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Solvent-Less Vapor-Phase Fabrication of Membranes for Sustainable Separation Processes Perspective
Junjie Zhao, Karen K. Gleason
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 12, Pages 1432-1442 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.05.002
Sustainable processes for purifying water, capturing carbon, producing biofuels, operating fuel cells, and performing energy-efficient industrial separations will require next-generation membranes. Solvent-less fabrication for membranes not only eliminates potential environmental issues with organic solvents, but also solves the swelling problems that occur with delicate polymer substrates. Furthermore, the activation procedures often required for synthesizing microporous materials such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) can be reduced when solvent-less vapor-phase approaches are employed. This perspective covers several vacuum deposition processes, including initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD), initiated plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (iPECVD), solvent-less vapor deposition followed by in situ polymerization (SLIP), atomic layer deposition (ALD), and molecular layer deposition (MLD). These solvent-less vapor-phase methods are powerful in creating ultrathin selective layers for thin-film composite membranes and advantageous in conformally coating nanoscale pores for the precise modification of pore size and internal functionalities. The resulting membranes have shown promising performance for gas separation, nanofiltration, desalination, and water/oil separation. Further development of novel membrane materials and the scaling up of high-throughput reactors for solvent-less vapor-phase processes are necessary in order to make a real impact on the chemical industry in the future.
Keywords： Membrane separation Chemical vapor deposition Atomic layer deposition Molecular layer deposition Thin films Metal–organic frameworks Polymers Advanced manufacturing
Chen Rong: Manufacturing Method and Application of Atomic Layer Deposition（2020.1.10）
陈蓉(高级职称)
13 Mar 2020
Keywords： 原子层沉积
Hu Dongsheng,Hu Rong,Li Xiaoyu,Hu Wenxuan,Wang Xulong,Tian Xinhong,Liu Weiguo,Zhang Guowei
Strategic Study of CAE 2012, Volume 14, Issue 11, Pages 36-43
On the distance science review of the Lushan region, the particular researched for the geologic stratum section of Late Quaternary Period in the Lushan Dajiaochang area. This introduced or with the ancient terrestrial magnetism, and electronics spin resonance (ESR) and 36Cl, and luminescence dating etc. of various instrument of the dating method are analysis, they constituted the whole geologic strata of the complete section from the series age data that since 400 Ka.B.P., there be opposite to with it identified out the Biwa-III (320 Ka.B.P.) event, and the Biwa-II (260 Ka.B.P.) event, and the Biwa-I (180 Ka.B.P.) event (the molest influence of the iron dish is scarcity), and the Blake (100 Ka.B.P.) event, and the Laschamp (20 Ka.B.P.) event (the activity influence of the surface layer is not growth) etc. of events of ancient terrestrial magnetism. That also combined the layer sequence geologic strata and the layer type characteristics and sink to cumulate the sediment environment, by early to night for thedivided to 4 developmentic gyrational stages the section geologic strata: the I stage is climate period of the glacial epoch (400~200 Ka.B.P.), the II stage is climate period of the interglacial epoch (200~100 Ka.B.P.), the III stage is climate period of the glacial marginal epoch (100~10 Ka.B.P.), the IV stage is climate period of the post glacial epoch (10~0 Ka.B.P.).
Keywords： sediment of late quaternary period various dating data layer type sequence and synthesis age gyrational stages of sediments Dajiaochang area of Lushan in China
Petroleum geology and exploration for volcanic reservoirs in the sedimentary basins of China
Zhang Guangya,Zou Caineng,Zhu Rukai,Yuan Xuanjun,Zhao Xia
Strategic Study of CAE 2010, Volume 12, Issue 5, Pages 30-38
Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Beijing 100083, China)[Abstract]Carboniferour-Permian, Jurassic-Cretaceous and Paleogene-Neogene volcanic reservoirs have acted as the exploration play in China. Volcanic reservoirs located near the source rocks are the most beneficial for hydrocarbon accumulation, so the hydrocarbon-generation centers control the hydrocarbon distribution, and the volcanic reservoirs located far from the source rocks need through faults and the discomformities surfaces. The lava, volcanic breccia and volcanics located in weathered crust are the dominant reservoirs. In the rift basins of eastern China, volcanic reservoirs are mainly composed of lithologic and structural-lithological type and are formed near the source rock centers; in the basins of central and western China, volcanic reservoirs formed near or far from the source rocks, and stratigraphic reservoirs are formed along the uncomformity surfaces.
Keywords： volcanic reservoir volcanic facies key factors controlling the reservoir formation
Design techniques of high effective wells in Puguang Gas Field
He Shenghou,Kong Fanqun,Wang Shouping,Zeng Daqian
Strategic Study of CAE 2010, Volume 12, Issue 10, Pages 24-28
So far Puguang Gas Field is the largest marine gas field in China, which is characterized by high H2S content, ultra depth, strong heterogeneity of reservoir and complicated gas-water relations. There was no precedent for successfully exploiting analogous gas fields in China. During the development and construction of Puguang Gas Field, design of development wells were optimized and some wells with high productivity were breeded via real-time tracking of data of new wells, continuous research on sedimentary microfacies, reservoir prediction and gas-bearing prediction. As a result, a series of design techniques of high effective wells are formed gradually, which provide strong technical supports for high efficient development of Puguang Gas Field.
Keywords： carbonate sedimentary microfacies reservoir prediction gas-bearing prediction high effective wells design
Sediment quality risk assessment in Liaohe River basin
Qin Yanwen,Han Chaonan,Zheng Binghui,Zhang Lei,Cao Wei
Strategic Study of CAE 2013, Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 19-25
56 surface sediment samples were collected from Hunhe River, Taizi River, Dahuofang Reservoir in Liaohe River basin. Sediment quality criteria for heavy metals in Liaohe River basin were established by Equilibrium Partitioning(EqP) approach which was modified by author, the SQC (base on CCC) of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd were 75.26 μg/g, 25.72 μg/g 255.96 μg/g and 2.52 μg/g. Based on heavy metal acute and chronic aquatic toxicity, three grades sediment quality standards for heavy metal in Liaohe River basin were set and sediment pollution index (SPI) that a new assessing method was created accordingly. The author applied the established standards of Liaohe River basin to assess the sediment quality by SPI method, results showed that sediment quality in the middle and lower streams of Hunhe River, up and middle streams of Taizi River, middle and end of Dahuofang Reservoir were middle risk which meant that benthic survived in such heavy metal pollution sediment would suffer slight chronic toxicity effect of heavy metal. Hongtoushan Copper Mine that in the middle stream of Hunhe River and Shenyang Industry in the upstream of Xi River made extremely high sediment risk for discharging much wastewater to Liaohe River basin.
Keywords： sediment quality risk assessment sediment quality criteria sediment quality standard sediment pollution index heavy metal
Relationship Between Physical Properties of Precious Metals and Atomic Structure
Chen Jing
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 7, Pages 66-73
Through arranging the physical properties of the eight precious metals in accordance with their positions in the Periodic Table, three laws can be obtained： their atomic radii are close to each other and the density and specific heat nearly obey the relation of multiple proportions; melting point, boiling point, hardness and other mechanic properties vary linearly; electrical conductivity and heat conductivity vary irregularly. The cause of these three laws is analyzed by aid of the valence bond theory on the basis of atomic structure characteristics.
Keywords： precious metals physical properties atomic structure
Du Heng
Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 46-50
In this thesis, general situation of detection and significance of research to heliosphere are introduced. Important function of solar-terrestrial space process in space environment prediction is discussed. Ability insufficiency in heliosphere detection is also analyzed.
Keywords： heliosphere interplanetary space detection
Study on Electrodeposited Zn-Fe-SiO2 Composite Coatings
Zhang Yingjie,Fan Yunying,Dong Peng,Luo Shaolin
Strategic Study of CAE 2008, Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 93-96
Experiments on electrodeposited Zn-Fe-SiO2 composite coatings are reported.Effects of current density, distance between electrodes, stir, number and distributing pattern of anodes and additives on the appearance of coatings are discussed, and the technical targets of the experiment are given. The results show that stability of technics is satisfactory.The maintenance operation is convenient, and the process is innocuous and safe.
Keywords： electrodeposition composite coating Zn-Fe-SiO2
Study of the Behaviour of Precious Metals in Metallurgy Processes in Terms of Atomic Structure
Chen Jing
Strategic Study of CAE 1999, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 34-40
The differences of chemical characteristics of Fe, Co, Ni, Cu 3d and other eight precious metal elements in M group and Ⅷ group, together with that of precious metal elements of Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag 4d and Os, Ir, Pt, Au, 5d were analyzed in terms of atomic structure. This paper stated that their chemical stability increased from the left side to the right when transverse comparison was conducted and the chemical stability rank occurred as 3d≤4d＜5d when longitudinal comparison was carried out. From the practice of extraction metallurgy of precious metals from copper-sulphide nickel ores, the paper discussed the behaviour of precious metal elements in thermometallurgical processes such as baking-reduction smelting-oxygen blasting and hydrometallurgical processes such as electrolytic concentration, sulphuric acidification of anode slime, wet chloridification, pressured oxidification and optional reduction.
Keywords： atomic structure precious metals extractive metallurgy
Liu Jianhong: Synthesis, Preparation and Application of Monoatomic Layer Graphene (2019-7-6)
刘剑洪(高级职称)
20 Jan 2021
Keywords： 颠覆性技术
Fan Liangzao,Feng Guangzeng
Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 2, Pages 58-67
A new interpretation of Planck's constant and wave-particle duality was formed based on the micro-photon theory. From experimental data on hydrogen spectral lines, it is found there is an invariant ζ= Nλ which suggests that an energy unit of a photon hf contains N micro-photons of equal mass,whereλis the distance interval between two adjacent micro-photons and f represents the number of micro-photons emitted per unit time.By using micro-photon theory to calculate the velocity of light,it is found that c=fλ is really an invariant constant with whatever inertial reference frame.The conclusion is that the principle of light velocity being invariant by Einstlein is not a hypothesis, but really a fact.
Keywords： photon wave-particle duality atomic spectrum Planck's constant special relativity
The relativistic effect and application of atomic mass
Zhu Zhenghe,Fu Yibei,Meng Daqiao,Kang Yongjian
Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 1, Pages 21-24
The present work devotes to the calculation of relativistic and non-relativistic electronic state and energy for atoms C, O, S, Se, Te, Sm and Pu. In comparison between the relativistic and non-relativistic electronic energy,it is concluded that if energy difference of relativistic and non-relativistic electronic energy for O atom is supposed as unit, then there will be 17.5,479,6 781 and 46 166 for S,Se,Sm and Pu ,respectively. The energy difference of relativistic and non-relativistic electronic energy for Pu is about 8.72 % of its total energy. Therefore, it is quite necessary to calculate heavy atoms using relativistic theory.
Keywords： Dirac theory relativistic effect of atomic mass samarium and plutonium
High-Throughput Multi-Plume Pulsed-Laser Deposition for Materials Exploration and Optimization Article
Samuel S. Mao,Xiaojun Zhang
Engineering 2015, Volume 1, Issue 3, Pages 367-371 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015065
A high-throughput multi-plume pulsed-laser deposition (MPPLD) system has been demonstrated and compared to previous techniques. Whereas most combinatorial pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) systems have focused on achieving thickness uniformity using sequential multilayer deposition and masking followed by post-deposition annealing, MPPLD directly deposits a compositionally varied library of compounds using the directionality of PLD plumes and the resulting spatial variations of deposition rate. This system is more suitable for high-throughput compound thin-film fabrication.
Keywords： pulsed-laser deposition high-throughput
Cai Anhui,Pan Ye,Sun Guoxiong
Strategic Study of CAE 2004, Volume 6, Issue 7, Pages 81-87
Three physical parameters such as the difference in atomic size ratios (△d), the difference of atomic electronegativity ratios (△e) and the ion ratio (v) were calculated by using the weighted average principle on the basis of the present BMG. The critical cooling velocity for forming glass (Rc) of the bulk metallic glass (BMG) was applied as the target parameter for the evaluation of the glass forming ability (GFA). The relation between the three related parameters and Rc was determined by using Origin, the results showed that a minimum was found in the relations between Rc and △d， △e and v，and for different alloy systems, the minimum positions were different one another. As for the BMG with higher GFA, the relations among atom percent, the difference of atomic size ratios and the difference of atomic electronegativity ratios between atom pairs were harmonious. The optimum compositional range of BMG and the optimum addition ratio of additive elements may be related to the minimum phenomena of the relation between three related parameters and Rc.
Keywords： chemical bond parameters difference of atomic size ratio bulk metallic glasses glass forming ability weighted averages principle
Title Author Date Type Operation
Solvent-Less Vapor-Phase Fabrication of Membranes for Sustainable Separation Processes
Junjie Zhao, Karen K. Gleason
Journal Article
Chen Rong: Manufacturing Method and Application of Atomic Layer Deposition（2020.1.10）
陈蓉(高级职称)
13 Mar 2020
Conference Videos
The age measurese and its layer sequence stratigraphy of Late Quaternary sediment in Lushan Dajiaochang of China
Hu Dongsheng,Hu Rong,Li Xiaoyu,Hu Wenxuan,Wang Xulong,Tian Xinhong,Liu Weiguo,Zhang Guowei
Journal Article
Petroleum geology and exploration for volcanic reservoirs in the sedimentary basins of China
Zhang Guangya,Zou Caineng,Zhu Rukai,Yuan Xuanjun,Zhao Xia
Journal Article
Design techniques of high effective wells in Puguang Gas Field
He Shenghou,Kong Fanqun,Wang Shouping,Zeng Daqian
Journal Article
Sediment quality risk assessment in Liaohe River basin
Qin Yanwen,Han Chaonan,Zheng Binghui,Zhang Lei,Cao Wei
Journal Article
Relationship Between Physical Properties of Precious Metals and Atomic Structure
Chen Jing
Journal Article
Study on Electrodeposited Zn-Fe-SiO2 Composite Coatings
Zhang Yingjie,Fan Yunying,Dong Peng,Luo Shaolin
Journal Article
Study of the Behaviour of Precious Metals in Metallurgy Processes in Terms of Atomic Structure
Chen Jing
Journal Article
Liu Jianhong: Synthesis, Preparation and Application of Monoatomic Layer Graphene (2019-7-6)
刘剑洪(高级职称)
20 Jan 2021
Conference Videos
The relativistic effect and application of atomic mass
Zhu Zhenghe,Fu Yibei,Meng Daqiao,Kang Yongjian
Journal Article
High-Throughput Multi-Plume Pulsed-Laser Deposition for Materials Exploration and Optimization
Samuel S. Mao,Xiaojun Zhang
Journal Article
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