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Nanoscale cryptographic architecture design using quantum-dot cellular automata Regular Article

Bikash Debnath, Jadav Chandra Das, Debashis De,dr.debashis.de@gmail.com

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 11,   Pages 1578-1586 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800458

Abstract: The overall performance of QCA is high compared to traditional complementary metal-oxide semiconductor

Keywords： 量子点元胞自动机（QCA）；多数决定门密码学；加密；解密；纳米级路由    

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Nano-design of ultra-efficient reversible block based on quantum-dot cellular automata Research Article

Seyed Sajad AHMADPOUR, Nima Jafari NAVIMIPOUR, Mohammad MOSLEH, Senay YALCIN

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 3,   Pages 447-456 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200095

Abstract: Then, two non-resistant QCA ANG and reversible fault-tolerant ANG structures are implemented in QCA technology

Keywords： Nanotechnology     Reversible logic     Energy dissipation     Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA)     Reversible    

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Reversible binary subtractor design using quantumdot-cellular automata Article

Jadav Chandra DAS, Debashis DE

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2017, Volume 18, Issue 9,   Pages 1416-1429 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1600999

Abstract: In the field of nanotechnology, quantum dot-cellular automata(QCA) is the promising archetype that canhas been reported on QCA-basedreversible binary subtractors.In this paper we describethe design and implementation of a DG gate in QCA.The QCA building block of theDG gate is used to achieve new reversible binary subtractors.The proposedcircuits are designed and simulated using QCA Designer-2.0.3.

Keywords： Quantum dot-cellular automata (QCA)     Reversible logic     DG gate     Binary subtractor     Quantum cost    

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Introducing scalable 1-bit full adders for designing quantum-dot cellular automata arithmetic circuits Research Article

Hamideh KHAJEHNASIR-JAHROMI, Pooya TORKZADEH, Massoud DOUSTI,p-torkzadeh@srbiau.ac.ir,h.khajehnasir@srbiau.ac.ir,m_dousti@srbiau.ac.ir

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 8,   Pages 1264-1276 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100287

Abstract: This paper represents scalable 1-bit QCA structures based on cell interaction.Our proposed s encompass preference aspects of QCA design, such as a low number of cells used, low latencyAll designs were simulated and verified using QCA Designer-E version 2.2.

Keywords： Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA)     Full adder     Ripple carry adder (RCA)     Add/sub circuit     Multiplier    

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Low-power, high-speed, and area-efficient sequential circuits by quantum-dot cellular automata: T-latch and counter study Research Article

Mohammad GHOLAMI, Zaman AMIRZADEH

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023, Volume 24, Issue 3,   Pages 457-469 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200361

Abstract:

cellular automata (QCA)%29&ck%5B%5D=abstract&ck%5B%5D=keyword'> is a new nanotechnologyWe propose a new method for implementing a in QCA technology in this paper.The proposed method uses the intrinsic features of QCA in timing and clock phases, and therefore, the

Keywords： Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA)     Quantum-dot     T-latch     T-flip-flop     Counter     Selective counter     QCADesigner    

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A creative concept for designing and simulating quaternary logic gates in quantum-dot cellular automata Research Articles

Alireza Navidi, Reza Sabbaghi-Nadooshan, Massoud Dousti,alireza.navidi@srbiau.ac.ir,r_sabbaghi@iauctb.ac.ir,m_dousti@srbiau.ac.ir

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 11,   Pages 1441-1550 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000590

Abstract: Modeling systems and designing multiple-valued logic gates with QCA have advantages that facilitate the

Keywords： 量子点细胞自动机（QCA）；四值逻辑；量子点细胞自动模拟器（QCASim）；四值QCA（QQCA）；四值译码器；四值门    

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Cellular automata based multi-bit stuck-at fault diagnosis for resistive memory Research Article

Sutapa SARKAR, Biplab Kumar SIKDAR, Mousumi SAHA

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 7,   Pages 1110-1126 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100255

Abstract: This paper presents a group-based dynamic scheme intended for resistive random-access memory (ReRAM). Traditional static random-access memory, dynamic random-access memory, NAND, and NOR flash memory are limited by their scalability, power, package density, and so forth. Next-generation memory types like ReRAMs are considered to have various advantages such as high package density, non-volatility, scalability, and low power consumption, but has been a problem. Unreliable memory operation is caused by permanent stuck-at faults due to extensive use of write- or memory-intensive workloads. An increased number of stuck-at faults also prematurely limit chip lifetime. Therefore, a cellular automaton (CA) based dynamic stuck-at fault-tolerant design is proposed here to combat unreliable cell functioning and variable cell lifetime issues. A scalable, block-level fault diagnosis and recovery scheme is introduced to ensure readable data despite multi-bit stuck-at faults. The scheme is a novel approach because its goal is to remove all the restrictions on the number and nature of stuck-at faults in general fault conditions. The proposed scheme is based on Wolfram's null boundary and periodic boundary CA theory. Various special classes of CAs are introduced for 100% fault tolerance: (SACAs), (TACAs), and (MACAs). The target micro-architectural unit is designed with optimal space overhead.

Keywords： Resistive memory     Cell reliability     Stuck-at fault diagnosis     Single-length-cycle single-attractor cellular automata     Single-length-cycle two-attractor cellular automata     Single-length-cycle multiple-attractor cellular automata    

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A Multi-agent Model Based on Cellular Automata for Simulating Human Behavior to Assess Building Design

Fang Weifeng,Yang Lizhong,Huang Rui

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 67-71

Abstract:

In recent years, Cellular Automata (CA) micro-simulation has emerged as an effective technique for modeling traffic flow and achieved a lot of success. But the human movement and occupant evacuation are much more complex than traffic flow. It is necessary for us to consider more human behavior characteristics if try to apply the model in practice. For the advantages of agent in simulating human intelligence, a multi-agent model based on CA is presented which focuses on simulating the human behavior and the effect on human by building structure. In the model, people are represented by agents and they move over the network which is represented by a lattice of cells. Agents can perceive the local environment and chcx)se their moving direction autonomously. In order to simulate human movement in very complex structure building the acquainting and evacuating states based on the ideas of artificial life are introduced and that is proved successful in simulation. Using this model the effect of the building structure on human behavior can be studied and the performance of building design can be assessed.

Keywords： Cellular automata model     multi-agent     human behavior     performance-based design    

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Evacuation Analysis of a Large Shopping Mall

Song Weiguo,Yu Yanfei,Zhang Heping

Strategic Study of CAE 2005, Volume 7, Issue 10,   Pages 78-83

Abstract:

Along with the development of the society, it flows out more and more high-rise, underground and large-space buildings, of which the fire protection designs are sometimes beyond the requirements of existing national fire protection codes of China. Therefore, the performance-based fire protection design of buildings has been getting more and more chances of application. Evacuation analysis is one of the key problems in the performance-based design. In this paper, the performance-based design of a large shopping mall is introduced, and a cellular automata (CA) based evacuation model, i.e. the CAFE model is used to analyze the efficiency of evacuation. Because the interactions among pedestrians and those between pedestrians and environment are quantified in CAFE model, the values of evacuation time obtained through the model are slightly larger than those of an evacuation software, Simulex, indicating that the CAFE model is to some extent more conservative and the analysis results are with higher reliability.

Keywords： evacuation     performance-based design     cellular automata    

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Two-dimensional Controllable Cellular Automata BasedPseudo Random Bit Sequence Generator

Zhu Baoping,Ma Qian,Liu Fengyu

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 6,   Pages 43-47

Abstract:

A novel cellular automata (CA) — two-dimensional controllable CA — is proposed in this paper.  According to characteristics of two-dimensional controllable CA,  a pseudo random generating method based on two-dimensional controllable CA with a trapezoidal structure is presented.  Simulation demonstrates that pseudo random bit sequence generator based on the two-dimensional controllable CA with a trapezoidal structure is easily implemented,  and can generate high speed bit sequence and excellent statistical properties.  This novel CA is widely used in symmetrical cryptography.

Keywords： cellular automata     pseudorandom number generators     controllable     cryptography    

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State space optimization of finite state machines from the viewpoint of control theory Research Article

Jumei Yue, Yongyi Yan, Zengqiang Chen, He Deng,yjm@mail.nankai.edu.cn,yyyan@mail.nankai.edu.cn

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2021, Volume 22, Issue 12,   Pages 1551-1684 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000608

Abstract: Motivated by the inconvenience or even inability to explain the mathematics of the state of (FSMs) in most existing results, we consider the problem by viewing FSMs as logical dynamic systems. Borrowing ideas from the concept of equilibrium points of dynamic systems in control theory, the concepts of -equivalent states and -source equivalent states are introduced. Based on the state transition dynamic equations of FSMs proposed in recent years, several mathematical formulations of -equivalent states and -source equivalent states are proposed. These can be analogized to the necessary and sufficient conditions of equilibrium points of dynamic systems in control theory and thus give a mathematical explanation of the optimization problem. Using these mathematical formulations, two methods are designed to find all the -equivalent states and -source equivalent states of FSMs. Further, two ways of reducing the state space of FSMs are found. These can be implemented without computers but with only pen and paper in a mathematical manner. In addition, an open question is raised which can further improve these methods into unattended ones. Finally, the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed methods are verified by a practical language model.

Keywords： 有限状态自动机；有限值系统；逻辑系统；逻辑网络；矩阵半张量积；空间优化    

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Indeterminacy Causal Inductive Automatic Reasoning Mechanism Based On Fuzzy State Describing

Yang Bingru,Tang Jing

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 5,   Pages 44-50

Abstract:

New framework of knowledge representation of fuzzy language field and fuzzy language value structure is shown in this paper. Then the generalized cell automation that can synthetically process fuzzy indeterminacy and random indeterminacy and the generalized inductive logic causal model are brought forward. On this basis, the new logic indeterminate causal inductive automatic reasoning mechanism which is based on fuzzy state describing is brought forward. At the end of this paper its application in the development of intelligent controller is discussed.

Keywords： language field     language value structure     generalized cell automation     generalized inductive logic causal model     automatic reasoning     intelligent controller    

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Research on Multi-level Software Rejuvenationof Computing System

You Jing,Xu Jian,Li Qianmu, Liu Fengyu

Strategic Study of CAE 2007, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 36-37

Abstract:

Recently,the phenomenon of software aging,one in which error conditions actually accrue with time and/or load,has been observed. To counteract software aging, which can cause outages resulting in high costs,a proactive restart technique called software rejuvenation is proposed and the rejuvenation cost is analyzed.In order to reduce the rejuvenation cost and improve software availability and reliability further, rejuvenation granularity should be finer than before. Therefore a fine-grained proactive technique——multilevel software rejuvenation is put forward. Firstly, the degradation law of system performance can be determined by analyzing the occupation and wastage of system resources. Based on the law and the software architecture,the two software rejuvenation policies, i.e. time-based multilevel software rejuvenation policy and detection-based multilevel software rejuvenation policy, can be drafted, and the rejuvenation granularity can be determined. Their formal description of policies is given by finite-state automaton. Finally, the entire process is illustrated with a web service case. This paper provides a case to illustrate the process, and the simulation results of the case show that the multilevel software rejuvenation policy can reduce the MTTR and rejuvenation cost further, comparing with the only system-level software rejuvenation. As a consequence,the system availability and reliability are enhanced.

Keywords： source filter     neural network     hysteresis comparator    

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Zirconia quantum dots for a nonvolatile resistive random access memory device Regular Papers

Xiang-lei HE, Rui-jie TANG, Feng YANG, Mayameen S. KADHIM, Jie-xin WANG, Yuan PU, Dan WANG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019, Volume 20, Issue 12,   Pages 1698-1705 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900363

Abstract: We propose a nonvolatile resistive random access memory device by employing nanodispersion of zirconia (ZrO2) quantum dots (QDs) for the formation of an active layer. The memory devices comprising a typical sandwich structure of Ag (top)/ZrO2 (active layer)/Ti (bottom) are fabricated using a facile spin-coating method. The optimized device exhibits a high resistance state/low resistance state resistance difference (about 10 Ω), a good cycle performance (the number of cycles larger than 100), and a relatively low conversion current (about 1 μA). Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscope are used to observe the surface morphology and stacking state of the ZrO2 active layer. Experimental results show that the ZrO2 active layer is stacked compactly and has a low roughness (Ra=4.49 nm) due to the uniform distribution of the ZrO2 QDs. The conductive mechanism of the Ag/ZrO2/Ti device is analyzed and studied, and the conductive filaments of Ag ions and oxygen vacancies are focused on to clarify the resistive switching memory behavior. This study offers a facile approach of memristors for future electronic applications.

Keywords： Zirconia quantum dot     Resistive switching     Memory device     Spin coating    

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A Co-Point Mapping-Based Approach to Drivable Area Detection for Self-Driving Cars Article

Ziyi Liu,Siyu Yu,Nanning Zheng

Engineering 2018, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 479-490 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.010

Abstract:

The randomness and complexity of urban traffic scenes make it a difficult task for self-driving cars to detect drivable areas. Inspired by human driving behaviors, we propose a novel method of drivable area detection for self-driving cars based on fusing pixel information from a monocular camera with spatial information from a light detection and ranging (LIDAR) scanner. Similar to the bijection of collineation, a new concept called co-point mapping, which is a bijection that maps points from the LIDAR scanner to points on the edge of the image segmentation, is introduced in the proposed method. Our method positions candidate drivable areas through self-learning models based on the initial drivable areas that are obtained by fusing obstacle information with superpixels. In addition, a fusion of four features is applied in order to achieve a more robust performance. In particular, a feature called drivable degree (DD) is proposed to characterize the drivable degree of the LIDAR points. After the initial drivable area is characterized by the features obtained through self-learning, a Bayesian framework is utilized to calculate the final probability map of the drivable area. Our approach introduces no common hypothesis and requires no training steps; yet it yields a state-of-art performance when tested on the ROAD-KITTI benchmark. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is a general and efficient approach for detecting drivable area.

Keywords： Drivable area     Self-driving     Data fusion     Co-point mapping    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Nanoscale cryptographic architecture design using quantum-dot cellular automata

Bikash Debnath, Jadav Chandra Das, Debashis De,dr.debashis.de@gmail.com

Journal Article

Nano-design of ultra-efficient reversible block based on quantum-dot cellular automata

Seyed Sajad AHMADPOUR, Nima Jafari NAVIMIPOUR, Mohammad MOSLEH, Senay YALCIN

Journal Article

Reversible binary subtractor design using quantumdot-cellular automata

Jadav Chandra DAS, Debashis DE

Journal Article

Introducing scalable 1-bit full adders for designing quantum-dot cellular automata arithmetic circuits

Hamideh KHAJEHNASIR-JAHROMI, Pooya TORKZADEH, Massoud DOUSTI,p-torkzadeh@srbiau.ac.ir,h.khajehnasir@srbiau.ac.ir,m_dousti@srbiau.ac.ir

Journal Article

Low-power, high-speed, and area-efficient sequential circuits by quantum-dot cellular automata: T-latch and counter study

Mohammad GHOLAMI, Zaman AMIRZADEH

Journal Article

A creative concept for designing and simulating quaternary logic gates in quantum-dot cellular automata

Alireza Navidi, Reza Sabbaghi-Nadooshan, Massoud Dousti,alireza.navidi@srbiau.ac.ir,r_sabbaghi@iauctb.ac.ir,m_dousti@srbiau.ac.ir

Journal Article

Cellular automata based multi-bit stuck-at fault diagnosis for resistive memory

Sutapa SARKAR, Biplab Kumar SIKDAR, Mousumi SAHA

Journal Article

A Multi-agent Model Based on Cellular Automata for Simulating Human Behavior to Assess Building Design

Fang Weifeng,Yang Lizhong,Huang Rui

Journal Article

Evacuation Analysis of a Large Shopping Mall

Song Weiguo,Yu Yanfei,Zhang Heping

Journal Article

Two-dimensional Controllable Cellular Automata BasedPseudo Random Bit Sequence Generator

Zhu Baoping,Ma Qian,Liu Fengyu

Journal Article

State space optimization of finite state machines from the viewpoint of control theory

Jumei Yue, Yongyi Yan, Zengqiang Chen, He Deng,yjm@mail.nankai.edu.cn,yyyan@mail.nankai.edu.cn

Journal Article

Indeterminacy Causal Inductive Automatic Reasoning Mechanism Based On Fuzzy State Describing

Yang Bingru,Tang Jing

Journal Article

Research on Multi-level Software Rejuvenationof Computing System

You Jing,Xu Jian,Li Qianmu, Liu Fengyu

Journal Article

Zirconia quantum dots for a nonvolatile resistive random access memory device

Xiang-lei HE, Rui-jie TANG, Feng YANG, Mayameen S. KADHIM, Jie-xin WANG, Yuan PU, Dan WANG

Journal Article

A Co-Point Mapping-Based Approach to Drivable Area Detection for Self-Driving Cars

Ziyi Liu,Siyu Yu,Nanning Zheng

Journal Article