

关键词：高层建筑气动外形修正自主变形信息物理系统计算设计代理模型机器学习

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RFES：一种面向移动Web3D的实时火灾逃生系统 Research Articles

Feng-ting YAN, Yong-hao HU, Jin-yuan JIA, Qing-hua GUO, He-hua ZHU, Zhi-geng PAN

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第8期页码 1061-1074 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700548

摘要：本文集中解决3个关键问题：（1）大型建筑场景数据量大，难以通过互联网传输并在网络终端设备实现可视化；（2）原始火灾动态模拟器烟气数据量大，且实时动态变化，难以通过互联网传输并在网络终端设备实现可视化；（针对以上问题，本文提出3个解决方案：（1）将大型场景模型简化为轻量型场景模型；（2）将动态烟雾简化为轻量级烟雾模型；（3）利用场景模型和烟雾数据建立动态障碍物图，规划最优疏散路径。本文提出一种基于蚁群优化算法（RFES-ACO）的实时消防疏散系统，该算法基于动态信息素重用。仿真结果表明，公众可在移动Web3D设备上实时、顺畅地进行消防疏散演练的交互和体验。

关键词：消防疏散演习；建筑信息建模建筑空间；移动Web3D；基于蚁群优化算法的实时消防疏散系统

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动态热过程分析用建筑几何模型的构建

丁力行,何立群,陈祖铭,刘仙萍,季杰

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第8期页码 88-93

摘要：

建筑墙体表面的太阳直射辐射投影及辐射强度随时间发生很大变化，该变化在已有的动态热过程算法框架内很难直接计算。根据建筑传热模型特点和计算机图形学原理，构建了动态热过程的建筑几何模型，该模型将建筑空间抽象为由矢量平面围成的空间区域的集合；提出了建筑几何模型的核心计算方法，即三维空间内直线与表面的矢量运算。该建筑几何模型能解决建筑动态热过程中直接计算建筑墙体表面之间的太阳直射辐射换热和太阳直射辐射投影等问题，并对空气流通、楼房之间的相互遮阳和光污染等问题的研究也具有实际意义。

关键词：建筑热过程几何模型太阳辐射

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海洋桥梁工程施工技术及装备发展研究

张瑞霞

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第3期页码 5-11 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.03.015

摘要：设置基础及大直径钢桩基础的大型化、装配化及智能化提出研究方向；在海洋桥梁的斜拉桥及悬索桥上部结构方面，就主塔、主梁及索束的结构形式及施工方法重点研究大节段制造运输、自动调整对位安装、结构抗风措施等；在智慧建造方面，提出结合信息化平台及可视化装备进行综合应用性研究

关键词：海洋桥梁设置基础沉井大直径钢桩斜拉桥悬索桥智能化建筑信息模型技术

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Understanding barriers to BIM implementation: Their impact across organizational levels in relation toBIM maturity

Sander SIEBELINK, Hans VOORDIJK, Maaike ENDEDIJK, Arjen ADRIAANSE

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2021年第8卷第2期页码 236-257 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0088-2

摘要： This multiple case study of a contracting firm contributes to understanding the barriers that organizations face during the implementation of building information modeling (BIM) by providing insights into the impact of these barriers across different organizational levels (i.e., from top management to project teams) and by relating these barriers to different degrees of BIM maturity. First, we observe the dominance of barriers related to the motivation, competence, and time capacity of people across all levels of an organization. Second, the cluster of barriers at the middle-management level highlights the important role of this level in reducing these barriers. Third, only those cases with a low level of BIM maturity have struggled with lack of top management support, thereby highlighting the importance of such support in achieving BIM maturity growth. High BIM maturity situations are more prone to externally oriented barriers in attempting to further leverage the benefits of BIM. Our study provides insights on where to focus BIM implementation measures and how to enhance organizational BIM maturity.

关键词： building information modeling implementation barriers maturity organizational levels

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基于物联网和BIM的城市生命线运维管理研究

陈兴海,丁烈云

《中国工程科学》 2014年第16卷第10期页码 89-93

摘要：

分析了城市生命线运维阶段存在的问题，基于物联网和建筑信息模型(BIM）的应用特点，讨论了其在城市生命线运维管理阶段的适应性，提出了基于BIM

关键词：物联网 BIM 城市生命线工程运维管理

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基于人的信息处理模型分析操作人员视觉信息处理过程

金银花,李桢业,古辉,汤一平

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第5期页码 57-61

摘要：

报告了由知觉、思维、运动３个处理器和短期记忆、工作记忆和长期记忆构成的研究用计算机实现人的信息处理模型；把人的信息处理模型安装在一台PC机上，模拟生产操作人员监视锅炉厂模拟机计算机屏幕的过程表明，视觉信息处理过程取决于画面因素、人的身心状态和知觉处理器参数等与实际生产操作人员的行为特征相符。此模型可以用来分析工业生产中人为操作失误的发生机制，以预防和减少事故发生。

关键词：人的信息处理模型知觉处理器视觉信息处理心理状态人为操作失误

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Generic and SME-specific factors that influence the BIM adoption process: an overview that highlights

Elodie HOCHSCHEID, Gilles HALIN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 119-130 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0043-2

摘要： Building information modeling/management (BIM) is an emerging technological and procedural shift in the architecture, engineering, construction and operation industry. In this study, we use an extensive state-of-the-art method to clarify the BIM adoption process and the factors that can influence the success or failure of BIM adoption, particularly during the implementation stage, which are not frequently found in the literature. As an innovation, the lexical field allocated to the spread of innovations is assigned to BIM (diffusion, adoption, and implementation). After recalling the definition of relevant terms and then removing the resulting inconsistencies in vocabularies, we investigate various studies to identify factors that influence BIM adoption and then unify all these studies in one coherent and consistent BIM adoption process model. We focus on factors that play a role in the adoption of BIM in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) because SMEs constitute the majority of companies in the construction sector. This research highlights and intends to fill in some gaps found in the current BIM adoption literature.

关键词： BIM adoption diffusion implementation change management SMEs literature review architecture firms

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Virtual pre-assembly for large steel structures based on BIM, PLP algorithm, and 3D measurement

Ying ZHOU, Wan WANG, Hanbin LUO, Yan ZHANG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第2期页码 207-220 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0016-5

摘要： The current physical pre-assembly method of large steel structures is time consuming and costly and requires large sites. Thus, the pre-assembly of large steel structures in a virtual way, starting from building information modeling (BIM), is an interesting alternative to the physical one. In this study, an innovative method for virtual pre-assembly is proposed on the basis of BIM, plane-line-point algorithm, and 3D measurement. This method determines the optimal analytical least squares of the various built components. The technique verifies the feasibility of the steel structure assembly and the fulfillment of the design geometries, starting from the real data obtained by an accurate metric survey of the fabricated steel elements. The method is applied to a real case, and obtained results largely satisfy the prefixed research objectives. Suggestions to improve the proposed method are also discussed.

关键词： steel structure pre-assembly BIM plane-line-point 3D measurement

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IoT sensor-based BIM system for smart safety barriers of hazardous energy in petrochemical construction

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年第9卷第1期页码 1-15 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0160-6

摘要： The accidental release of hazardous energy is one of the causes of construction site accidents. This risk is considerably increased during petrochemical plant construction because the project itself is complex in terms of process, equipment, and environment. In addition, a general construction safety barrier hardly isolates and controls site hazardous energy effectively. Thus, this study proposes an Internet of Things (IoT) sensor-based building information modeling (BIM) system, which can be regarded as a new smart barrier design method for hazardous energy in petrochemical construction. In this system, BIM is used to support the identification of on-site hazardous energy, whereas IoT is used to collect the location of on-site personnel in real time. A hazardous energy isolation rule is defined to enable the system to generate a smart barrier on the web terminal window, thereby ensuring the safety of on-site person. This system has been applied to a large-scale construction project in Sinopec for one year and accumulated substantial practical data, which supported the idea about the application of sensor and BIM technology in construction. The related effects of the system on hazardous energy management are also presented in this work.

关键词： IoT BIM smart safety barrier hazardous energy management petrochemical construction

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Critical review of studies on building information modeling (BIM) in project management

Albert P. C. CHAN, Xiaozhi MA, Wen YI, Xin ZHOU, Feng XIONG

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 394-406 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018203

摘要：

Building information modeling (BIM) and project management are two major research topics that accommodate large volumes of research efforts. BIM has been interpreted as a process technology that aids in enhancing project management. Hence, the investigation from an interdisciplinary perspective of the two concepts may bring new insights to understanding related research. In this paper, a structural approach is adopted in reviewing BIM studies in project management from 2005 to 2017 within identified target journals. This review aims to classify the major research directions and topics for BIM research in project management. Moreover, given BIM’s potential for application in project management, this paper attempts to establish a fundamental research foundation for a new paradigm of project management that incorporates BIM, namely, BIM-based project management. The preliminary result suggests that BIM research in project management develops drastically in the examined duration. The research directions of BIM studies in project management include enabling BIM as a technology in project management; BIM application as a solution for specific project management scopes; integration issues of BIM that have been brought to project management; institutional environment and regulatory governance of BIM in realizing project management strategies; and analysis of effects and strategies of BIM adoption and implementation in projects. The directions and trends are then analyzed to develop a research route for BIM studies in project management. Finally, conclusions focus on the relations of the research directions, as well as the contributions and theoretical implications of this review. Future research areas are also recommended.

关键词： building information modeling (BIM) project management review BIM-based project management

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Development of a BIM-based holonic system for real-time monitoring of building operational efficiency

Alessandro CARBONARI, Leonardo MESSI, Berardo NATICCHIA, Massimo VACCARINI, Massimiliano PIRANI

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2020年第7卷第1期页码 89-103 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0037-0

摘要： In the wide context of facility management, several processes, such as operations, maintenance, retrofitting, and renovations, ensure that buildings comply with the principles of efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and indoor comfort. Apart from ordinary operation, facility management is responsible for the renovation of and long-term performance improvement of building facilities. In such a scenario, the cyber–physical system (CPS) paradigm with holonic architecture, which is the focus of this study, can successfully guide the operation management and long-term refurbishment processes of buildings. Analogous to the manufacturing field, the developed CPS maximizes holons’ self-configuration and self-organization and overall throughput effectiveness metrics to detect the best corrective actions toward system improvements. Consequently, suggestions and lessons learned from the evaluation of building efficiency are redirected to the building information model. Hence, the digital model acts as a repository of currently available equipment for operations management and the history of diagnoses that support decision-making during the maintenance, retrofitting, and renovation processes. Evidently, the repeated detection of a specific issue, which is unaffected by operations management, should be considered an opportunity to act and enhance the performances of existing building components. Similar to a goods-producing industry, the building management system developed in this study applies the aforementioned methodology to provide services related to indoor comfort and building health. This approach indicates that a method for automatic real-time diagnosis is tested in a case study consisting of a multi-use and large public building. The current paper, which is an extended version of the one presented in the Creative Construction Conference 2018, deepens the decision support tool and the supervision policy. Moreover, the developed system is contextualized by providing an example of use case and highlighting the step forward in the field of smart buildings.

关键词： BIM building management system cyber-physical system facility management holonic system