In the coming decades, artificial intelligence (AI) will transform society and the world economy in ways as profound as the changes brought by general-purpose technologies in past centuries, such as the steam engine, electricity, the computer, and the Internet—and likely at an even faster pace. Moreover, many researchers are pursuing more general AI systems that are largely smarter than humans in any intellectual task, known as artificial general intelligence (AGI). The development and deployment of trustworthy, reliable, and interpretable AI should be a priority, ensuring that the benefits of AI advancements are shared equitably while mitigating potential risks. The goal of AGI is not only to be technologically general but also to enable intelligent technologies to better empower society and benefit humanity. This special issue reports on different aspects of a recent rethinking of AGI to empower society and humanity, including theoretical research, algorithmic models, and practical methodologies.