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Organic conjugated polymers and polymer dots as photocatalysts for hydrogen production

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 667-677 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0767-7

摘要： Owing to the outstanding characteristics of tailorable electronic and optical properties, semiconducting polymers have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Among them, organic polymer dots process large breadth of potential synthetic diversity are the representative of photocatalysts for hydrogen production, which presents both an opportunity and a challenge. In this mini-review, first, the organic polymer photocatalysts were introduced. Then, recent reports on polymer dots which showed a superior photocatalytic activity and a robust stability under visible-light irradiation, for hydrogen production were summarized. Finally, challenges and outlook on using organic polymer dots-based photocatalysts from hydrogen production were discussed.

关键词： polymer dots (Pdots)     photocatalysis     hydrogen production    

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A mini review: Shape memory polymers for biomedical applications

Kaojin Wang, Satu Strandman, X. X. Zhu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第2期   页码 143-153 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1632-4

摘要： Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are smart materials that can change their shape in a pre-defined manner under a stimulus. The shape memory functionality has gained considerable interest for biomedical applications, which require materials that are biocompatible and sometimes biodegradable. There is a need for SMPs that are prepared from renewable sources to be used as substitutes for conventional SMPs. In this paper, advances in SMPs based on synthetic monomers and bio-compounds are discussed. Materials designed for biomedical applications are highlighted.

关键词： shape memory polymer     biodegradability     biocompatibility     biomedical application     bile acids    

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Multifunctional antimicrobial chlorhexidine polymers by remote plasma assisted vacuum deposition

Ana Mora-Boza, Francisco J. Aparicio, María Alcaire, Carmen López-Santos, Juan P. Espinós, Daniel Torres-Lagares, Ana Borrás, Angel Barranco

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 330-339 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1803-6

摘要： Novel antibacterial materials for implants and medical instruments are essential to develop practical strategies to stop the spread of healthcare associated infections. This study presents the synthesis of multifunctional antibacterial nanocoatings on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by remote plasma assisted deposition of sublimated chlorhexidine powders at low pressure and room temperature. The obtained materials present effective antibacterial activity against K12, either by contact killing and antibacterial adhesion or by biocide agents release depending on the synthetic parameters. In addition, these multifunctional coatings allow the endure hydrophilization of the hydrophobic PDMS surface, thereby improving their biocompatibility. Importantly, cell-viability tests conducted on these materials also prove their non-cytotoxicity, opening a way for the integration of this type of functional plasma films in biomedical devices.

关键词： plasma polymers     conformal plasma deposition     chlorhexidine     bactericide     PDMS     biocompatibility    

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Photoinduced dichroism and surface-relief-gratings of hyperbranched azo polymers synthesized by azo-coupling

CHE Pengchao, HE Yaning, WANG Xiaogong

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第4期   页码 360-364 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0065-x

摘要： This article reports the synthesis and photoresponsive properties of a hyperbranched azo polymer containing electron donor-acceptor type azo chromophores both in backbone and peripheral positions. For the synthesis, a hyperbranched azo precursor polymer was synthesized by step-growth polymerization of an AB monomer, bis[2-(-ethylanilino)ethyl] 5-aminoisophthalate, through azo-coupling reaction. The hyperbranched precursor polymer was then reacted with the diazonium salt from 4-cyanoaniline to introduce donor-acceptor azo chromophores in the peripheral groups. The resulting azo polymers were characterized by the spectroscopic methods and thermal analysis. The photoinduced dichroism of the hyperbranched polymer was studied and its orientation order parameter was estimated to be 0.063. Thin films of the hyperbranched azo polymers were used to fabricate surface-relief-gratings (SRGs) by exposing them to an interference pattern of Ar laser beam at modest intensities (150 mW/cm). The azo chromophores introduced by post-azo-coupling reaction at the para-positions of the peripheral azobenzenes shows a significant effect on the SRG inscription rate. The hyperbranched azo polymers can potentially be used for applications such as reversible optical data storage, photoswitch, sensors, and other photo-driven devices.

关键词： inscription     4-cyanoaniline     orientation     peripheral     photoswitch    

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Tetrazole tethered polymers for alkaline anion exchange membranes

Erigene Bakangura, Yubin He, Xiaolin Ge, Yuan Zhu, Liang Wu, Jin Ran, Congliang Cheng, Kamana Emmanuel, Zhengjin Yang, Tongwen Xu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第2期   页码 306-310 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1690-7

摘要： Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) was tethered with a 1,5-disubstituted tetrazole through a quaternary ammonium linkage. The formation of a tetrazole-ion network in the resulting polymers was found to promote the hydroxide ion transport through the Grotthus-type mechanism.

关键词： anion exchange membrane     fuel cell     phase separation     tetrazole    

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Synthesis and characterization of well-defined comb-like branched polymers

LI Aixiang, LU Zaijun, LÜ Zijian

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 407-411 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0064-6

摘要： Well-defined comb-like branched polymers having one branch in each repeating unit have been successfully synthesized by the coupling reaction of living polystyrene (PS) and polyisoprene (PI) anions with 1, 1-diphenylethenyl (DPE) groups along PS backbone prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of 4-vinylbenzyloxy benzophenone (Sc) followed by Wittig reaction. The resulting comb-like branched polymers were characterized by IR, H-NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and static light scattering (SLS) in detail. The effect of living chains and DPE group molar ratio on grafting efficiency was discussed. The results show the coupling reaction of living chains and DPE groups was highly effective, and the coupling efficiency can be controlled via the feed molar ratios of living chains and DPE groups. Moreover, the effect of molecular weights of backbone (PSe) and PSLi or PILi on grafting efficiency was also discussed. The results show that when excess living polymers were used, the almost quantitative grafting efficiency could be achieved.

关键词： grafting efficiency     polyisoprene     quantitative grafting     effective     molecular    

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Thermal degradation characteristics and products obtained after pyrolysis of specific polymers found

Evangelia C. Vouvoudi, Aristea T. Rousi, Dimitris S. Achilias

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0996-5

摘要： Modern societies strongly support the recycling practices over simple waste accumulation due to environmental harm caused. In the framework of sustainable recycling of plastics from WEEE, pyrolysis is proposed here as a means of obtaining secondary value-added products. The aim of this study was to investigate the thermal degradation and the products obtained after pyrolysis of specific polymers found in the plastic part of WEEE, using thermogravimetric analysis and a pyrolizer equipped with a GC/MS. Polymers studied include ABS, HIPS, PC and a blend having a composition similar to that appearing in WEEE. It was found that, PC shows greater heat endurance compared to the other polymers, whereas ABS depolymerizes in three-steps. The existence of several polymers in the blend results in synergistic effects which decrease the onset and final temperature of degradation. Moreover, the fragmentation occurred in the pyrolyzer, at certain temperatures, resulted in a great variety of compounds, depending on the polymer type, such as monomers, aromatic products, phenolic compounds and hydrocarbons. The main conclusion from this investigation is that pyrolysis could be an effective method for the sustainable recycling of the plastic part of WEEE resulting in a mixture of chemicals with varying composition but being excellent to be used as fuel retrieved from secondary recycling sources.

关键词： Pyrolysis     WEEE recycling     ABS     HIPS     PC     Py-GC/MS     TGA    

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Surface molecularly imprinted polymers for solid-phase extraction of (--)-epigallocatechin gallate from

Yunling Gao,Ying Hu,Kejian Yao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 467-478 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1526-2

摘要： Surface molecularly imprinted polymers (SMIPs) have been synthesized to selectively determine (−)-epigallocatechin gallate in aqueous media. SMIPs were prepared using a surface grafting copolymerization method on a functionalized silica gel modified with -cyclodextrin and vinyl groups. The morphology and composition of the SMIPs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, the molecular binding capacity, recognition properties and selectivity of the SMIPs were evaluated. The imprinted polymers were found to have a highly specific recognition and binding capacity for (−)-epigallocatechin gallate in aqueous media which is the result of the hydrophobic properties of the -cyclodextrin and the hydrogen-bonding interactions of methacrylic acid. The SMIPs were successfully employed as solid-phase extraction adsorbents prior to the HPLC determination of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate in toothpaste. The HPLC analysis had a linear dynamic range of 0.5–50.0 µg?mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998 and the recoveries ranged from 89.4% to 97.0% with relative standard deviations less than 4.8%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.17 and 0.33 µg?mL , respectively. The method provides a promising approach for the preparation of selective materials for the purification and determination of complex samples.

关键词： β-cyclodextrin     (−)-epigallocatechin gallate     surface molecular imprinting     solid-phase extraction    

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Microbial biodegradation of plastics: Challenges, opportunities, and a critical perspective

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第12期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1596-6

摘要：

● Health hazards of plastic waste on environment are discussed.

关键词： Plastic-waste     Polymers     Health-hazards     Biodegradation     Microorganisms     Enzymes    

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The influence of curing conditions on the mechanical properties and leaching of inorganic polymers made

Remus I. Iacobescu, Valérie Cappuyns, Tinne Geens, Lubica Kriskova, Silviana Onisei, Peter T. Jones, Yiannis Pontikes

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 317-327 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1622-6

摘要： This study reports on the impact of the curing conditions on the mechanical properties and leaching of inorganic polymer (IP) mortars made from a water quenched fayalitic slag. Three similar IP mortars were produced by mixing together slag, aggregate and activating solution, and cured in three different environments for 28 d: a) at 20 °C and relative humidity (RH) ~ 50% (T20RH50), b) at 20 °C and RH≥90% (T20RH90) and c) at 60 °C and RH ~ 20% (T60RH20). Compressive strength (EN 196-1) varied between 19 MPa (T20RH50) and 31 MPa (T20RH90). This was found to be attributed to the cracks formed upon curing. Geochemical modelling and two leaching tests were performed, the EA NEN 7375 tank test, and the BS EN 12457-1 single batch test. Results show that Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and As leaching occurred even at high pH, which varied between 10 and 11 in the tank test’s leachates and between 12 and 12.5 in the single batch’s leachates. Leaching values obtained were below the requirements for non-shaped materials of Flemish legislation for As, Cu and Ni in the single batch test.

关键词： inorganic polymer     geochemical leaching modelling     heavy metals     recycling     non-ferrous fayalitic slag     curing    

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混凝土结构性干预所必需的材料力学性能 Article

Tamon Ueda

《工程（英文）》 2019年 第5卷 第6期   页码 1131-1138 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.02.012

摘要：

结构性干预包括修复和（或）改善结构性能。除了混凝土和钢材这两种典型的混凝土结构材料外，各种纤维增强复合材料（FRP），混合纤维、聚合物和黏合剂的黏结材料也常被用于结构性干预。为了预测结构性能，有必要开发一种不仅适用于钢材，而且适用于其他材料的通用方法。这种通用模型可以提供有关改善结构性能所需的力学性能的信息。外部黏结是一种典型的结构干预方案，在新结构中没有得到应用。为了在基体混凝土和外部黏结材料的接合点上获得更好的黏结强度，我们有必要阐明材料的性能和结构细节。本文介绍基体混凝土的力学性能和相关干预材料用于以下目的：①获得更高的抗剪强度和减少构件在结构性干预后的极限变形；②使外部黏结获得更高的黏结强度。本文得出的结论是，在有结构干预的结构中，为了提高结构的力学性能，干预材料的一些力学性能和结构细节是新的，且不同于没有干预的结构。例如，在无结构性干预的结构中，高强度和高刚度是材料的重要性能，而高断裂应力和低刚度是结构干预材料的重要性能。

关键词： 结构性干预     高断裂应力     无屈服     低刚度     粗糙度     FRP 聚合物    

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Predictive calculations of gas solubility and permeability in glassy polymeric membranes: An overview

Matteo Minelli, Maria Grazia De Angelis, Giulio C. Sarti

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 405-413 doi: 10.1007/s11705-017-1615-5

摘要： The possibility to evaluate in a predictive way the relevant transport properties of low molecular weight species, both gases and vapors, in glassy polymeric membranes is inspected in detail, with particular attention to the methods recently developed based on solid thermodynamic basis. The solubility of pure and mixed gases, diffusivity and permeability of single gases in polymer glasses are examined, considering in particular poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) as a relevant test case. The procedure clearly indicates what are the relevant physical properties of the polymer matrix and of the penetrants required by the calculations, which can be obtained experimentally through independent measurements. For gas and vapor solubility, the comparison with direct experimental data for mixed gases points out also the ability to account for the significant variations that solubility-selectivity experiences upon variations of pressure and/or feed composition. For gas and vapor permeability, the comparison with direct experimental data shows the possibility to account for the various different trends observed experimentally as penetrant pressure is increased, including the so-called plasticization behavior. The procedure followed for permeability calculations leads also to clear correlations between permeability and physical properties of both polymer and penetrant, based on which pure predictive calculations are reliably made.

关键词： solubility     permeability     glassy polymers     NELF model     diffusion    

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Synthesis of poly(maleic acid alkylamide-

Jingjing XU, Jun XU, Jie SUN, Shili XING, Li LI, Xuhong GUO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 74-78 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0542-5

摘要： To improve the flow ability of crude oil with high content of aromatic asphaltenes, new comb-type copolymers of poly(maleic anhydride- - -olefin- -styrene) (MASCs) with different ratios of maleic anhydride (MA) to styrene were designed and synthesized. H NMR and FTIR spectra were used to characterize the chemical structure of the copolymers. The effect of copolymers on the flow ability of model waxy oil and crude oil were studied by rheological method and polarizing light microscopy. Upon the addition of MASCs, the yield stresses of oils were decreased by 1 to 3 orders of magnitude, and the morphology of paraffin crystals were reduced and changed from plates to needles.

关键词： comb-polymers     styrene     paraffin     crystallization     flow ability    

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Application of membrane separation technology in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process

Mo LI,Xiaobin JIANG,Gaohong HE

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 233-239 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1408-z

摘要： Membrane separation technology is a possible breakthrough in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process. This review first focuses on the requirements for CO separation membrane, and then outlines the existing competitive materials, promising preparation methods and processes to achieve desirable CO selectivity and permeability. A particular emphasis is addressed on polyimides, poly (ethylene oxide), mixed-matrix membrane, thermally-rearranged polymer, fixed site carrier membrane, ionic liquid membrane and electrodialysis process. The advantages and drawbacks of each of materials and methods are discussed. Research threads and methodology of CO separation membrane and the key issue in this area are concluded

关键词： membranes     carbon dioxide capture     separation     polymers     post-combustion    

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油田化学品在钻井中的应用及发展趋势

刘汝山,苏长明

《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第5期   页码 88-92

摘要：

介绍了国内外钻井液、完井液、保护油气层等用油田化学品的研究及应用的现状；提出正电性钻井液体系是今后钻井液及完井液的发展方向；油田化学品的发展趋势是：在油田化学新理论指导下，进行油田化学品分子设计、开发新型单体、合成新型聚合物及开发符合环保要求的多功能天然高分子聚合物改性产品等。

关键词： 油田化学品     钻井液和完井液     保护油气层     多功能聚合物    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Organic conjugated polymers and polymer dots as photocatalysts for hydrogen production

期刊论文

A mini review: Shape memory polymers for biomedical applications

Kaojin Wang, Satu Strandman, X. X. Zhu

期刊论文

Multifunctional antimicrobial chlorhexidine polymers by remote plasma assisted vacuum deposition

Ana Mora-Boza, Francisco J. Aparicio, María Alcaire, Carmen López-Santos, Juan P. Espinós, Daniel Torres-Lagares, Ana Borrás, Angel Barranco

期刊论文

Photoinduced dichroism and surface-relief-gratings of hyperbranched azo polymers synthesized by azo-coupling

CHE Pengchao, HE Yaning, WANG Xiaogong

期刊论文

Tetrazole tethered polymers for alkaline anion exchange membranes

Erigene Bakangura, Yubin He, Xiaolin Ge, Yuan Zhu, Liang Wu, Jin Ran, Congliang Cheng, Kamana Emmanuel, Zhengjin Yang, Tongwen Xu

期刊论文

Synthesis and characterization of well-defined comb-like branched polymers

LI Aixiang, LU Zaijun, LÜ Zijian

期刊论文

Thermal degradation characteristics and products obtained after pyrolysis of specific polymers found

Evangelia C. Vouvoudi, Aristea T. Rousi, Dimitris S. Achilias

期刊论文

Surface molecularly imprinted polymers for solid-phase extraction of (--)-epigallocatechin gallate from

Yunling Gao,Ying Hu,Kejian Yao

期刊论文

Microbial biodegradation of plastics: Challenges, opportunities, and a critical perspective

期刊论文

The influence of curing conditions on the mechanical properties and leaching of inorganic polymers made

Remus I. Iacobescu, Valérie Cappuyns, Tinne Geens, Lubica Kriskova, Silviana Onisei, Peter T. Jones, Yiannis Pontikes

期刊论文

混凝土结构性干预所必需的材料力学性能

Tamon Ueda

期刊论文

Predictive calculations of gas solubility and permeability in glassy polymeric membranes: An overview

Matteo Minelli, Maria Grazia De Angelis, Giulio C. Sarti

期刊论文

Synthesis of poly(maleic acid alkylamide-

Jingjing XU, Jun XU, Jie SUN, Shili XING, Li LI, Xuhong GUO

期刊论文

Application of membrane separation technology in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture process

Mo LI,Xiaobin JIANG,Gaohong HE

期刊论文

油田化学品在钻井中的应用及发展趋势

刘汝山,苏长明

期刊论文