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Perspectives on cross-domain visual analysis of cyber-physical-social big data Perspective

Wei Chen, Tianye Zhang, Haiyang Zhu, Xumeng Wang, Yunhai Wang,cloudseawang@gmail.com

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 12,   Pages 1551-1684 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100553

Abstract: The domain of cyber-physical-social (CPS) big data is generally defined as the set consisting of all the elements in its defined domain, including domains of data, objects, tasks, application scenarios, and subjects. Visual analytics is an emerging human-in-the-loop big data analytics paradigm that can exploit human perception to enhance human cognitive efficiency. In this paper, we explore the perspectives on cross-domain visual analysis of CPS big data. We also highlight new challenges brought by the cross-domain nature of CPS big data—data, subject, and task domains—and propose a novel visual analytics model and a suite of approaches to address these challenges.

Keywords： 可视分析；三元空间；大数据；跨域    

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Super Resolution Perception for Improving Data Completeness in Smart Grid State Estimation Article

Gaoqi Liang, Guolong Liu, Junhua Zhao, Yanli Liu, Jinjin Gu, Guangzhong Sun, Zhaoyang Dong

Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 7,   Pages 789-800 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.06.006

Abstract:

The smart grid is an evolving critical infrastructure, which combines renewable energy and the most advanced information and communication technologies to provide more economic and secure power supply services. To cope with the intermittency of ever-increasing renewable energy and ensure the security of the smart grid, state estimation, which serves as a basic tool for understanding the true states of a smart grid, should be performed with high frequency. More complete system state data are needed to support high-frequency state estimation. The data completeness problem for smart grid state estimation is therefore studied in this paper. The problem of improving data completeness by recovering high-frequency data from low-frequency data is formulated as a super resolution perception (SRP) problem in this paper. A novel machine-learning-based SRP approach is thereafter proposed. The proposed method, namely the Super Resolution Perception Net for State Estimation (SRPNSE), consists of three steps: feature extraction, information completion, and data reconstruction. Case studies have demonstrated the effectiveness and value of the proposed SRPNSE approach in recovering high-frequency data from low-frequency data for the state estimation.

Keywords： State estimation     Low-frequency data     High-frequency data     Super resolution perception     Data completeness    

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Strategies for Soil Fertility Improvement of Arable Land in China

Yingjie Hu, Xiangbin Kong, Yuzhen Zhang

Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5,   Pages 84-89 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.013

Abstract:

This paper systematically reviews the trends of soil fertility of arable land in China and puts forwards that the soil fertility improvement of arable land in China should realize the strategic change from single application of chemical fertilizer to the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers, combine cultivation with preservation to maintain soil fertility, and implement spatial differentiation control. Moreover, this paper summarizes the ways to improve the soil fertility of arable land in China, including increasing the application of organic fertilizer, promoting straw returning to the field, resuming and promoting green manure cultivation, improving the farming conditions, and optimizing the layout of agroforestry networks. At last, this paper proposes policy suggestions of implementing high-standard farmland construction projects, soil improvement and restoration projects, grass-crop rotation projects, straw returning projects, and livestock and poultry manure application projects.

Keywords： 保持土壤肥力，应实行空间差异化管控的战略思路，总结出增施有机肥、推广秸秆还田、恢复推广绿肥种植以及提升农田耕作条件和优化农田林网布局等耕地土壤肥力提升实现途径，提出了国家继续实施高标准农田建设工程、土壤改良修复工程、草田轮作工程、秸秆还田工程和畜禽粪便肥料化利用工程等政策建议。     本文系统梳理了中国耕地土壤肥力变化态势，提出我国耕地土壤肥力提升应实现从单一施用化肥向有机无机肥相结合的战略转变，应    

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Ablock-based secure and robustwatermarking scheme for color images based onmulti-resolution decomposition and de-correlation Research Articles

Muhammad IMRAN, Bruce A. HARVEY, Muhammad ATIF, Adnan Ali MEMON

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 7,   Pages 946-963 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700667

Abstract:

This paper presents a block-based secure and robust watermarking technique for color images based on multi-resolution decomposition and de-correlation. The principal objective of the presented scheme is to simultaneously meet all the four requirements (robustness, security, imperceptibility, and capacity) of a good watermarking scheme. The contribution of this study is to basically achieve the four contradictory requirements that a good watermarking scheme must meet. To do so, different approaches are combined in a way that the four requirements are achieved. For instance, to obtain imperceptibility, the three color channels (red, green, and blue) are de-correlated using principal component analysis, and the first principal component (de-correlated red channel) is chosen for watermark embedding. Afterwards, to achieve robustness, the de-correlated channel is decomposed using a discrete wavelet transform (DWT), and the approximate band (the other three bands are kept intact to preserve the edge information) is further decomposed into distinct blocks. The random blocks are chosen based on a random generated key. The random selected blocks are further broken down into singular values and vectors. Based on the mutual dependency on singular values and vectors’ matrices, the values are modified depending on the watermarking bits, and their locations are saved and used as another key, required when the watermark is to be extracted. Consequently, two-level authentication levels ensure the security, and using both singular values and vectors increases the capacity of the presented scheme. Moreover, the involvement of both left and right singular vectors along with singular values in the watermarking embedding process strengthens the robustness of the proposed scheme. Finally, to compare the presented scheme with the state-of-the-art schemes in terms of imperceptibility (peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index), security (with numerous fake keys), robustness (normalized correlation and bit error rate), and capacity, the Gonzalez and Kodak datasets are used. The comparison shows significant improvement of the proposed scheme over existing schemes.

Keywords： Copyright protection     Data hiding     Multi-resolution decomposition     De-correlation     Security    

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Intelligent Monitoring System Based on Spatio–Temporal Data for Underground Space Infrastructure Review

Bowen Du, Junchen Ye, Hehua Zhu, Leilei Sun, Yanliang Du

Engineering 2023, Volume 25, Issue 6,   Pages 194-203 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.016

Abstract:

Intelligent sensing, mechanism understanding, and the deterioration forecasting based on spatio–temporal big data not only promote the safety of the infrastructure but also indicate the basic theory and key technology for the infrastructure construction to turn to intelligentization. The advancement of underground space utilization has led to the development of three characteristics (deep, big, and clustered) that help shape a tridimensional urban layout. However, compared to buildings and bridges overground, the diseases and degradation that occur underground are more insidious and difficult to identify. Numerous challenges during the construction and service periods remain. To address this gap, this paper summarizes the existing methods and evaluates their strong points and weak points based on real-world space safety management. The key scientific issues, as well as solutions, are discussed in a unified intelligent monitoring system.

Keywords： Structure health monitoring     Underground space infrastructure     Machine learning     Spatio–temporal data    

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The Research of Discovery Feature Sub-space Model (DFSSM) Based on Complex Type Data

Yang Bingru,Tang Qing

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 56-61

Abstract:

This paper discusses the macroscopic and important problem in the field of KDD. First, it is very difficult to describe the complex type data by general knowledge representation method. So the authors use pattern, which is defined as the vector in Hilbert Space, to represent the characteristic of complex type data. It also can be used to describe the rule of knowledge discovery. Second, the general structure model is constructed based on complex type data—DFSSM (discovery feature sub-space model ) following by the research on inner mechanism of knowledge discovery system. At last, the authors prove the practicability and validity of this general structure model i. e. DFSSM which can guide the knowledge discovery of textual data and image data (meteorological echogram data). It will beapplied in other complex type data in future.

Keywords： complex type data     data mining     text mining    

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The research of inversion algorithm of significant wave height with high resolution based HY-2 waveform data

Wang Guizhong,Zhang Jie,Miao Hongli,Li Guoqiang,Wang Xin

Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 6,   Pages 60-64

Abstract: Comparing the SWH derived from 1 s waveform, the SWH derived by this method could be increased by about

Keywords： HY-2     significant wave height     inversion algorithm     high resolution    

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The Assessment of the Impacts of Land Use Change on the Ecosystem Carbon Sink

Wu Jianguo,Zhang Xiaoquan,Xu Deying

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 9,   Pages 65-71

Abstract:

Based on the analyzing of the carbon cycle under different ecosystem in Liupan mountain forest zone and the conception of carbon sink and source , the impacts of land use change on the carbon sink of ecosystem were assessed. It is found that the function of ecosystem carbon source or sink under different land uses includes carbon storage, input and output of ecosystem carbon pool, net change of carbon storage and stabilization of soil organic carbon (SOC). The ecosystem carbon storage under natural secondary forest or plantation ecosystem is higher than that under cropland or rangeland ecosystem . The storage of ecosystem carbon, SOC, active SOC pool, slow SOC, protected and unprotected fraction of SOC and labile fraction of SOC under secondary forest or plantation ecosystem are higher than those under cropland and rangeland ecosystem. Natural secondary forest ecosystem is strong carbon sink, while plantation ecosystem is weak carbon sink, and cropland or rangeland ecosystem is source. The measures of increasing ecosystem sink include increasing input of ecosystem carbon pool, decreasing output of ecosystem carbon pool and increasing stabilization of SOC in ecosystem.

Keywords： land use change     soil organic carbon     carbon cycle     ecosystem carbon sink/source    

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An investigation of local high spatial resolution adaptive PET system

Liu Jingjing,Xie Qingguo

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 10,   Pages 105-112

Abstract:

A critical challenge in positron emission tomography (PET) is to develop affordable systems having high spatial resolution. We imagine a PET system, for imaging a region of interest (ROI) with ultra high performances and other regions with normal performances by use of inhomogeneous performances PET detectors. We propose such a prototype, consisting of a few ultra high intrinsic spatial resolution PET detectors and quite a few normal ones. In this paper, we investigate the effect of the location and the number of high resolution detectors. The high resolution detectors are grouped in a continuous partial ring. The initial results show that such a prototype is capable to bring the advantages of significantly improving the spatial resolution in a ROI. For a specified area, the improvement is influenced by the location and fraction of high resolution detectors in a ring. The encouraging results also indicate the possibilities to regulate detectors to achieve high spatial resolution according to the application, which is possibly formulated.

Keywords： positron emission tomography     adaptive PET system     region of interest     local spatial resolution     inhomogeneous performance PET detector    

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Explainable data transformation recommendation for automatic visualization Research Article

Ziliang WU, Wei CHEN, Yuxin MA, Tong XU, Fan YAN, Lei LV, Zhonghao QIAN, Jiazhi XIA,wzlzju@zju.edu.cn,chenvis@zju.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 7,   Pages 1007-1027 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200409

Abstract: generates meaningful visualizations to support data analysis and pattern finding for novice or casual users who are not familiar with visualization design. Current approaches adopt mainly aggregation and filtering to extract patterns from the original data. However, these limited s fail to capture complex patterns such as clusters and correlations. Although recent advances in feature engineering provide the potential for more kinds of automatic s, the auto-generated transformations lack concerning how patterns are connected with the original features. To tackle these challenges, we propose a novel explainable recommendation approach for extended kinds of s in . We summarize the space of feasible s and measures on of transformation operations with a literature review and a pilot study, respectively. A recommendation algorithm is designed to compute optimal transformations, which can reveal specified types of patterns and maintain . We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through two cases and a user study.

Keywords： Data transformation     Data transformation recommendation     Automatic visualization     Explainability    

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MPIN: a macro-pixel integration network for light field super-resolution Research Articles

Xinya Wang, Jiayi Ma, Wenjing Gao, Junjun Jiang,wangxinya@whu.edu.cn,jyma2010@gmail.com,wenjinggao@whu.edu.cn,junjun0595@163.com

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 10,   Pages 1299-1310 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000566

Abstract: Most existing (LF) (SR) methods either fail to fully use angular information or have an unbalanced performance distribution because they use parts of views. To address these issues, we propose a novel integration network based on for the LF SR task, named MPIN. Restoring the entire LF image simultaneously, we couple the spatial and angular information by rearranging the four-dimensional LF image into a two-dimensional macro-pixel image. Then, two special convolutions are deployed to extract spatial and angular information, separately. To fully exploit spatial-angular correlations, the integration resblock is designed to merge the two kinds of information for mutual guidance, allowing our method to be angular-coherent. Under the , an angular shuffle layer is tailored to improve the spatial resolution of the macro-pixel image, which can effectively avoid aliasing. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real-world LF datasets demonstrate that our method can achieve better performance than the state-of-the-art methods qualitatively and quantitatively. Moreover, the proposed method has an advantage in preserving the inherent epipolar structures of LF images with a balanced distribution of performance.

Keywords： 光场；超分辨率；宏像素表示    

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Coordinated Development of Space Science, Space Technology, and Space Application in China

Zhou Jianping, Wu Ji

Strategic Study of CAE 2023, Volume 25, Issue 2,   Pages 59-66 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.02.007

Abstract:

Owing to historical reasons and investment restrictions, China’s aerospace industry initially focused on space technology and application, with insufficient emphasis on space science; therefore, space science, technology, and application developed independently. The development of space technology should be deeply integrated into space science and application, thus to strengthen China’s aerospace industry and create new opportunities and achievements. This study explores the implications of space science, space technology, and space application and clarifies their interrelationships. Moreover, it systematically analyzes the development trend in space science, technology, and application worldwide and reviews the development situation of space-related fields in China. Based on this, it examines the necessity for coordinating the development of space science, technology, and application in China and summarizes the major challenges. Considering their overlapping needs and mutual promotion, space science, technology, and application should be coordinated throughout the process of planning, deployment, and implementation. First, the advantages of the new national system should be exploited to conduct top-level planning under unified management. Second, the innovation-driven development strategy should be insisted to promote the international competitiveness of China’s aerospace industry through technological progress. Third, basic research in the space field should be strengthened and high-level scientists and engineers should be cultivated. Lastly, resource planning and coordination should be strengthened to promote the rational opening and full utilization of space application data.

Keywords： aerospace industry     space science     space technology     space application     coordinated development     sharing of space data    

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High Spatial Resolution Ozone Profiles Retrieved from the First Chinese Ultraviolet–Visible Hyperspectral Satellite Instrument Article

Fei Zhao, Cheng Liu, Qihou Hu, Congzi Xia, Chengxin Zhang, Wenjing Su

Engineering 2024, Volume 32, Issue 1,   Pages 107-116 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.02.020

Abstract:

Understanding the vertical distribution of ozone is crucial when assessing both its horizontal and vertical transport, as well as when analyzing the physical and chemical properties of the atmosphere. One of the most effective ways to obtain high spatial resolution ozone profiles is through satellite observations. The Environmental Trace Gases Monitoring Instrument (EMI) deployed on the Gaofen-5 satellite is the first Chinese ultraviolet-visible hyperspectral spectrometer. However, retrieving ozone profiles using backscattered radiance values measured by the EMI is challenging due to unavailable measurement errors and a low signal-to-noise ratio. The algorithm developed for the Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument did not allow us to retrieve 87% of the EMI pixels. Therefore, we developed an algorithm specific to the characteristics of the EMI. The fitting residuals are smaller than 0.3% in most regions. The retrieved ozone profiles were in good agreement with ozonesonde data, with maximum mean biases of 20% at five latitude bands. By applying EMI averaging kernels to the ozonesonde profiles, the integrated stratospheric column ozone and tropospheric column ozone also showed excellent agreement with ozonesonde data. The lower layers (0–7.5 km) of the EMI ozone profiles reflected the seasonal variation in surface ozone derived from the China National Environmental Monitoring Center (CNEMC). However, the upper layers (9.7–16.7 km) of the ozone profiles show different trends, with the ozone peak occurring at an altitude of 9.7–16.7 km in March. A stratospheric intrusion event in central China from August 11 to 15, 2019, is captured using the EMI ozone profiles, potential vorticity data, and relative humidity data. The increase in the CNEMC ozone concentration showed that downward transport enhanced surface ozone pollution.

Keywords： Ozone profiles     EMI     Soft calibration     Floor noise correction     Stratospheric ozone intrusion    

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Zoning of Agricultural Resource and Environment in China

Erqi Xu

Strategic Study of CAE 2018, Volume 20, Issue 5,   Pages 57-62 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.05.009

Abstract:

Problems in China’s agricultural resources and environment have become increasingly prominent, with distinct resource and environment constraints for regional agricultures. Based on regional differentiation in agricultural resource and environment characteristics, this paper divided the country into 10 first-level zones and 57 second-level zones at the county scale. The first-level zones were divided according to regional differentiation in climate and geotectonic. And the second-level zones differentiate in water resources, land resources, and environmental conditions. It analyzed the agricultural production conditions, types of resources and their different combinations, environmental production conditions, and existing problems in these zones. This study proposed the strategies of “optimizing the spatial layout of eastern, central, and western regions” and “improving Northeast China, regulating North China, and recovering South China”. Twenty-seven second-level zones, undertaking the supply of major agricultural products in China, were identified and labeled as “major agricultural developing regions in China”. The development direction and construction measures of the major agricultural developing regions in China were suggested to maintain and improve the health and sustainability of China’s agricultural production system.

Keywords： 一级区依据气候条件和大地构造的地域分异，二级区根据水资源、土地资源和环境条件问题差异。分析了全国各分区农业生产条件、资源类型及其组合的特点、环境生产条件和存在问题，提出     中国农业资源环境问题日益突出，区域农业资源限制因素和环境制约问题各不相同。依据农业资源环境地域分异，以县域为制图单元，本文将全国划分为10     提高东北，整治华北，恢复南方     战略，并划分了27 个承担主要农产品供给保障功能的     ，指明其建设方向措施，以维护和改善我国农业生产系统的健康和可持续性    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

The Impact of Cropland Spatial Pattern Change on Grain Production in China

Li Yuanyuan, Tan Minghong, Zhang Hongqi

Journal Article

Perspectives on cross-domain visual analysis of cyber-physical-social big data

Wei Chen, Tianye Zhang, Haiyang Zhu, Xumeng Wang, Yunhai Wang,cloudseawang@gmail.com

Journal Article

Super Resolution Perception for Improving Data Completeness in Smart Grid State Estimation

Gaoqi Liang, Guolong Liu, Junhua Zhao, Yanli Liu, Jinjin Gu, Guangzhong Sun, Zhaoyang Dong

Journal Article

Strategies for Soil Fertility Improvement of Arable Land in China

Yingjie Hu, Xiangbin Kong, Yuzhen Zhang

Journal Article

Ablock-based secure and robustwatermarking scheme for color images based onmulti-resolution decomposition and de-correlation

Muhammad IMRAN, Bruce A. HARVEY, Muhammad ATIF, Adnan Ali MEMON

Journal Article

Intelligent Monitoring System Based on Spatio–Temporal Data for Underground Space Infrastructure

Bowen Du, Junchen Ye, Hehua Zhu, Leilei Sun, Yanliang Du

Journal Article

The Research of Discovery Feature Sub-space Model (DFSSM) Based on Complex Type Data

Yang Bingru,Tang Qing

Journal Article

The research of inversion algorithm of significant wave height with high resolution based HY-2 waveform data

Wang Guizhong,Zhang Jie,Miao Hongli,Li Guoqiang,Wang Xin

Journal Article

The Assessment of the Impacts of Land Use Change on the Ecosystem Carbon Sink

Wu Jianguo,Zhang Xiaoquan,Xu Deying

Journal Article

An investigation of local high spatial resolution adaptive PET system

Liu Jingjing,Xie Qingguo

Journal Article

Explainable data transformation recommendation for automatic visualization

Ziliang WU, Wei CHEN, Yuxin MA, Tong XU, Fan YAN, Lei LV, Zhonghao QIAN, Jiazhi XIA,wzlzju@zju.edu.cn,chenvis@zju.edu.cn

Journal Article

MPIN: a macro-pixel integration network for light field super-resolution

Xinya Wang, Jiayi Ma, Wenjing Gao, Junjun Jiang,wangxinya@whu.edu.cn,jyma2010@gmail.com,wenjinggao@whu.edu.cn,junjun0595@163.com

Journal Article

Coordinated Development of Space Science, Space Technology, and Space Application in China

Zhou Jianping, Wu Ji

Journal Article

High Spatial Resolution Ozone Profiles Retrieved from the First Chinese Ultraviolet–Visible Hyperspectral Satellite Instrument

Fei Zhao, Cheng Liu, Qihou Hu, Congzi Xia, Chengxin Zhang, Wenjing Su

Journal Article

Zoning of Agricultural Resource and Environment in China

Erqi Xu

Journal Article