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Reflection on Development Strategy of Engineering Management Discipline in China

Ying-luo Wang

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第2期页码 218-224 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2014029

摘要： A large number of engineering management professionals are required to promote engineering management efficiency, but the existing engineering management training system has some gaps with economical and social development in China. Development of engineering management discipline has very important strategic significance in China. This paper explores the disciplinary characteristics of engineering management, and analyzes the developmental issues about education of engineering management discipline. Meanwhile, the paper also proposes that the construction for development strategy of China’s engineering management discipline should be accelerated in the following aspects: Theoretical system of engineering management must be built and methodology of engineering management needs to be explored and perfected; advantages of various universities should be fully expressed, to show their own characteristics with accurate and reasonable positioning; knowledge system of engineering management discipline must be organized and integrated; practical ability of engineering management professionals needs to be promoted; education level of engineering management discipline should be perfected and training objectives at various levels must be clarified; teaching methods and means have to be reformed.

关键词： engineering management disciplinary characteristics development strategy

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Development of splenic surgery in China

JIANG Hongchi, ZHAO Xianqi, GAO Yue

《医学前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第2期页码 126-129 doi: 10.1007/s11684-007-0024-4

摘要： Splenic surgery has enjoyed rapid progress for the past decades in China. Based on continuously solidifying theories and clinical practice, many advanced concepts with applicable clinical frameworks have been established, thus making splenic surgery an indispensable division in modern surgery. In this study, the authors try to give an overview of the developments in this field. Spleen function is a key issue that generally guides advances in splenic surgery. The old knowledge of the dispensable spleen has been abandoned, while the exact role that it plays in the body continues to be unveiled. Now, standard grading for splenic injury and the respective guidelines for clinical management have been established, with the use of selective instead of indiscriminate splenectomy being accepted by most experts. Various spleen sparing operations have been developed, while many advanced techniques such as laparoscopy have been introduced to splenic surgery. Spleen transplantation has greatly advanced in China, even though there are still many unsolved mysteries in this field. Altogether, splenic surgery is a new and prosperous discipline, and it is a tremendous stage for young surgeons to be part of.

关键词： function respective prosperous discipline knowledge indispensable division

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Development of Engineering Management Education in China

Chuan-jun Zheng,Hu Cheng

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第3期页码 304-310 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015046

摘要： Engineering management (EM) is a new interdisciplinary field accompanying China’s economic and social development. To have a systemic research of the present situation and future orientation on China’s EM education, this paper compares the connotation of engineering and engineering management based on the gap of their differences at home and abroad, with gained causes between them. Then, this paper analyzes the training system of 35 authenticated universities with the program of engineering management, which had received the certification from the Engineering Management Assessment Committee for Higher Education Institutions under the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of China by 2014. With a web survey of the present condition of engineering management education at these universities, the paper discusses the disciplinary attribution of engineering management. Through the above research, this paper concludes with three suggestions for the long-term development of engineering management education in China.

关键词： engineering management education discipline development China

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创建知识系统工程学科

王众托

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第12期页码 1-9

摘要：

介绍了如何在钱学森的系统科学与思维科学思想的启发和指引下，创建知识系统工程学科，知识系统工程的任务与内涵，知识系统的组成要素和功能；提出了知识系统的组织、人员、技术、经营和文化的体系结构；分析了知识系统的运作过程；特别对创新过程中知识的集成、转化与新知识的生成提出了一些新的观点。

关键词：知识管理系统工程知识系统工程创新知识集成

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打破学科界限的整合课程学习——全球STEM 课程的开发

Katherine Shirey

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第2期页码 170-174 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.03.006

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工程工程系统工程系统论与工程科学体系

王连成

《中国工程科学》 2001年第3卷第6期页码 15-18

摘要：

从分析工程的基本内容、性质和特征人手，引出了工程系统的概念，接着应用一般系统论思想讨论了工程系统论的研究对象和研究方法，并论述了它在整个工程科学体系中的元学科地位。

关键词：工程系统系统论学科

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Digital manufacturing—the development direction of the manufacturing technology in the 21st century

XIONG You-lun, YIN Zhou-ping

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年第1卷第2期页码 125-130 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0021-3

摘要： After introducing the concepts of digital manufacturing technology, the discipline framework of digital manufacturing is presented in the paper by discussing its basic concept, theory foundation, key technology and scientific problems in detail. As the core of the advanced manufacturing technology, digital manufacturing is gradually becoming the main manufacturing technology of the twenty-first century. Firstly, the main features of digital manufacturing are indicated and its key supporting technologies are investigated by grouping them into four levels related to product development, numerical control, production management, and enterprise collaboration, respectively. Moreover, the existing problems in the research on the multi-discipline theory foundation of digital manufacturing such as manufacturing informatics, computational manufacturing, and manufacturing intelligence, are also indicated. Then, the core scientific problems of digital manufacturing are discussed in depth, which focuses on digitization of manufacturing information, modeling of manufacturing constraints, high-speed and high-precision numerical control theory, and Internet-based collaboration and integration. Lastly, the development trends and application perspectives of digital manufacturing are concluded.

关键词： development foundation multi-discipline scientific supporting

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跨学科的地质灾害预警工程

姚学祥,徐晶

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第6期页码 9-14

摘要：

滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害受多种因素的影响，地质灾害预报警报工程体系的建立需要多部门、多学科的合作。2003年6月1日中国气象局和国土资源部联合启动了全国地质灾害气象预警业务，取得了很好的社会和经济效益。分析了我国滑坡泥石流等地质灾害的时空分布特点及其与降雨等多因素、多学科的关系。介绍了国家级地质灾害预报警报业务系统的有关技术，并分析了存在的问题，结合国内外的技术发展现状和趋势，提出了从地球系统5大圈层相互作用的角度研究地质灾害，建立多学科多部门合作的地质灾害监测、预报、警报和防治体系等建议。

关键词：地质灾害泥石流滑坡预警工程

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智能源于人、拓于工——人工智能发展的一点思考

蒋昌俊,王俊丽

《中国工程科学》 2018年第20卷第6期页码 93-100 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2018.06.015

摘要：

人工智能（AI）旨在模拟人脑中信息存储和处理机制等智能行为，使机器具有一定程度的智能水平。随着互联网、大数据、云计算和深度学习等新一代信息技术的飞速发展，目前AI领域的研究和应用已经取得重要进展。本文将深入分析与AI密切相关的计算机科学、控制科学、类脑智能、人脑智能等学科或领域之间的交融与历史演进；指出神经科学、脑科学与认知科学中有关脑的结构与功能机制的研究成果，为构建智能计算模型提供了重要的启发，并从逻辑模型及系统、神经元及网络模型、视觉神经分层机制等方面，分别阐述智能的驱动与发展；最后从互联网的计算理论、AI的演算和计算的融合、类脑智能的模型和机理、AI对神经科学的推动作用、反馈计算的算法设计与控制系统的能级五个方面，对AI的发展趋势进行了展望。

关键词：人工智能人脑智能类脑智能智能发展学科演进

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我国护理体系现存突出问题的探索及建设策略

皮红英,孟文文,章洁,支晨,赵婷

《中国工程科学》 2017年第19卷第2期页码 79-83 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.02.013

摘要：

本文运用文献研究法、问卷调查法及专家咨询法来探索当前我国护理体系存在的问题，围绕护理人力资源配置、学科发展建设、护理价值实现三方面分析现存的突出问题并提出对策建议。分析结果表明，护理人力资源配置，在护士数量、学历水平、年龄结构、队伍稳定性等方面存在问题；在护理学科发展建设方面，专业课程设置、人才培养模式、经费投入问题较为突出；护理服务价格偏低、护士收入偏低、护理价值得不到体现同样是阻碍护理事业发展的关键问题。针对上述突出问题，在加强护理队伍建设和提升护理服务质量、加快学科建设和人才培养、健全护理收费标准和提高护士待遇三方面提出对策建议及建设策略，以期为构建新型护理体系提供依据。

关键词：护理体系护理服务人力资源护理经济学护理学科建设