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Wavelength-selective wavefront shaping by metasurface Correspondence
Zixin CAI, Xin HE, Xin LIU, Shijie TU, Xinjie SUN, Paul BECKETT, Aditya DUBEY, Arnan MITCHELL, Guanghui REN, Xu LIU, Xiang HAO,xinhe.wins@outlook.com,guanghui.ren@rmit.edu.au,haox@zju.edu.cn
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 4, Pages 617-625 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200510
Keywords： 超表面；波长选择性；涡旋光；波前整形
Monovalent Cation Exchange Membranes with Janus Charged Structure for Ion Separation Article
Wenguang Wang, Yanqiu Zhang, Xiaobin Yang, Haixiang Sun, Yadong Wu, Lu Shao
Engineering 2023, Volume 25, Issue 6, Pages 204-213 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.09.020
Monovalent cation exchange membranes (M-CEMs) have been extensively applied in environmental remediation and energy harvesting such as the extraction of Na+ or Li+ from brine and seawater. However, owing to the limitations of membrane structures and materials, M-CEMs have a low perm-selectivity issue. Herein, we proposed a facile approach to construct a novel M-CEM with a Janus-charged structure, consisting of a positively-charged trimesic acid/polyethylenimine surface thin layer and a negatively charged commercial cation exchange membrane (CEM). Selectrodialysis results indicated that the Janus-charged M-CEMs could effectively suppress the migration of anions, which often occurred in porous CEMs, thereby enabling the novel Janus-charged M-CEMs to possess high perm-selectivity and high total cation fluxes. Compared with state-of-the-art M-CEMs, the Janus-charged M-CEM exhibited the highest perm-selectivity of 145.77 for Na+/Mg2+ and a Na+ flux of 14.3 × 10−8 mol·cm−2·s−1 beyond the contemporary “upper bound” plot as well as the excellent perm-selectivity of 14.11 for Li+/Mg2+, indicating its great potentials in ion separation. This study can provide novel insights into the design of Janus-charged M-CEMs for ion separation in diverse environmental and energy applications.
Keywords： Monovalent cation exchange membranes Janus charged structure Selectrodialysis Perm-selectivity “Upper bound” plot Ion separation
Chen Hongzhang,Qiu Weihua and Wang Lan
Strategic Study of CAE 2014, Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 27-36
In this paper，an innovative biomass- refining path called“selective- fractionation and economical-functionality”was proposed，based on the recognition of heterogeneity of biomass，which in the purpose to as far as possible retain the original features of macromolecules，activate and improve the biotransformation performance of components suitable for enzymatic hydrolysis，maximize the value of intermediate products. According to the association of raw material features，conversion processes and products requirement，diversified biomass refining paths have been established to prove the feasibility，reasonability and reliability of“selectivefractionation and economical- functionality”. In conclusion，“selective- fractionation and economical-functionality”of lignocellulosic materials would be the novel way to break through the tight economic and technological predicament of biomass economy.
Keywords： biorefining heterogeneity of raw material selective-fractionation and economical-functionality industrialized technologic system
Selective and Independent Control of Microrobots in a Magnetic Field: A Review Review
Min Wang, Tianyi Wu, Rui Liu, Zhuoran Zhang, Jun Liu
Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 5, Pages 21-38 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.02.011
Due to the unique advantages of untethered connections and a high level of safety, magnetic actuation is a commonly used technique in microrobotics for propelling microswimmers, manipulating fluidics, and navigating medical devices. However, the microrobots or actuated targets are exposed to identical and homogeneous driving magnetic fields, which makes it challenging to selectively control a single robot or a specific group among multiple targets. This paper reviews recent advances in selective and independent control for multi-microrobot or multi-joint microrobot systems driven by magnetic fields. These selective and independent control approaches decode the global magnetic field into specific configurations for the individualized actuation of multiple microrobots. The methods include applying distinct properties for each microrobot or creating heterogeneous magnetic fields at different locations. Independent control of the selected targets enables the effective cooperation of multiple microrobots to accomplish more complicated operations. In this review, we provide a unique perspective to explain how to manipulate individual microrobots to achieve a high level of group intelligence on a small scale, which could help accelerate the translational development of microrobotic technology for real-life applications.
Keywords： Microrobot Magnetic microrobot Independent control Selective control Microrobotic manipulation
Development of Micro Selective Laser Melting: The State of the Art and Future Perspectives Review
Balasubramanian Nagarajan, Zhiheng Hu, Xu Song, Wei Zhai, Jun Wei
Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 4, Pages 702-720 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.002
Additive manufacturing (AM) is gaining traction in the manufacturing industry for the fabrication of components with complex geometries using a variety of materials. Selective laser melting (SLM) is a common AM technique that is based on powder-bed fusion (PBF) to process metals; however, it is currently focused only on the fabrication of macroscale and mesoscale components. This paper reviews the state of the art of the SLM of metallic materials at the microscale level. In comparison with the direct writing techniques that are commonly used for micro AM, micro SLM is attractive due to a number of factors, including a faster cycle time, process simplicity, and material versatility. A comprehensive evaluation of various research works and commercial systems for the fabrication of microscale parts using SLM and selective laser sintering (SLS) is conducted. In addition to identifying existing issues with SLM at the microscale, which include powder recoating, laser optics, and powder particle size, this paper details potential future directions. A detailed review of existing recoating methods in powder-bed techniques is conducted, along with a description of emerging efforts to implement dry powder dispensing methods in the AM domain. A number of secondary finishing techniques for AM components are reviewed, with a focus on implementation for microscale features and integration with micro SLM systems.
Keywords： Additive manufacturing Selective laser melting Microfabrication Hybrid processing Powder-bed recoating
Overall design and realization of selectivity leakage protection device in mines
Sun Yukun,Zhu Zhiying,Huang Zhenyue,Tang Ping
Strategic Study of CAE 2012, Volume 14, Issue 7, Pages 93-97
A novel selective leakage protective device in master-slave structure was proposed where dsPIC30F4012 was the master controller and PIC16F877A was the slave processor. The device used the principle of additional DC power supply in main feeding switch to examine the occurrence of the leakage and used the principle of direction of zero sequence power in branch feeding switch to judge the faulty line. The hardware diagram and the software flow chart of protective system were given and RS-485 bus and optical fiber communication technology were adopted. It could improve the action capability and anti-interference capability of the leakage protective device for power supply system in underground, and the experimental results confirmed the protection device proposed had good performance.
Keywords： leakage protection selectivity dsPIC30F4012 PIC16F877A RS-485 bus optical fiber communication
Peng Tan, Yao Jiang, Shi-Chao Qi, Xia-Jun Gao, Xiao-Qin Liu, Lin-Bing Sun
Engineering 2020, Volume 6, Issue 5, Pages 569-576 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.03.005
Achieving efficient adsorption and desorption processes by controllably tuning the properties of adsorbents at different technical stages is extremely attractive. However, it is difficult for traditional adsorbents to reach the target because of their fixed active sites. Herein, we report on the fabrication of a smart adsorbent, which was achieved by introducing photoresponsive azobenzene derivatives with cis/trans isomers to Ce-doped mesoporous silica. These photoresponsive groups serve as "molecular switches" by sheltering and exposing active sites, leading to efficient adsorption and desorption. Ce is also doped to provide additional active sites in order to enhance the adsorption performance. The results show that the cis isomers effectively shelter the active sites, leading to the selective adsorption of methylene blue (MB) over brilliant blue (BB), while the trans isomers completely expose the active sites, resulting in the convenient release of the adsorbates. Both selective adsorption and efficient desorption can be realized controllably by these smart adsorbents through photostimulation. Moreover, the performance of the obtained materials is well maintained after five cycles.
Keywords： Azobenzene Ce-doped mesoporous silica Molecular switches Selective adsorption Efficient desorption
A Multi-wavelength Star Optical Network Reusing All Channel Wavelengths Three Times and Its Features
Gan Chaoqin
Strategic Study of CAE 2002, Volume 4, Issue 10, Pages 84-89
In this paper, a novel multi-wavelength star optical network reusing all channel wavelengths three times is proposed by the method of “（Distributed Architecture) + (Return Link) + (Wavelength Group)”. In this scheme, by interconnecting four conventional star couplers and reusing all channel wavelengths three times, both the maximum number of supportable nodes and the maximum throughput of the network are all up to four times as many as that of conventional WDM star network. Utilizing bidirectional transmissions in a single fiber, half fibers can be saved under the same number of supportable nodes. Making use of the distributed architecture, the anti-destructibility of network is drastically raised. All these advantages of the network efficiently overcome the disadvantages of conventional WDM star network.
Keywords： wavelength division multiplexing wavelength reuse tunable wavelength router for multiwavelength selection distributed architecture return link wavelength group
Ying-hui ZHONG, Shu-xiang SUN, Wen-bin WONG, Hai-li WANG, Xiao-ming LIU, Zhi-yong DUAN, Peng DING, Zhi JIN
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 8, Pages 1180-1185 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601121
Keywords： High electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) Gate-recess Digital wet-etching Selective wet-etching
Engineering a High-Selectivity PVDF Hollow-Fiber Membrane for Cesium Removal Article
Shiyuan Ding, Lilan Zhang, Yang Li, Li´an Hou
Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 5, Pages 865-871 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.07.021
In this study, a copper ferrocyanide/silica/polyvinylidene fluoride (CuFC/SiO2/PVDF) hollow-fiber composite membrane was successfully synthesized through a facile and effective crosslinking strategy. The PVDF hollow-fiber membrane with embedded SiO2 was used to fix the dispersion of CuFC nanoparticles for cesium (Cs) removal. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the composite membrane were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composite membrane showed a high Cs rejection rate and membrane flux at the three layers of CuFC and 0.5% SiO2, and its Cs rejection rate was not affected by variation in the pH (pH = 4–10). The modified membrane could be effectively regenerated many times using ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3). The Cs selectivity performance was verified by an efficient Cs rejection rate (76.25% and 88.67% in 8 h) in a solution of 100 μg·L–1 of Cs with 1 mmol·L–1 of competing cations (K+ and Na+). The CuFC/SiO2/PVDF hollowfiber composite membrane showed a particularly superior removal performance (greater than 90%) in natural surface water and simulated water with a low Cs concentration. Therefore, the CuFC/SiO2/PVDF hollow-fiber composite membrane can be used directly in engineering applications for the remediation of radioactive Cs-contaminated water.
Keywords： Cesium removal Composite membrane Copper ferrocyanide Polyvinylidene fluoride
Temperature effect on carbothermal reduction and nitridation synthesis of silicon nitride
Wan Xiaohan,Zhang Guangqing,Oleg Ostrovski and Hal Aral
Strategic Study of CAE 2015, Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 62-66
Carbothermal reduction and nitridation synthesis of silicon nitride was conducted at 1 300～1 600 ℃ in nitrogen or nitrogen-hydrogen mixture. Fumed silica was mixed with graphite using molar ratio of SiO2∶C=1∶4.5. Powder samples were pressed into pellet before reaction. CO evolution in the process was monitored by an infrared sensor. The oxygen， nitrogen， carbon content of reacted sample was analysed by LECO element determinators. XRD was used to identify phases formed in the reacted sample. Reduction of SiO2 commenced below 1 300 ℃. The reduction rate increased with increasing temperature， but slowed down when temperature was higher than 1 570 ℃， since the residual reactant was covered by product. Due to the small difference of the equilibrium CO partial pressure between Si3N4 and SiC formation， the boundary temperature was not obvious. The mechanism of carbothermal reduction/nitridation synthesis of silicon nitride needs further investigation.
Dongdong Gu, Chenglong Ma, Mujian Xia, Donghua Dai, Qimin Shi
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 5, Pages 675-684 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.011
Selective laser melting (SLM) additive manufacturing (AM) technology has become an important option for the precise manufacturing of complex-shaped metallic parts with high performance. The SLM AM process involves complicated physicochemical phenomena, thermodynamic behavior, and phase transformation as a high-energy laser beam melts loose powder particles. This paper provides multiscale modeling and coordinated control for the SLM of metallic materials including an aluminum (Al)-based alloy (AlSi10Mg), a nickel (Ni)-based super-alloy (Inconel 718), and ceramic particle-reinforced Al-based and Ni-based composites. The migration and distribution mechanisms of aluminium nitride (AlN) particles in SLM-processed Al-based nanocomposites and the in situ formation of a gradient interface between the reinforcement and the matrix in SLM-processed tungsten carbide (WC)/Inconel 718 composites were studied in the microscale. The laser absorption and melting/densification behaviors of AlSi10Mg and Inconel 718 alloy powder were disclosed in the mesoscale. Finally, the stress development during line-by-line localized laser scanning and the parameter-dependent control methods for the deformation of SLM-processed composites were proposed in the macroscale. Multiscale numerical simulation and experimental verification methods are beneficial in monitoring the complicated powder-laser interaction, heat and mass transfer behavior, and microstructural and mechanical properties development during the SLM AM process.
Keywords： Additive manufacturing Selective laser melting Multiscale modeling Thermodynamics Kinetics
Kang Huang, Shuhao Lin, Yu Xia, Yongsheng Xia, Feiyan Mu, Yuqin Lu, Hongyan Cao, Yixing Wang, Weihong Xing, Zhi Xu
Engineering 2023, Volume 28, Issue 9, Pages 69-78 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.11.008
Ion conductive membranes (ICMs) with highly conductive proton selectivity are of significant importance and greatly desired for energy storage devices. However, it is extremely challenging to construct fast proton-selective transport channels in ICMs. Herein, a membrane with highly conductive proton selectivity was fabricated by incorporating porous carbon sieving nanospheres with a hollow structure (HCSNs) in a polymer matrix. Due to the precise ion sieving ability of the microporous carbon shells and the fast proton transport through their accessible internal cavities, this advanced membrane presented a proton conductivity (0.084 S·cm−1) superior to those of a commercial Nafion 212 (N212) membrane (0.033 S·cm−1) and a pure polymer membrane (0.049 S·cm−1). The corresponding proton selectivity of the membrane (6.68 × 105 S·min·cm−3) was found to be enhanced by about 5.9-fold and 4.3-fold, respectively, compared with those of the N212 membrane (1.13 × 105 S·min·cm−3) and the pure membrane (1.56 × 105 S·min·cm−3). Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) clearly revealed the fast proton-selective transport channels enabled by the HCSNs in the polymeric membrane. The proposed membrane exhibited an outstanding energy efficiency (EE) of 84% and long-term stability over 1400 cycles with a 0.065% capacity decay per cycle at 120 mA·cm−2 in a typical vanadium flow battery (VFB) system.
Keywords： Ion conductive membrane Hollow carbon sieving nanosphere Proton transport channel Flow battery
Genomic Mutations within the Host Microbiome: Adaptive Evolution or Purifying Selection Review
Jiachao Zhang,Rob Knight,
Engineering 2023, Volume 20, Issue 1, Pages 96-102 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.11.018
Next-generation sequencing technology has transformed our ability to assess the taxonomic composition functions of host-associated microbiota and microbiomes. More human microbiome research projects—particularly those that explore genomic mutations within the microbiome—will be launched in the next decade. This review focuses on the coevolution of microbes within a microbiome, which shapes strain-level diversity both within and between host species. We also explore the correlation between microbial genomic mutations and common metabolic diseases, and the adaptive evolution of pathogens and probiotics during invasion and colonization. Finally, we discuss advances in methods and algorithms for annotating and analyzing microbial genomic mutations.
Keywords： Gut microbiota Genomic mutations Adaptive evolution Purifying selection Single-nucleotide variants
Afeature selection approach based on a similarity measure for software defect prediction Article
Qiao YU, Shu-juan JIANG, Rong-cun WANG, Hong-yang WANG
Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 11, Pages 1744-1753 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1601322
Keywords： Software defect prediction Feature selection Similarity measure Feature weights Feature ranking list
Title Author Date Type Operation
Wavelength-selective wavefront shaping by metasurface
Zixin CAI, Xin HE, Xin LIU, Shijie TU, Xinjie SUN, Paul BECKETT, Aditya DUBEY, Arnan MITCHELL, Guanghui REN, Xu LIU, Xiang HAO,xinhe.wins@outlook.com,guanghui.ren@rmit.edu.au,haox@zju.edu.cn
Journal Article
Monovalent Cation Exchange Membranes with Janus Charged Structure for Ion Separation
Wenguang Wang, Yanqiu Zhang, Xiaobin Yang, Haixiang Sun, Yadong Wu, Lu Shao
Journal Article
Selectively structural fractionation and economical-functionality conversion of lignocellulosic biomass
Chen Hongzhang,Qiu Weihua and Wang Lan
Journal Article
Selective and Independent Control of Microrobots in a Magnetic Field: A Review
Min Wang, Tianyi Wu, Rui Liu, Zhuoran Zhang, Jun Liu
Journal Article
Development of Micro Selective Laser Melting: The State of the Art and Future Perspectives
Balasubramanian Nagarajan, Zhiheng Hu, Xu Song, Wei Zhai, Jun Wei
Journal Article
Overall design and realization of selectivity leakage protection device in mines
Sun Yukun,Zhu Zhiying,Huang Zhenyue,Tang Ping
Journal Article
Ce-Doped Smart Adsorbents with Photoresponsive Molecular Switches for Selective Adsorption and Efficient Desorption
Peng Tan, Yao Jiang, Shi-Chao Qi, Xia-Jun Gao, Xiao-Qin Liu, Lin-Bing Sun
Journal Article
A Multi-wavelength Star Optical Network Reusing All Channel Wavelengths Three Times and Its Features
Gan Chaoqin
Journal Article
Two-step gate-recess process combining selective wet-etching and digital wet-etching for InAlAs/InGaAs InP-based HEMTs
Ying-hui ZHONG, Shu-xiang SUN, Wen-bin WONG, Hai-li WANG, Xiao-ming LIU, Zhi-yong DUAN, Peng DING, Zhi JIN
Journal Article
Engineering a High-Selectivity PVDF Hollow-Fiber Membrane for Cesium Removal
Shiyuan Ding, Lilan Zhang, Yang Li, Li´an Hou
Journal Article
Temperature effect on carbothermal reduction and nitridation synthesis of silicon nitride
Wan Xiaohan,Zhang Guangqing,Oleg Ostrovski and Hal Aral
Journal Article
A Multiscale Understanding of the Thermodynamic and Kinetic Mechanisms of Laser Additive Manufacturing
Dongdong Gu, Chenglong Ma, Mujian Xia, Donghua Dai, Qimin Shi
Journal Article
Highly Conductive Proton Selectivity Membrane Enabled by Hollow Carbon Sieving Nanospheres for Energy Storage Devices
Kang Huang, Shuhao Lin, Yu Xia, Yongsheng Xia, Feiyan Mu, Yuqin Lu, Hongyan Cao, Yixing Wang, Weihong Xing, Zhi Xu
Journal Article
Genomic Mutations within the Host Microbiome: Adaptive Evolution or Purifying Selection
Jiachao Zhang,Rob Knight,
Journal Article
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