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Tissue Engineering： Leading Edge of Modern Bio-life Science
Zhang Disheng
Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 10, Pages 21-25
Tissue engineering, applying the theories of cell biology and engineering, is a new scientific field to study and develop biologic substitutes for repairing tissue defects and restoring organ function. Succeeding cytobiology and molecular biology, it is a new mile stone in life science, marking that in medical science we will step into a new era-fabricating tissues and organs for transplantation .
This paper discusses briefly the historical development of tissue engineering, the status of researches in different kinds of tissue and organ, and present development and acheivements in tissue engineering in China.
Due to its great scientific value and wide applying prospect, tissue engineering is becoming the central point in life science research in the 21 st century. Accordingly, establishing and developing tissue engineering enterprise as soon as possible is of great significance in accelerating medical science and national economy development.
Keywords： tissue engineering degradable material reconstruction of tissue and organ seed cell
Noncoding RNAs and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications in Tissue Engineering
Shiying Li, Tianmei Qian, Xinghui Wang, Jie Liu, Xiaosong Gu
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 3-15 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.005
Tissue engineering is a relatively new but rapidly developing field in the medical sciences. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional RNA molecules without a protein-coding function; they can regulate cellular behavior and change the biological milieu of the tissue. The application of ncRNAs in tissue engineering is starting to attract increasing attention as a means of resolving a large number of unmet healthcare needs, although ncRNA-based approaches have not yet entered clinical practice. In-depth research on the regulation and delivery of ncRNAs may improve their application in tissue engineering. The aim of this review is: to outline essential ncRNAs that are related to tissue engineering for the repair and regeneration of nerve, skin, liver, vascular system, and muscle tissue; to discuss their regulation and delivery; and to anticipate their potential therapeutic applications.
Keywords： Tissue engineering Noncoding RNAs MicroRNAs Nerve Skin Liver Vascular system Muscle
Tissue Engineering Is Under Way
Xiaosong Gu
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 2-2 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.016
3D Photo-Fabrication for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery Review
Rúben F. Pereira, Paulo J. Bártolo
Engineering 2015, Volume 1, Issue 1, Pages 90-112 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015015
The most promising strategies in tissue engineering involve the integration of a triad of biomaterials, living cells, and biologically active molecules to engineer synthetic environments that closely mimic the healing milieu present in human tissues, and that stimulate tissue repair and regeneration. To be clinically effective, these environments must replicate, as closely as possible, the main characteristics of the native extracellular matrix (ECM) on a cellular and subcellular scale. Photo-fabrication techniques have already been used to generate 3D environments with precise architectures and heterogeneous composition, through a multi-layer procedure involving the selective photocrosslinking reaction of a light-sensitive prepolymer. Cells and therapeutic molecules can be included in the initial hydrogel precursor solution, and processed into 3D constructs. Recently, photo-fabrication has also been explored to dynamically modulate hydrogel features in real time, providing enhanced control of cell fate and delivery of bioactive compounds. This paper focuses on the use of 3D photo-fabrication techniques to produce advanced constructs for tissue regeneration and drug delivery applications. State-of-the-art photo-fabrication techniques are described, with emphasis on the operating principles and biofabrication strategies to create spatially controlled patterns of cells and bioactive factors. Considering its fast processing, spatiotemporal control, high resolution, and accuracy, photo-fabrication is assuming a critical role in the design of sophisticated 3D constructs. This technology is capable of providing appropriate environments for tissue regeneration, and regulating the spatiotemporal delivery of therapeutics.
Keywords： 3D photo-fabrication biomaterials tissue engineering drug delivery
Leading Approaches to Vascularize Kidney Constructs in Tissue Engineering Review
Diana S. Lim, John D. Jackson, Anthony Atala, James J. Yoo
Engineering 2022, Volume 19, Issue 12, Pages 117-127 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.05.004
There is an unprecedented need for new treatments for renal failure, as the incidence of this disease is increasing disproportionately to advancements in therapies. Current treatments are limited by the availability of viable organs, for which there is a worldwide lack. These treatment modalities also require a substantial amount of infrastructure, significantly limiting the access to care in most countries. Kidney tissue engineering approaches promise to develop alternative solutions that address many of the inadequacies in current care. Although many advancements have been made—primarily in the past decade—in biofabrication and whole-organ tissue engineering, many challenges remain. One major hindrance to the progress of current tissue engineering approaches is establishing successful vascularization of developed engineered tissue constructs. This review focuses on the recent advancements that address the vascular challenge, including the biofabrication of vasculature, whole-organ engineering through decellularization and recellularization approaches, microscale organogenesis, and vascularization using organoids in the context of kidney tissue engineering. We also highlight the specific challenges that remain in developing successful strategies capable of clinical translation.
Keywords： Kidney Vascularization Tissue engineering Biofabrication Organoids
Biodegradable Materials and the Tissue Engineering of Nerves
Xiaosong Gu
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages 1700-1703 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.10.011
Recent Progress in Cartilage Tissue Engineering—Our Experience and Future Directions
Yu Liu, Guangdong Zhou, Yilin Cao
Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages 28-35 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.01.010
Given the limited spontaneous repair that follows cartilage injury, demand is growing for tissue engineering approaches for cartilage regeneration. There are two major applications for tissue-engineered cartilage. One is in orthopedic surgery, in which the engineered cartilage is usually used to repair cartilage defects or loss in an articular joint or meniscus in order to restore the joint function. The other is for head and neck reconstruction, in which the engineered cartilage is usually applied to repair cartilage defects or loss in an auricle, trachea, nose, larynx, or eyelid. The challenges faced by the engineered cartilage for one application are quite different from those faced by the engineered cartilage for the other application. As a result, the emphases of the engineering strategies to generate cartilage are usually quite different for each application. The statuses of preclinical animal investigations and of the clinical translation of engineered cartilage are also at different levels for each application. The aim of this review is to provide an opinion piece on the challenges, current developments, and future directions for cartilage engineering for both applications.
Keywords： Cartilage tissue engineering Preclinical immunocompetent animal investigation Clinical translation Orthopedic surgery Head and neck reconstruction
Zizhuo Zheng, David Eglin, Mauro Alini, Geoff R. Richards, Ling Qin, Yuxiao Lai
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 7, Pages 966-978 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.05.021
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting based on traditional 3D printing is an emerging technology that is used to precisely assemble biocompatible materials and cells or bioactive factors into advanced tissue engineering solutions. Similar technology, particularly photo-cured bioprinting strategies, plays an important role in the field of tissue engineering research. The successful implementation of 3D bioprinting
is based on the properties of photopolymerized materials. Photocrosslinkable hydrogel is an attractive biomaterial that is polymerized rapidly and enables process control in space and time. Photopolymerization is frequently initiated by ultraviolet (UV) or visible light. However, UV light may cause cell damage and thereby, affect cell viability. Thus, visible light is considered to be more biocompatible than UV light for bioprinting. In this review, we provide an overview of photo curing-based bioprinting technologies, and describe a visible light crosslinkable bioink, including its crosslinking mechanisms, types of visible light initiator, and biomedical applications. We also discuss existing challenges and prospects of visible light-induced 3D bioprinting devices and hydrogels in biomedical areas.
Keywords： Medical additive manufacturing Bioink Tissue engineering 3D bioprinting
3D Bioprinting: A Novel Avenue for Manufacturing Tissues and Organs Review
Bin Zhang, Lei Gao, Liang Ma, Yichen Luo, Huayong Yang, Zhanfeng Cui
Engineering 2019, Volume 5, Issue 4, Pages 777-794 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.03.009
Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a rapidly growing technology that has been widely used in tissue engineering, disease studies, and drug screening. It provides the unprecedented capacity of depositing various types of biomaterials, cells, and biomolecules in a layer-by-layer fashion, with precisely controlled spatial distribution. This technology is expected to address the organ-shortage issue in the future. In this review, we first introduce three categories of 3D bioprinting strategies: inkjet-based printing (IBP), extrusion-based printing (EBP), and light-based printing (LBP). Biomaterials and cells, which are normally referred to as “bioinks,” are then discussed. We also systematically describe the recent advancements of 3D bioprinting in fabricating cell-laden artificial tissues and organs with solid or hollow structures, including cartilage, bone, skin, muscle, vascular network, and so on. The development of organs-on-chips utilizing 3D bioprinting technology for drug discovery and toxicity testing is reviewed as well. Finally, the main challenges in current studies and an outlook of the future research of 3D bioprinting are discussed.
Keywords： Three-dimensional bioprinting Solid tissues Hollow tissues Organs-on-chips Tissue engineering Drug screening
Machine Learning and Medical Devices: The Next Step for Tissue Engineering
Hannah A. Pearce,Antonios G. Mikos
Engineering 2021, Volume 7, Issue 12, Pages 1704-1706 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.014
Biocompatibility Pathways in Tissue-Engineering Templates Perspective
David F. Williams
Engineering 2018, Volume 4, Issue 2, Pages 286-290 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.03.007
Tissue engineering, which involves the creation of new tissue by the deliberate and controlled stimulation of selected target cells through a systematic combination of molecular and mechanical signals, usually involves the assistance of biomaterials-based structures to deliver these signals and to give shape to the resulting tissue mass. The specifications for these structures, which used to be described as scaffolds but are now more correctly termed templates, have rarely been defined, mainly because this is difficult to do. Primarily, however, these specifications must relate to the need to develop the right microenvironment for the cells to create new tissue and to the need for the interactions between the cells and the template material to be consistent with the demands of the new viable tissues. These features are encompassed by the phenomena that are collectively called biocompatibility. However, the theories and putative mechanisms of conventional biocompatibility (mostly conceived through experiences with implantable medical devices) are inadequate to describe phenomena in tissue-engineering processes. The present author has recently redefined biocompatibility in terms of specific materials- and biology-based pathways; this opinion paper places tissue-engineering biocompatibility mechanisms in the context of these pathways.
Keywords： Biomaterials Scaffolds Mechanotransduction Inflammation Topography
Design and 3D Printing of Scaffolds and Tissues Review
Jia An, Joanne Ee Mei Teoh, Ratima Suntornnond, Chee Kai Chua
Engineering 2015, Volume 1, Issue 2, Pages 261-268 doi: 10.15302/J-ENG-2015061
A growing number of three-dimensional (3D)-printing processes have been applied to tissue engineering. This paper presents a state-of-the-art study of 3D-printing technologies for tissue-engineering applications, with particular focus on the development of a computer-aided scaffold design system; the direct 3D printing of functionally graded scaffolds; the modeling of selective laser sintering (SLS) and fused deposition modeling (FDM) processes; the indirect additive manufacturing of scaffolds, with both micro and macro features; the development of a bioreactor; and 3D/4D bioprinting. Technological limitations will be discussed so as to highlight the possibility of future improvements for new 3D-printing methodologies for tissue engineering.
Keywords： rapid prototyping 3D printing additive manufacturing tissue engineering bioprinting
Application of Biomaterials in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration Review
Zhi Cui,Baofeng Yang,Ren-Ke Li
Engineering 2016, Volume 2, Issue 1, Pages 141-148 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2016.01.028
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death throughout the world. The demand for new therapeutic interventions is increasing. Although pharmacological and surgical interventions dramatically improve the quality of life of cardiovascular disease patients, cheaper and less invasive approaches are always preferable. Biomaterials, both natural and synthetic, exhibit great potential in cardiac repair and regeneration, either as a carrier for drug delivery or as an extracellular matrix substitute scaffold. In this review, we discuss the current treatment options for several cardiovascular diseases, as well as types of biomaterials that have been investigated as potential therapeutic interventions for said diseases. We especially highlight investigations into the possible use of conductive polymers for correcting ischemic heart disease-induced conduction abnormalities, and the generation of biological pacemakers to improve the conduction pathway in heart block.
Keywords： Myocardial infarction Heart regeneration Biomaterial Tissue engineering Stem cell
Gu Xiaosong: Special Introduction of Engineering Organization Engineering (2022-7-24)
27 Jul 2022
Keywords： 组织工程
Title Author Date Type Operation
Noncoding RNAs and Their Potential Therapeutic Applications in Tissue Engineering
Shiying Li, Tianmei Qian, Xinghui Wang, Jie Liu, Xiaosong Gu
Journal Article
3D Photo-Fabrication for Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery
Rúben F. Pereira, Paulo J. Bártolo
Journal Article
Leading Approaches to Vascularize Kidney Constructs in Tissue Engineering
Diana S. Lim, John D. Jackson, Anthony Atala, James J. Yoo
Journal Article
Recent Progress in Cartilage Tissue Engineering—Our Experience and Future Directions
Yu Liu, Guangdong Zhou, Yilin Cao
Journal Article
Visible Light-Induced 3D Bioprinting Technologies and Corresponding Bioink Materials for Tissue Engineering: A Review
Zizhuo Zheng, David Eglin, Mauro Alini, Geoff R. Richards, Ling Qin, Yuxiao Lai
Journal Article
3D Bioprinting: A Novel Avenue for Manufacturing Tissues and Organs
Bin Zhang, Lei Gao, Liang Ma, Yichen Luo, Huayong Yang, Zhanfeng Cui
Journal Article
Machine Learning and Medical Devices: The Next Step for Tissue Engineering
Hannah A. Pearce,Antonios G. Mikos
Journal Article
Design and 3D Printing of Scaffolds and Tissues
Jia An, Joanne Ee Mei Teoh, Ratima Suntornnond, Chee Kai Chua
Journal Article
Qin Ling: Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering based on Functional Hydrogels (2022-7-24)
27 Jul 2022
Conference Videos
Application of Biomaterials in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration
Zhi Cui,Baofeng Yang,Ren-Ke Li
Journal Article
Gu Xiaosong: Special Introduction of Engineering Organization Engineering (2022-7-24)
27 Jul 2022
Conference Videos
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