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乳化炸药 2

油水分离 2

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上游操作 1

严格建模 1

乳液 1

乳液共聚合 1

乳状液 1

分子间力和表面力 1

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废水处理 1

植物生长调节剂 1

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乳化炸药结构与稳定性关系的研究

汪旭光,申英锋

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第2期   页码 24-29

摘要：

文章从结构角度出发，系统分析了乳化炸药乳胶体稳定性的各个因素，并得出了零渗透压体系在结构上最为稳定的结论。实验测定表明，几种较稳定的乳胶配方均接近为零渗透压体系。

关键词： 乳化炸药     结构     稳定性    

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Importance of emulsions in crystallization—applications for fat crystallization

Sandra PETERSEN, K. CHALEEPA, Joachim ULRICH

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第1期   页码 43-48 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1309-6

摘要： Emulsions and crystallization are two independent research topics which normally do not overlap although a combination of the two could be applicable to many areas. Here, the importance of emulsions in the field of fat crystallization is described. Three applications with industrial relevance were chosen for investigation: fat fractionation, the solidification of phase change materials and solid lipid nanoparticles. For fat fractionation and phase change materials, emulsification can be applied as a tool to improve the fat crystallization process, and thus the product quality of the crystallized fat. Furthermore, the use of emulsification creates new application fields such as solid lipid nanoparticles in the area of fat crystallization.

关键词： emulsion     fat crystallization     phase change material     emulsion fractionation     emulsion solidification    

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Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operating on different water in diesel emulsion

Seyed Saeed HOSEINI, Mohammad Amin SOBATI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 636-657 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0646-7

摘要： The nitrogen oxide (NO ) release of diesel engines can be reduced using water in diesel emulsion fuel without any engine modification. In the present paper, different formulations of water in diesel emulsion fuels were prepared by ultrasonic irradiation. The water droplet size in the emulsion, polydisperisty index, and the stability of prepared fuel was examined, experimentally. Afterwards, the performance characteristics and exhaust emission of a single cylinder air-cooled diesel engine were investigated using different water in diesel emulsion fuels. The effect of water content (in the range of 5%–10% by volume), surfactant content (in the range of 0.5%–2% by volume), and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) (in the range of 5–8) was examined using Box-Behnken design (BBD) as a subset of response surface methodology (RSM). Considering multi-objective optimization, the best formulation for the emulsion fuel was found to be 5% water, 2% surfactant, and HLB of 6.8. A comparison was made between the best emulsion fuel and the neat diesel fuel for engine performance and emission characteristics. A considerable decrease in the nitrogen oxide emission (–18.24%) was observed for the best emulsion fuel compared to neat diesel fuel.

关键词： water in diesel emulsion fuel     hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB)     response surface methodology (RSM)     emulsion stability     engine performance     exhaust emission    

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Optimising the oil phases of aluminium hydrogel-stabilised emulsions for stable, safe and efficient vaccine adjuvant

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 973-984 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2123-1

摘要： To increase antibody secretion and dose sparing, squalene-in-water aluminium hydrogel (alum)-stabilised emulsions (ASEs) have been developed, which offer increased surface areas and cellular interactions for higher antigen loading and enhanced immune responses. Nevertheless, the squalene (oil) in previous attempts suffered from limited oxidation resistance, thus, safety and stability were compromised. From a clinical translational perspective, it is imperative to screen the optimal oils for enhanced emulsion adjuvants. Here, because of the varying oleic to linoleic acid ratio, soybean oil, peanut oil, and olive oil were utilised as oil phases in the preparation of aluminium hydrogel-stabilised squalene-in-water emulsions, which were then screened for their stability and immunogenicity. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms of oil phases and emulsion stability were unravelled, which showed that a higher oleic to linoleic acid ratio increased anti-oxidative capabilities but reduced the long-term storage stability owing to the relatively low zeta potential of the prepared droplets. As a result, compared with squalene-in-water ASEs, soybean-in-water ASEs exhibited comparable immune responses and enhanced stability. By optimising the oil phase of the emulsion adjuvants, this work may offer an alternative strategy for safe, stable, and effective emulsion adjuvants.

关键词： pickering emulsion     vaccine adjuvant     alum-stabilised emulsion     oleic to linoleic acid ratio     stability    

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Porous ultrathin-shell microcapsules designed by microfluidics for selective permeation and stimuli-triggered release

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1643-1650 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2201-z

摘要： Microcapsules are versatile delivery vehicles and widely used in various areas. Generally, microcapsules with solid shells lack selective permeation and only exhibit a simple release mode. Here, we use ultrathin-shell water-in-oil-in-water double emulsions as templates and design porous ultrathin-shell microcapsules for selective permeation and multiple stimuli-triggered release. After preparation of double emulsions by microfluidic devices, negatively charged shellac nanoparticles dispersed in the inner water core electrostatically complex with positively charged telechelic α,ω-diamino functionalized polydimethylsiloxane polymers dissolved in the middle oil shell at the water/oil interface, thus forming a porous shell of shellac nanoparticles cross-linked by telechelic polymers. Subsequently, the double emulsions become porous microcapsules upon evaporation of the middle oil phase. The porous ultrathin-shell microcapsules exhibit excellent properties, including tunable size, selective permeation and stimuli-triggered release. Small molecules or particles can diffuse across the shell, while large molecules or particles are encapsulated in the core, and release of the encapsulated cargos can be triggered by osmotic shock or a pH change. Due to their unique performance, porous ultrathin-shell microcapsules present promising platforms for various applications, such as drug delivery.

关键词： microcapsule     emulsion     microfluidics     selective permeation     stimuli-triggered release    

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TiO@palygorskite composite for the efficient remediation of oil spills via a dispersion-photodegradation synergy

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1365-3

摘要：

• A novel and multi-functional clay-based oil spill remediation system was constructed.

关键词： Palygorskite     TiO2     Pickering emulsion     Oil spill     Dispersion     Photodegradation    

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用于锂离子电池的富醚/酯/氟黏结剂配方 Article

Xianqing Zeng, Donglin Han, Zeheng Li, Hongxun Wang, Gu Wu, Yong Deng, Kai Liu, Li Xie, Chengdu Liang, Min Ling, Yuchuan Huang

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第19卷 第12期   页码 199-206 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.05.020

摘要：

由于硅阳极体积膨胀过大，无法在高能量密度电池中实现实际应用。研究人员一直专注于在阳极中添加黏结剂以限制体积膨胀，来解决这一问题，因为黏结剂的氢键和机械性能可以用来增强黏附力和适应硅阳极的体积变化。在这里，我们综合考虑了黏结剂的氢键、力学性能、稳定性以及与电解液的相容性，设计了一种富醚/酯/氟的复合聚合物P(TFEMA-co-IBVE)。该黏结剂配方具有优异的稳定性、黏结性和机械强度，能够适应硅电极体积的剧烈变化，表现出优异的电化学性能，面积容量高达5.4 mA∙h∙cm−2。这种新型聚合物设计可应用于下一代锂离子电池的其他电极材料。

关键词： 硅阳极     乳液共聚合     氟原子     醚     酯    

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膜接触破乳——用于油包水乳液分离的超疏水ZIF-8@rGO膜 Article

顾佳慧, 瞿周, 张祥宁, 范红玮, 李春喜, Jürgen Caro, 孟洪

《工程（英文）》 2023年 第23卷 第4期   页码 73-81 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.02.017

摘要：

水-油界面不平衡是实现油包水乳液破乳的关键。传统膜通常是依赖较高的跨膜压力破坏界面平衡而实现破乳。本文提出了可自然、快速地破坏水-油界面平衡的“接触破乳”的概念，开发了一种对有机组分具有高通量的新型破乳分离膜。具体制备过程分为两步，首先通过真空辅助抽滤法在聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）基底上组装ZIF-8@rGO微球（ZGS）层，再采用聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）交联溶液进行固定化处理。由于ZGS表面为微纳米阶层结构，所制备的ZIF-8@rGO@PDMS/PTFE（ZGPP）膜表面展现出超疏水性特性，当表面活性剂稳定的油包水乳液接触到膜表面时，微纳结构的超疏水膜表面会引起水-油界面不平衡。ZGPP膜对油包水乳液具有良好的分离破乳性能，在0.15 bar（15 kPa）的低跨膜压力下，分离效率可以达到99.57%，通量可达到2254 L·m‒2·h‒1，且对于表面活性剂稳定的纳米级甲苯水乳液（平均液滴尺寸为57 nm）的体系也可以实现破乳分离。“接触破乳”概念的提出有望为开发新一代油包水乳液分离的破乳膜提供新的思路。

关键词： 油包水乳液     破乳     油水分离     超疏水膜    

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Gas marbles: ultra-long-lasting and ultra-robust bubbles formed by particle stabilization

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》   页码 1681-1687 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2180-0

摘要： Bubbles and foams are ubiquitous in daily life and industrial processes. Studying their dynamic behaviors is of key importance for foam manufacturing processes in food packaging, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Bare bubbles are inherently fragile and transient; enhancing their robustness and shelf lives is an ongoing challenge. Their rupture can be attributed to liquid evaporation, thin film drainage and the nuclei of environmental dust. Inspired by particle-stabilized interfaces in Pickering emulsions, armored bubbles and liquid marble, bubbles are protected by an enclosed particle-entrapping liquid thin film, and the resultant soft object is termed gas marble. The gas marble exhibits mechanical strength orders of magnitude higher than that of soap bubbles when subjected to overpressure and underpressure, owing to the compact particle monolayer straddling the surface liquid film. By using a water-absorbent glycerol solution, the resulting gas marble can persist for 465 d in normal atmospheric settings. This particle-stabilizing approach not only has practical implications for foam manufacturing processes but also can inspire the new design and fabrication of functional biomaterials and biomedicines.

关键词： bubble     particles     interfaces     armored bubble     liquid marble     gas marble     Pickering emulsion    

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包装型乳化炸药生产线重大危险源分析及预防措施

吴晓梦

《中国工程科学》 2014年 第16卷 第11期   页码 82-85

摘要：

乳化炸药具有良好的抗水性能、储存性能和爆轰性能，且制造工艺简单、成本低廉，已在全世界得到了广泛的推广应用。本文介绍了我国乳化炸药发展现状及生产工艺特点，结合当前国内外包装型乳化炸药的工艺技术特点，分析了乳化炸药生产线重大危险源，提出了确保乳化炸药生产本质安全的应对措施。

关键词： 乳化炸药     危险源     预防措施    

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A free-standing superhydrophobic film for highly efficient removal of water from turbine oil

Fan Shu, Meng Wang, Jinbo Pang, Ping Yu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 393-399 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1754-3

摘要： A free-standing superhydrophobic film is prepared by sequentially dip-coating a commercially available filter paper with nano SiO suspension, epoxy emulsion, and octyltrimethoxysilane solution. A surface with micro- or nano-roughness is formed because SiO nanoparticles are uniformly and firmly adhered on the backbone of the filter paper by the cured epoxy resin. Furthermore, the surface energy is significantly reduced because of introducing octytrimethoxysilane. Such a surface structure makes the prepared film a superhydrophobic material. Due to its free-standing nature, this superhydrophobic film can be used to remove water from turbine oil by filtration. The efficiency of water removal is high (up to 94.1%), and the filtration process is driven solely by gravity without extra energy consumption. Because of the facile fabrication process and the high efficiency of water removal, this free-standing superhydrophobic film may find application in power industry.

关键词： superhydrophobicity     nanoparticles     dip coating     epoxy emulsion     turbine oil    

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MILP synthesis of separation processes for waste oil-in-water emulsions treatment

Zorka N. Pintarič,Gorazd P. Škof,Zdravko Kravanja

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 120-130 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1559-1

摘要： This paper presents a novel synthesis method for designing integrated processes for oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions treatment. General superstructure involving alternative separation technologies is developed and modelled as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model for maximum annual profit. Separation processes in the superstructure are divided into three main sections of which the pretreatment and final treatment are limited to the selection of one alternative (or bypass) only, while within the intermediate section various combinations of different technologies in series can be selected. Integrated processes composed of selected separation techniques for given ranges of input chemical oxygen demand (COD) can be proposed by applying parametric analyses within the superstructure approach. This approach has been applied to an existing industrial case study for deriving optimal combinations of technologies for treating diverse oil-in-water emulsions within the range of input COD values between 1000 mg?L and 145000 mg?L . The optimal solution represents a flexible and profitable process for reducing the COD values below maximal allowable limits for discharging effluent into surface water.

关键词： oil-in-water emulsion     chemical oxygen demand     superstructure     process synthesis     MILP    

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Preparation of P

Wenjiang LI, Fei XIE, Dongxu HUA, Chunli ZHANG, Chen DAI, Zhenyun YU, Meizhou QI, Shaojun YU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 314-317 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0573-y

摘要： Silica hollow microspheres containing phosphorous have been prepared by a sol-gel/emulsion method which uses tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the precursor for the SiO and phosphoric acid (H PO ) as the precursor for P O . The hollow structure forms an emulsion system which is composed of an oil phase (kerosene, sorbitan monooleate (Span 80)) and an aqueous phase (a viscous sol solution of ethanol, TEOS and H PO ). Some of the phosphorous remains in the final silica shell structure even after calcination at 650°C. The hollow structure of the P O -SiO (silicophosphate) was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), polarized optical microscopy (POM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption measurement and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).

关键词： P2O5-SiO2     hollow microspheres     sol-gel/emulsion     phosphoric acid    

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炼油工业中的上游操作：静电聚结器的严格建模

Rossi Francesco, Colombo Simone, Pierucci Sauro, Ranzi Eliseo, Manenti Flavio

《工程（英文）》 2017年 第3卷 第2期   页码 220-231 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.02.013

摘要：

在炼油工业的上游操作中，静电聚结器装置被用来将油包水乳剂中的水从油中分离出来。本文从基本原理出发对影响静电聚结器性能的主要现象进行了描述，并主要针对静电聚结器装置建立了数学机理模型。另外，乳剂液滴的逐步凝结也以动态的形式在建模中被考虑进来，因为这一现象是影响装置操作整体收率的关键步骤。所建的差分系统及其边界条件被用来产生数值解，仿真结果证实了现有文献和工业数据，并针对主要参数进行了灵敏度分析。该数学模型在装置的设计、反应预测、性能监控以及优化中都能起到良好的作用。

关键词： 上游操作     静电聚结器     脱盐     严格建模     油包水乳剂    

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螺旋藻优质高产的新方法研究

刘德盛,庄惠如,郑凌凌,林嵩,胡宁三

《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第12期   页码 12-18

摘要：

螺旋藻是一种已有35亿年生命史的最古老的原核光合生物，已被联合国粮农组织（FAO）和世界卫生组织（WHO）誉为“21世纪最佳保健食品”。通过多年多点室内外试验研究，探明了TA乳粉促进螺旋藻优质高产的应用技术。在螺旋藻工厂化生产中，向养殖池添加TA0.01～0.02mg/L的TA乳粉，能促进螺旋藻的细胞分裂、增殖及藻丝生长，提高净光合速率和干物质积累，增强硝酸还原酶活力和呼吸强度，并显著提高蛋白质、氨基酸、藻蓝蛋白、β-胡萝卜素、叶绿素及类胡萝卜素等含量。在促进螺旋藻品质明显改善的同时，还能显著提高其生物产量，处理比对照的增产幅度可达1.19～1.76 g/d·m2，增产率20%～30%。用TA乳粉作为螺旋藻养殖的调节剂及其养殖工艺是一项新创举，并开拓了TA乳粉在微藻上应用研究的新领域，是促进螺旋藻优质高产的一种比较好的方法，应用前景十分广阔。

关键词： TA乳粉     螺旋藻     植物生长调节剂    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

乳化炸药结构与稳定性关系的研究

汪旭光,申英锋

期刊论文

Importance of emulsions in crystallization—applications for fat crystallization

Sandra PETERSEN, K. CHALEEPA, Joachim ULRICH

期刊论文

Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine operating on different water in diesel emulsion

Seyed Saeed HOSEINI, Mohammad Amin SOBATI

期刊论文

Optimising the oil phases of aluminium hydrogel-stabilised emulsions for stable, safe and efficient vaccine adjuvant

期刊论文

Porous ultrathin-shell microcapsules designed by microfluidics for selective permeation and stimuli-triggered release

期刊论文

TiO@palygorskite composite for the efficient remediation of oil spills via a dispersion-photodegradation synergy

期刊论文

用于锂离子电池的富醚/酯/氟黏结剂配方

Xianqing Zeng, Donglin Han, Zeheng Li, Hongxun Wang, Gu Wu, Yong Deng, Kai Liu, Li Xie, Chengdu Liang, Min Ling, Yuchuan Huang

期刊论文

膜接触破乳——用于油包水乳液分离的超疏水ZIF-8@rGO膜

顾佳慧, 瞿周, 张祥宁, 范红玮, 李春喜, Jürgen Caro, 孟洪

期刊论文

Gas marbles: ultra-long-lasting and ultra-robust bubbles formed by particle stabilization

期刊论文

包装型乳化炸药生产线重大危险源分析及预防措施

吴晓梦

期刊论文

A free-standing superhydrophobic film for highly efficient removal of water from turbine oil

Fan Shu, Meng Wang, Jinbo Pang, Ping Yu

期刊论文

MILP synthesis of separation processes for waste oil-in-water emulsions treatment

Zorka N. Pintarič,Gorazd P. Škof,Zdravko Kravanja

期刊论文

Preparation of P

Wenjiang LI, Fei XIE, Dongxu HUA, Chunli ZHANG, Chen DAI, Zhenyun YU, Meizhou QI, Shaojun YU

期刊论文

炼油工业中的上游操作：静电聚结器的严格建模

Rossi Francesco, Colombo Simone, Pierucci Sauro, Ranzi Eliseo, Manenti Flavio

期刊论文

螺旋藻优质高产的新方法研究

刘德盛,庄惠如,郑凌凌,林嵩,胡宁三

期刊论文