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A creative concept for designing and simulating quaternary logic gates in quantum-dot cellular automata Research Articles

Alireza Navidi, Reza Sabbaghi-Nadooshan, Massoud Dousti,alireza.navidi@srbiau.ac.ir,r_sabbaghi@iauctb.ac.ir,m_dousti@srbiau.ac.ir

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 11,   Pages 1441-1550 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000590

Abstract: New technologies such as have been showing some remarkable characteristics that standard complementary-metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) in deep sub-micron cannot afford. Modeling systems and designing multiple-valued logic gates with QCA have advantages that facilitate the design of complicated logic circuits. In this paper, we propose a novel creative concept for . The concept has been set in , the new simulator developed by our team exclusively for QCAs’ quaternary mode. Proposed basic gates such as MIN, MAX, and different types of inverters (SQI, PQI, NQI, and IQI) have been designed and verified by . This study will exemplify how fast and accurately works by its handy set of CAD tools. A 1×4 decoder is presented using our proposed main gates. Preference points such as the minimum delay, area, and complexity have been achieved in this work. QQCA main logic gates are compared with based on carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNFET). The results show that the proposed design is more efficient in terms of latency and energy consumption.

Keywords： 量子点细胞自动机（QCA）；四值逻辑；量子点细胞自动模拟器（QCASim）；四值QCA（QQCA）；四值译码器；四值门    

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Binary neural networks for speech recognition Regular Papers

Yan-min QIAN, Xu XIANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 5,   Pages 701-715 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800469

Abstract:

Recently, deep neural networks (DNNs) significantly outperform Gaussian mixture models in acoustic modeling for speech recognition. However, the substantial increase in computational load during the inference stage makes deep models difficult to directly deploy on low-power embedded devices. To alleviate this issue, structure sparseness and low precision fixed-point quantization have been applied widely. In this work, binary neural networks for speech recognition are developed to reduce the computational cost during the inference stage. A fast implementation of binary matrix multiplication is introduced. On modern central processing unit (CPU) and graphics processing unit (GPU) architectures, a 5–7 times speedup compared with full precision floatingpoint matrix multiplication can be achieved in real applications. Several kinds of binary neural networks and related model optimization algorithms are developed for large vocabulary continuous speech recognition acoustic modeling. In addition, to improve the accuracy of binary models, knowledge distillation from the normal full precision floating-point model to the compressed binary model is explored. Experiments on the standard Switchboard speech recognition task show that the proposed binary neural networks can deliver 3–4 times speedup over the normal full precision deep models. With the knowledge distillation from the normal floating-point models, the binary DNNs or binary convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can restrict the word error rate (WER) degradation to within 15.0%, compared to the normal full precision floating-point DNNs or CNNs, respectively. Particularly for the binary CNN with binarization only on the convolutional layers, the WER degradation is very small and is almost negligible with the proposed approach.

Keywords： Speech recognition     Binary neural networks     Binary matrix multiplication     Knowledge distillation     Population count    

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Stochastic Earned Duration Analysis for Project Schedule Management Review

Fernando Acebes,David Poza,José Manuel González-Varona,Adolfo López-Paredes

Engineering 2022, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 148-162 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.07.019

Abstract:

Earned duration management (EDM) is a methodology for project schedule management (PSM) that can be considered an alternative to earned value management (EVM). EDM provides an estimation of deviations in schedule and a final project duration estimation. There is a key difference between EDM and EVM: In EDM, the value of activities is expressed as work periods; whereas in EVM, value is expressed in terms of cost. In this paper, we present how EDM can be applied to monitor and control stochastic projects. To explain the methodology, we use a real case study with a project that presents a high level of uncertainty and activities with random durations. We analyze the usability of this approach according to the activities network topology and compare the EVM and earned schedule methodology (ESM) for PSM.

Keywords： Earned duration management     Earned value management     Stochastic project control     Duration forecasting     Uncertainty    

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Sampling formulas for 2D quaternionic signals associated with various quaternion Fourier and linear canonical transforms Research Articles

Xiaoxiao HU, Dong CHENG, Kit Ian KOU,huxiaoxiao3650@163.com

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 3,   Pages 463-478 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000499

Abstract: The main purpose of this paper is to study different types of sampling formulas of quaternionic functions, which are bandlimited under various quaternion Fourier and linear canonical transforms. We show that the quaternionic bandlimited functions can be reconstructed from their samples as well as the samples of their derivatives and Hilbert transforms. In addition, the relationships among different types of sampling formulas under various transforms are discussed. First, if the quaternionic function is bandlimited to a rectangle that is symmetric about the origin, then the sampling formulas under various are identical. If this rectangle is not symmetric about the origin, then the sampling formulas under various are different from each other. Second, using the relationship between the two-sided quaternion Fourier transform and the linear canonical transform, we derive sampling formulas under various . Third, of these sampling formulas are estimated. Finally, some simulations are provided to show how the sampling formulas can be used in applications.

Keywords： Quaternion Fourier transforms     Quaternion linear canonical transforms     Sampling theorem     Quaternion partial and total Hilbert transforms     Generalized quaternion partial and total Hilbert transforms     Truncation errors    

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Proximal policy optimization with an integral compensator for quadrotor control Research

Huan Hu, Qing-ling Wang,qlwang@seu.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 5,   Pages 649-808 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900641

Abstract: We use the advanced (PPO) algorithm to optimize the stochastic control strategy to achieve speed control of the “model-free” quadrotor. The model is controlled by four learned s, which directly map the system states to control commands in an end-to-end style. By introducing an integral compensator into the actor-critic framework, the speed tracking accuracy and robustness have been greatly enhanced. In addition, a two-phase learning scheme which includes both offline- and online-learning is developed for practical use. A model with strong generalization ability is learned in the offline phase. Then, the flight policy of the model is continuously optimized in the online learning phase. Finally, the performances of our proposed algorithm are compared with those of the traditional PID algorithm.

Keywords： 强化学习；近端策略优化；四旋翼控制；神经网络    

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Li Siguang and China's Big Discovery of Petroleum

Zhao Wenjing

Strategic Study of CAE 2005, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 26-34

Abstract:

The article reviewed the objective experience of petroleum prospecting and exploitation and the development of oil industry in China. It pointed out, with full historical materials, that Li Siguang made irreplaceable contribution to China's big discovery of petroleum.

Keywords： Li Siguang     China's oil resource     China's big discovery and development of petroleum    

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The Optimal Control Model of Reservoir Operations andSolving With Maximum Principle

Fang Qiang,Wang Xianjia, Fang Debin

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 4,   Pages 55-59

Abstract:

This paper tries to describe the continuous transformation characteristic of reservoir operations with optimal control theory. After constructing the optimal control model of reservoir o perations, the paper presents the necessary condition of optimal control of reservoir operations using maximum principle and analyzes the characteristic and concrete expression of optimal control strategy of reservoir operations in different conditions and environment. At last, an analysis of a numerical example is presented and the results indicate the approach is valid.

Keywords： water conservancy management     optimal control model     maximum principle     reservoiroperations    

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Emergy evaluation of Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther in industrial recirculating aquaculture

Wang Feng and Lei Jilin

Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 1,   Pages 4-10

Abstract:

In order to preferably evaluate breeding effect and environmental sustainability of recirculating aquaculture mode， the emergy flow chart of Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther in industrial recirculating aquaculture was built to analyze the emergy of different parts in the aquaculture mode. The results showed that： The environment emergy input occupied only 1.08 %， emergy yield ratio (EYR) was 2.433， emergy loading ratio (ELR) was 0.313 4， and emergy sustainable index (ESI) was 7.763， indicating that agricultural production was promoted to the level of industrialization with the use of this kind of aquaculture mode， which gains highly developed economic system and higher production efficiency； meanwhile， this kind of aquaculture mode greatly alleviates the pressure of environment and gains higher sustainability and carrying capacity.

Keywords： Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther     recirculating aquaculture     aquaculture mode     environmental sustainability     emergy    

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The Formation of Tetraploid Hybrids of Common Carp with Red Crucian Carp and the Evolutionary Significance of Tetraploidization in Vertebrate

Liu Shaojun,Cao Yunzhang,He Xiaoxiao,Li Jianzhong,Liu Yun

Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 12,   Pages 33-41

Abstract:

In this paper, the number and karyotype of chromosomes, DNA content, the mean nuclear erythrocyte volume, gonads and gametes, embryo development, the mechanism of the tetraploid formation, and the appearance in tetraploid hybrid stocks of the red crucian carp (♀）× common carp (♂）were described. The tetraploid hybrids with stable genetic characteristics were inherited from F3 to F11 and a large population of tetraploid fish had been formed. The tetraploid hybrids were essentially different from their parents-red crucian carp and common carp in chromosome number, reproduction and appearance. Based on the genetic characteristics, the bisexual fertility and reproductive isolation, the tetraploid stocks had possessed the good base to form a new tetraploid species in the future. The formation of the new tetraploid stocks had great significance both in the evolutionary theory of vertebrate and in the production application.

Keywords： allotetraploid     triploid     diploid gamete     evolution    

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On-Line Supervisory Technology for Q-Factor in the Optical Supervisory Channel of Optical Transport Network

Tang Yong,Sun Xiaohan,Zhang Mingde,Ding Dong

Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 12,   Pages 71-75

Abstract:

In this paper, a hierarchical model of the optical transport network (OTN) with an optical supervisory channel (OSC) subsystem is discussed, and that the reliability of operation, administration and management (OAM) signals is rested with the quality of signals transported in OSC is indicated by analyzing the charac-teristics of signals in OSC. Basing on the one-to-one correspondence of Q-factor with bit-error-ratio (BER) in data communication systems, an on-line supervisory scheme for Q-factor of signals in OSC is presented, and the supervisory module by a digital signal processor (DSP) approach is designed to implement on-line supervision for Q-factor.

Keywords： optical transport network (OTN)     optical supervisory channel (OSC)     OAM     Q-factor supervision    

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Structural design and construction of catway for the Fourth Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge

Luan Changhua, Shen Bin

Strategic Study of CAE 2013, Volume 15, Issue 8,   Pages 48-53

Abstract:

The Fourth Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is a two-tower, three-span suspension bridge with the main span of 1 418 m, where in the catway with no wind cable and no vibration suppression mechanism for construction of the superstructure is a three-span continuous catway system. Structural design, erection, adjustment and demolition of the catway are systematically described in detail in this paper, which could provide great reference for catway structural design and construction of similar suspension bridges.

Keywords： the Fourth Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge     catway structural design     catway erection     catway adjustment     catway demolition    

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A novel multiple-outlier-robust Kalman filter Research Articles

Yulong HUANG, Mingming BAI, Yonggang ZHANG,heuedu@163.com,mingming.bai@hrbeu.edu.cn,zhangyg@hrbeu.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 3,   Pages 422-437 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000642

Abstract: This paper presents a novel multiple-outlier-robust Kalman filter (MORKF) for linear stochastic discrete-time systems. A new is first proposed to evaluate the similarity between two random vectors from dimension to dimension. Then, the proposed MORKF is derived via maximizing a based cost function. The MORKF guarantees the convergence of iterations in mild conditions, and the boundedness of the approximation errors is analyzed theoretically. The selection strategy for the similarity function and comparisons with existing robust methods are presented. Simulation results show the advantages of the proposed filter.

Keywords： Kalman filtering     Multiple statistical similarity measure     Multiple outliers     Fixed-point iteration     State estimate    

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Measurement of the normal fetal cardiovascular diameters by echocardiography during the second trimester in Ningxia

Ji Xueqin,Ding Lili,Suo Yaoyu,Shi Ruixian, Liu Yanxiang,Chen Yaoping

Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 6,   Pages 77-81

Abstract:

To determine the normal range of the inner diameters of the anatomical structures in the fetal cardiovascular system during the second trimester in Ningxia and to investigate their variation with gestational age. Routine echocardiography was performed for 1 247 normal fetuses during the second trimester (22~28 weeks) to determine the inner diameters of the atrium, ventricle, foramen ovale, aorta, pulmonary artery, left/right pulmonary artery, aortic isthmus, descending aorta, and ductus arteriosus. Measurement data were grouped by gestational age, and the correlation between the measurement data and gestational age was investigated. The inner diameters of the fetal atria, ventricles, and great vessels increased with gestational age and were significantly associated with gestational age (P < 0.05). In Ningxia, determining the normal range of fetal cardiovascular diameters during the second trimester allows the evaluation of fetal cardiovascular system development and provides an important basis for the accurate identification of fetal congenital heart disease.

Keywords： fetal heart     ultrasound     normal range    

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A Pareto Strength SCE-UA Algorithm for ReservoirOptimization Operation

Lin Jianyi,Cheng Chuntian,Gu Yanping,Wu Xinyu

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 10,   Pages 80-82

Abstract:

In this paper,  the Pareto strength SCE-UA algorithm (PSSCE) is presented to handle the reservoir optimization operation problem.  The approach treats the constrained optimization as a two-objective optimization: one objective is the original objective function; the other is the degree of constraint violation.  SCE-UA algorithm is applied to the two-objective optimization by using the individual's comparing procedure and the population ranking procedure which are respectively based on the Pareto dominance relationship and the Pareto strength definition.  The new approach is more general,  effective and robust.

Keywords： reservoir optimal operation     constrained optimization     Pareto dominate     Pareto strength     SCE-UA algorithm    

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Function synthesis algorithm based on RTD-based three-variable universal logic gates Article

Mao-qun YAO, Kai YANG, Ji-zhong SHEN, Cong-yuan XU

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 10,   Pages 1654-1664 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601730

Abstract: Compared with complementary metal–oxide semiconductor (CMOS), the resonant tunneling device (RTD) has better performances; it is the most promising candidate for next-generation integrated circuit devices. The universal logic gate is an important unit circuit because of its powerful logic function, but there are few function synthesis algorithms that can implement an n-variable logical function by RTD-based universal logic gates. In this paper, we propose a new concept, i.e., the truth value matrix. With it a novel disjunctive decomposition algorithm can be used to decompose an arbitrary n-variable logical function into three-variable subset functions. On this basis, a novel function synthesis algorithm is proposed, which can implement arbitrary n-variable logical functions by RTD-based universal threshold logic gates (UTLGs), RTD-based three-variable XOR gates (XOR3s), and RTD-based three-variable universal logic gate (ULG3s). When this proposed function synthesis algorithm is used to implement an n-variable logical function, if the function is a directly disjunctive decomposition one, the circuit structure will be very simple, and if the function is a non-directly disjunctive decomposition one, the circuit structure will be simpler than when using only UTLGs or ULG3s. The proposed function synthesis algorithm is straightforward to program, and with this algorithm it is convenient to implement an arbitrary n-variable logical function by RTD-based universal logic gates.

Keywords： Resonant tunneling device (RTD)     Disjunctive decomposition algorithm     Universal logic gate     Truth value matrix     Function synthesis algorithm    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

A creative concept for designing and simulating quaternary logic gates in quantum-dot cellular automata

Alireza Navidi, Reza Sabbaghi-Nadooshan, Massoud Dousti,alireza.navidi@srbiau.ac.ir,r_sabbaghi@iauctb.ac.ir,m_dousti@srbiau.ac.ir

Journal Article

Binary neural networks for speech recognition

Yan-min QIAN, Xu XIANG

Journal Article

Stochastic Earned Duration Analysis for Project Schedule Management

Fernando Acebes,David Poza,José Manuel González-Varona,Adolfo López-Paredes

Journal Article

Sampling formulas for 2D quaternionic signals associated with various quaternion Fourier and linear canonical transforms

Xiaoxiao HU, Dong CHENG, Kit Ian KOU,huxiaoxiao3650@163.com

Journal Article

Proximal policy optimization with an integral compensator for quadrotor control

Huan Hu, Qing-ling Wang,qlwang@seu.edu.cn

Journal Article

Li Siguang and China's Big Discovery of Petroleum

Zhao Wenjing

Journal Article

The Optimal Control Model of Reservoir Operations andSolving With Maximum Principle

Fang Qiang,Wang Xianjia, Fang Debin

Journal Article

Emergy evaluation of Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther in industrial recirculating aquaculture

Wang Feng and Lei Jilin

Journal Article

The Formation of Tetraploid Hybrids of Common Carp with Red Crucian Carp and the Evolutionary Significance of Tetraploidization in Vertebrate

Liu Shaojun,Cao Yunzhang,He Xiaoxiao,Li Jianzhong,Liu Yun

Journal Article

On-Line Supervisory Technology for Q-Factor in the Optical Supervisory Channel of Optical Transport Network

Tang Yong,Sun Xiaohan,Zhang Mingde,Ding Dong

Journal Article

Structural design and construction of catway for the Fourth Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge

Luan Changhua, Shen Bin

Journal Article

A novel multiple-outlier-robust Kalman filter

Yulong HUANG, Mingming BAI, Yonggang ZHANG,heuedu@163.com,mingming.bai@hrbeu.edu.cn,zhangyg@hrbeu.edu.cn

Journal Article

Measurement of the normal fetal cardiovascular diameters by echocardiography during the second trimester in Ningxia

Ji Xueqin,Ding Lili,Suo Yaoyu,Shi Ruixian, Liu Yanxiang,Chen Yaoping

Journal Article

A Pareto Strength SCE-UA Algorithm for ReservoirOptimization Operation

Lin Jianyi,Cheng Chuntian,Gu Yanping,Wu Xinyu

Journal Article

Function synthesis algorithm based on RTD-based three-variable universal logic gates

Mao-qun YAO, Kai YANG, Ji-zhong SHEN, Cong-yuan XU

Journal Article