The advent of the first-generation “all-composite” wide-body passenger aircraft represents a major step forward in the development of lightweight aerostructures, with an estimated 20% weight reduction compared with an aluminum equivalent, and similar reductions in fuel consumption. These advantages are tempered by high development costs associated with slow production rates, arising from the autoclave cure cycle times of thermoset-based composites, and extensive physical testing. “Out-of-autoclave” processing, such as resin infusion of a textile reinforcement, is an attractive alternative whereby large, highly integrated structures may be manufactured. Further significant reductions in development costs may be achieved through the effective use of simulation at all stages of the development cycle. Combining the further exploration of “out-of-autoclave” processing with reliable, robust, and predictive resin-infusion process modeling tools will facilitate the next evolution in cost-effective composite aerostructures.