检索范围：
排序： 展示方式：
卞从胜,王红军,汪泽成,徐兆辉
《中国工程科学》 2012年 第14卷 第7期 页码 74-80
川中地区是目前须家河组已发现的储量集中区，由于气源的不充分性导致气藏含水饱和度高，规模经济开发难度偏大。在成藏条件综合研究的基础上，评价认为须家河组下一步勘探潜力区主要分布在川中西部的金华—蓬溪地区须二和须四段，以及川西北部的剑阁—柘坝场地区须三段，这些区域气源灶发育，生气强度大，储层保持较好，且构造和裂缝发育，多口高产气井和规模储量的发现表明其成藏潜力巨大，将成为须家河组天然气勘探的重要新领域。
申明亮,陈立华,陈伟,盛乐民,苏军安
《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第6期 页码 68-73
针对向家坝工程大坝施工特点，系统地分析了混凝土坝施工过程中的各主要因素之间相互联系和制约关系。
尹海龙,葛佳宁,徐祖信,徐晋
《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第5期 页码 169-176 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.05.020
新修订的《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》增加了建立河长制的要求，从法律层面明确了各级首长对行政区域水环境治理的责任。本文在评估分析我国河长制实施成效、现有考核方法体系及其不足的基础上，提出了河湖断面综合水质评价和污水管网污染负荷截污率两种量化考核方法，以提高河长制成效考核的科学合理性。文章以上海市苏州河治理为例，介绍了综合水质考核方法的应用。分析了我国各省（区、市）的污染负荷截污率，发现全国平均仍有34%的污水未经处理排放入河道，造成河道水质反复恶化。将河湖断面综合水质评价和污染负荷截污率纳入河长考核，将会有效推动各地政府将人力、物力、财力集聚到城市排水管网改造和河道截污工作，推动水污染防治取得实实在在的成效。
夏家辉
《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第11期 页码 1-11
关键词： 遗传病家系 基因定位和克隆 基因家族-候选疾病基因克隆 基因组扫描 基因功能研究
毛河光, Craig M. Schiffries
《工程（英文）》 2019年 第5卷 第3期 页码 393-394 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.05.003
张肇伸
《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第9期 页码 1-8
详细介绍了国外顾问工程师管理土木工程的工作程序，论述了我国在土木工程投标文件编制、施工技术规范、开标以及施工中的材料与工艺试验等方面的有待改进之处。建议我国所有的土木工程施工合同都写上已由国外引进的土木工程施工合同条款以及由设计工程师编写的施工技术规范，才有望防止土木工程界的腐败行为，建成百年之内决不会垮塌的工程。
关键词： 工程师制度 土木工程施工合同条款 施工技术规范
代谢组扩展生物学的“旁中心法则”——对理解基因组学-糖组学-代谢组学-表观基因组学互作的意义
Albert Stuart Reece
《工程（英文）》 2023年 第26卷 第7期 页码 16-16 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.011
The central dogma of biology holds that the transcription of DNA into RNA and the translation of RNA into proteins forms the primary axis of biological activity [1]. Following major advances in the description of the complex glycan and lipid chains that are added onto these basic building blocks, the glycome and lipidome have recently been added to this doctrine as an exciting new extension named the ‘‘paracentral dogma” [2]. However, it has been pointed out that biological systems can include many layers, which are described in modern omics technology platforms relating to both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic layers of control, including metabolomic, microbiomic, immunological, epigenomic, epitranscriptomic, proteomic and phosphoproteomic layers [3].
It is well known that stem and progenitor cells have a metabolism that is based on glycolysis and glutaminolysis [4]. Although this provides less energy to the cell than oxidative phosphorylation, it suffices for these cells’ needs, since such cells are generally relatively quiescent and normally suppress energy-intensive processes such as genome duplication and transcription. Moreover, it has been shown that the high intracellular lactate levels involved in such states not only inhibits the key gatekeeper enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation (i.e., pyruvate dehydrogenase and carnitine palmitoyl acyltransferase) but also actually covalently modifies them by lactylation in order to maintain this inhibited metabolic–epigenomic state [5]. In addition, intermediate metabolism and nutrients are the source of the very extensive library of post-translational modifications to DNA, RNA, and proteins, as well as supplying cellular energy for many of the required reactions. Hence, the metabolic state locks in and reinforces the epigenomic state, and the metabolome and epigenome thereby play mutually reinforcing roles. This self-reinforcing coordination explains why it is so difficult to generate induced pluripotent cells and is a contributory explanation for why the described protocols typically have such low cellular yields.
These concepts become even more important when it is considered that cancer cells are de-differentiated, similarly rely on glycolysis and glutaminolysis, and are similarly metabolically–epigenomically–genomically synchronized. The disruption of this metabolic system is a key focus of mechanistic cancer research.
These important considerations imply that the descriptive and predictive power of the newly described ‘‘paracentral dogma” of biology may be usefully and meaningfully extended by including the metabolome, along with the genome, transcriptome, proteome, glycome, and lipidome, to describe cell-intrinsic regulation—not only in terms of another omics analytical layer but also as a fully predictive and interactive partner in the symphonic-like multilayer coordination that evidently comprises cellular regulatory layering.
邹家炎,陈少纯
《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第8期 页码 86-93
概述了稀散金属--镓、铟、铊、锗、硒、碲、铼的资源、产业、应用、市场等方面的现状，着重论述了稀散金属在当代高新技术发展中和在经济建设中所发挥的重要作用，对我国稀散金属产业的发展提出了保护资源，合理开发，适度规模，协调发展的思路。
李炜
《中国工程科学》 2002年 第4卷 第1期 页码 82-88
概述了组播路由协议。分析了协议独立的组播路由一稀疏模式（PIM-SM)的缺陷，提出多个会聚 点（RPs)的PIM-SM的改进机制。分析了 PIM-SM实现细 节和组播技术的前景。
人类蛋白质N-糖基化的十二年全基因组关联研究 Review
Anna Timoshchuk, Sodbo Sharapov, Yurii S. Aulchenko
《工程（英文）》 2023年 第26卷 第7期 页码 17-31 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.013
Most human-secreted and membrane-bound proteins have covalently attached oligosaccharide chains, or glycans. Glycosylation influences the physical and chemical properties of proteins, as well as their biological functions. Unsurprisingly, alterations in protein glycosylation have been implicated in a growing number of human diseases, and glycans are increasingly being considered as potential therapeutic targets, an essential part of therapeutics, and biomarkers. Although glycosylation pathways are biochemically well-studied, little is known about the networks of genes that guide the cell- and tissue-specific regulation of these biochemical reactions in humans in vivo. The lack of a detailed understanding of the mechanisms regulating glycome variation and linking the glycome to human health and disease is slowing progress in clinical applications of human glycobiology. Two of the tools that can provide much sought-after knowledge of human in vivo glycobiology are human genetics and genomics, which offer a powerful data-driven agnostic approach for dissecting the biology of complex traits. This review summarizes the current state of human populational glycogenomics. In Section 1, we provide a brief overview of the N-glycan's structural organization, and in Section 2, we give a description of the major blood plasma glycoproteins. Next, in Section 3, we summarize, systemize, and generalize the results from current N-glycosylation genome-wide association studies (GWASs) that provide novel knowledge of the genetic regulation of the populational variation of glycosylation. Until now, such studies have been limited to an analysis of the human blood plasma N-glycome and the N-glycosylation of immunoglobulin G and transferrin. While these three glycomes make up a rather limited set compared with the enormous multitude of glycomes of different tissues and glycoproteins, the study of these three does allow for powerful analysis and generalization. Finally, in Section 4, we turn to genes in the established loci, paying particular attention to genes with strong support in Section 5. At the end of the review, in Sections 6 and 7, we describe special cases of interest in light of new discoveries, focusing on possible mechanisms of action and biological targets of genetic variation that have been implicated in human protein N-glycosylation.
超高压下的极端含能材料 Perspective
毛河光, 吉诚, 李冰, 刘罡, Eugene Gregoryanz
《工程（英文）》 2020年 第6卷 第9期 页码 976-980 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.07.010
含有极高能量密度的单键聚合氮和单原子金属氢，常被称为极端含能材料。虽然它们需要几百吉帕的超高压才能合成，并且难以直接应用，但是研究它们的稳定性、亚稳定性和其他基本特性，仍然对另辟蹊径寻找极端含能材料甚有价值。在100~200 GPa，已经发现了多种结晶态和非晶态的聚合氮。立方偏转结构聚合氮和黑磷结构聚合氮是两种特别有意思的聚合氮，它们的滞后保存现象提供了进一步探索氮应用的前景。另外，虽然金属氢被预估具有最高的能量密度，但预测只能保存皮秒（ps）的寿命和只能合成皮克（pg）的质量，还不是一个有实用可能性的材料。因此金属氢应被定位为一个兴趣导向的基础科研课题，主要聚焦压力下分子氢的晶体构造和电子结构的奇妙演化过程，即从低密度超宽能带的绝缘体，到窄能带的半导体，再到高密度的分子金属和原子金属，最后到前所未有的崭新物理态。这些挑战驱动着超高压科学和技术的持续创新和突破。
标题 作者 时间 类型 操作
陈景河：矿业工程的绿色高质量发展道路探索（2019年12月22日）
陈景河(高级职称)
2021年01月20日
会议视频
京公网安备 11010502051620号
