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The critical importance of epigenetics in autoimmune-related skin diseases
Frontiers of Medicine 2023, Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 43-57 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0980-8
Keywords: epigenetics autoimmune-related skin diseases DNA methylation histone modifications noncoding RNAs
Proteins moonlighting in tumor metabolism and epigenetics
Lei Lv, Qunying Lei
Frontiers of Medicine 2021, Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 383-403 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0818-1
Keywords: moonlighting function tumor metabolism epigenetics
Characterization of chromatin accessibility in psoriasis
Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 483-495 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0872-3
Keywords: psoriasis ATAC-seq epigenetics transcription factor
Non-genetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy
Qiuxia Han, Hanyu Zhu, Xiangmei Chen, Zhangsuo Liu
Frontiers of Medicine 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3, Pages 319-332 doi: 10.1007/s11684-017-0569-9
Keywords: nephropathy immune inflammatory response epithelial–mesenchymal transition apoptosis mitochondrial damage epigenetics
Pharmacogenomics can improve antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia
Qingqing Xu, Xi Wu, Yuyu Xiong, Qinghe Xing, Lin He, Shengying Qin
Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 180-190 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0249-3
Keywords: pharmacogenomics epigenetics schizophrenia antipsychotics
The value of epigenetic markers in esophageal cancer
Xiao-Mei ZHANG, Ming-Zhou GUO,
Frontiers of Medicine 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages 378-384 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0230-3
Keywords: epigenetics DNA methylation esophageal cancer dysplasia
RNA m6A modification and its function in diseases
Jiyu Tong, Richard A. Flavell, Hua-Bing Li
Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4, Pages 481-489 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0654-8
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common post-transcriptional RNA modification throughout the transcriptome, affecting fundamental aspects of RNA metabolism. m6A modification could be installed by m6A “writers” composed of core catalytic components (METTL3/METTL14/WTAP) and newly defined regulators and removed by m6A “erasers” (FTO and ALKBH5). The function of m6A is executed by m6A “readers” that bind to m6A directly (YTH domain-containing proteins, eIF3 and IGF2BPs) or indirectly (HNRNPA2B1). In the past few years, advances in m6A modulators (“writers,” “erasers,” and “readers”) have remarkably renewed our understanding of the function and regulation of m6A in different cells under normal or disease conditions. However, the mechanism and the regulatory network of m6A are still largely unknown. Moreover, investigations of the m6A physiological roles in human diseases are limited. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in m6A research and highlight the functional relevance and importance of m6A modification in in vitro cell lines, in physiological contexts, and in cancers.
Keywords: RNA modification m6A immunity cancer epigenetics
Epigenetic dysregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma: focus on polycomb group proteins
Sandy Leung-Kuen Au, Irene Oi-Lin Ng, Chun-Ming Wong
Frontiers of Medicine 2013, Volume 7, Issue 2, Pages 231-241 doi: 10.1007/s11684-013-0253-7
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development is characterized by the presence of epigenetic alterations, including promoter DNA hypermethylation and post-translational modifications of histone, which profoundly affect expression of a wide repertoire of genes critical for cancer development. Emerging data suggest that deregulation of polycomb group (PcG) proteins, which are key chromatin modifiers repressing gene transcription during developmental stage, plays a causative role in oncogenesis. PcG proteins assemble into polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) to impose the histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) modification for repression. In this review, we will first recapitulate the mechanisms of two key epigenetic pathways: DNA methylation and histone modifications. Specifically, we will focus our discussion on the molecular roles of PcG proteins. Next, we will highlight recent findings on PcG proteins, their clinicopathological implication and their downstream molecular consequence in hepatocarcinogenesis. Last but not least, we will consider the therapeutic potential of targeting enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) as a possible treatment for HCC. Improving our understanding on the roles of PcG proteins in hepatocarcinogenesis can benefit the development of epigenetic-based therapy.
Keywords: liver cancer epigenetics histone modifications polycomb group proteins enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2
Jiahui Xu, Qianqian Wang, Elaine Lai Han Leung, Ying Li, Xingxing Fan, Qibiao Wu, Xiaojun Yao, Liang Liu
Frontiers of Medicine 2020, Volume 14, Issue 1, Pages 60-67 doi: 10.1007/s11684-019-0694-8
Keywords: BPTF small molecule epigenetics non-small-cell lung cancer
Transcription Factors HNF1A, HNF4A, and FOXA2 Regulate Hepatic Cell Protein N-Glycosylation Article
Vedrana Vičić Bočkor,Nika Foglar,Goran Josipović,Marija Klasić,Ana Vujić,Branimir Plavša,Toma Keser,Samira Smajlović,Aleksandar Vojta,Vlatka Zoldoš
Engineering 2024, Volume 32, Issue 1, Pages 58-69 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.09.019
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha (HNF1A), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A), and forkhead box protein A2 (FOXA2) are key transcription factors that regulate a complex gene network in the liver, creating a regulatory transcriptional loop. The Encode and ChIP-Atlas databases identify the recognition sites of these transcription factors in many glycosyltransferase genes. Our in silico analysis of HNF1A, HNF4A, and FOXA2 binding to the 10 candidate glyco-genes studied in this work confirms a significant enrichment of these transcription factors specifically in the liver. Our previous studies identified HNF1A as a master regulator of fucosylation, glycan branching, and galactosylation of plasma glycoproteins. Here, we aimed to functionally validate the role of the three transcription factors on downstream glyco-gene transcriptional expression and the possible effect on glycan phenotype. We used the state-of-the-art clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/dead Cas9 (CRISPR/dCas9) molecular tool for the downregulation of the HNF1A, HNF4A, and FOXA2 genes in HepG2 cells—a human liver cancer cell line. The results show that the downregulation of all three genes individually and in pairs affects the transcriptional activity of many glyco-genes, although downregulation of glyco-genes was not always followed by an unambiguous change in the corresponding glycan structures. The effect is better seen as an overall change in the total HepG2 N-glycome, primarily due to the extension of biantennary glycans. We propose an alternative way to evaluate the N-glycome composition via estimating the overall complexity of the glycome by quantifying the number of monomers in each glycan structure. We also propose a model showing feedback loops with the mutual activation of HNF1A–FOXA2 and HNF4A–FOXA2 affecting glyco-genes and protein glycosylation in HepG2 cells.
Keywords: Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/dead Cas9 (CRISPR/dCas9) Epigenetics Hepatocyte
Title Author Date Type Operation
Non-genetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy
Qiuxia Han, Hanyu Zhu, Xiangmei Chen, Zhangsuo Liu
Journal Article
Pharmacogenomics can improve antipsychotic treatment in schizophrenia
Qingqing Xu, Xi Wu, Yuyu Xiong, Qinghe Xing, Lin He, Shengying Qin
Journal Article
RNA m6A modification and its function in diseases
Jiyu Tong, Richard A. Flavell, Hua-Bing Li
Journal Article
Epigenetic dysregulation in hepatocellular carcinoma: focus on polycomb group proteins
Sandy Leung-Kuen Au, Irene Oi-Lin Ng, Chun-Ming Wong
Journal Article
Compound C620-0696, a new potent inhibitor targeting BPTF, the chromatin-remodeling factor in non-small-cell lung cancer
Jiahui Xu, Qianqian Wang, Elaine Lai Han Leung, Ying Li, Xingxing Fan, Qibiao Wu, Xiaojun Yao, Liang Liu
Journal Article