2025-01-01 , Volume 44 Issue 1

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    Editorial
  • A Letter from the Editors-in-Chief
    [Author(id=1162124180852368231, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994395837653705, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124180978197353, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994395837653705, authorId=1162124180852368231, language=EN, stringName=Zhou Ji, firstName=Zhou, middleName=null, lastName=Ji, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124181104026474, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994395837653705, authorId=1162124180852368231, language=CN, stringName=周济, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124181234049900, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994395837653705, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124181359879021, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994395837653705, authorId=1162124181234049900, language=EN, stringName=Raj Reddy, firstName=Raj, middleName=null, lastName=Reddy, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124181481513838, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994395837653705, authorId=1162124181234049900, language=CN, stringName=Raj Reddy, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Zhou Ji , Raj Reddy

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Views & Comments
  • Development Trends and Challenges of Additive Manufacturing Metamaterials
    [Author(id=1162124085012521382, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bosong@hust.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124085184487850, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, authorId=1162124085012521382, language=EN, stringName=Bo Song, firstName=Bo, middleName=null, lastName=Song, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=aState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124085318705581, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, authorId=1162124085012521382, language=CN, stringName=Bo Song, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=aState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124085444534704, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124085624889780, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, authorId=1162124085444534704, language=EN, stringName=Shaoji Zhang, firstName=Shaoji, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124085750718903, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, authorId=1162124085444534704, language=CN, stringName=Shaoji Zhang, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124085880742331, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124086094651841, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, authorId=1162124085880742331, language=EN, stringName=Lei Zhang, firstName=Lei, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
    bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124086224675268, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, authorId=1162124085880742331, language=CN, stringName=Lei Zhang, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
    bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124086505693640, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124086673465803, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, authorId=1162124086505693640, language=EN, stringName=Yusheng Shi, firstName=Yusheng, middleName=null, lastName=Shi, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124086807683535, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992110273323252, authorId=1162124086505693640, language=CN, stringName=Yusheng Shi, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aState Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Bo Song , Shaoji Zhang , Lei Zhang , Yusheng Shi

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • My Journey with Semiconductors
    [Author(id=1162123656002330727, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159986895587434770, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=kn_kim@samsung.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162123656128159849, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159986895587434770, authorId=1162123656002330727, language=EN, stringName=Kinam Kim, firstName=Kinam, middleName=null, lastName=Kim, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162123656253988972, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159986895587434770, authorId=1162123656002330727, language=CN, stringName=Kinam Kim, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Kinam Kim

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Immunotherapy: Navigating Challenges and Unlocking Opportunities
    [Author(id=1162124192042770511, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=w.xiang@latrobe.edu.au, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124192252485714, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, authorId=1162124192042770511, language=EN, stringName=Wei Xiang, firstName=Wei, middleName=null, lastName=Xiang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=aAustralian Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Innovation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
    bSchool of Computing, Engineering, and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124192378314838, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, authorId=1162124192042770511, language=CN, stringName=Wei Xiang, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=aAustralian Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Innovation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
    bSchool of Computing, Engineering, and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124192504143960, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124192713859163, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, authorId=1162124192504143960, language=EN, stringName=Lu Yu, firstName=Lu, middleName=null, lastName=Yu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aAustralian Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Innovation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
    bSchool of Computing, Engineering, and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124192843882591, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, authorId=1162124192504143960, language=CN, stringName=Lu Yu, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aAustralian Centre for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Innovation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
    bSchool of Computing, Engineering, and Mathematical Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124192973906017, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124193422696556, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, authorId=1162124192973906017, language=EN, stringName=Xiaoyuan Chen, firstName=Xiaoyuan, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, address=cDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
    dDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
    eDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
    fDepartment of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore
    gClinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
    hNanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
    iTheranostics Center of Excellence (TCE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138667, Singapore
    jInstitute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124193548525677, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, authorId=1162124192973906017, language=CN, stringName=Xiaoyuan Chen, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, address=cDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
    dDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
    eDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
    fDepartment of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117544, Singapore
    gClinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
    hNanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
    iTheranostics Center of Excellence (TCE), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138667, Singapore
    jInstitute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 138673, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124193674354799, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124193967956085, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, authorId=1162124193674354799, language=EN, stringName=Marco J. Herold, firstName=Marco J., middleName=null, lastName=Herold, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=k, l, m, n, address=kOlivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
    lSchool of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
    mThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
    nDepartment of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124194093785206, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994398790443723, authorId=1162124193674354799, language=CN, stringName=Marco J. Herold, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=k, l, m, n, address=kOlivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia
    lSchool of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
    mThe Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
    nDepartment of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Wei Xiang , Lu Yu , Xiaoyuan Chen , Marco J. Herold

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Challenges in the Large-Scale Deployment of CCUS
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    bSchool of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
    cCollege of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124185138946987, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994399360869068, authorId=1162124184769848223, language=CN, stringName=芮振华, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, *, address=aState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
    bSchool of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
    cCollege of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124185260581809, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994399360869068, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124185419965367, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994399360869068, authorId=1162124185260581809, language=EN, stringName=Lianbo Zeng, firstName=Lianbo, middleName=null, lastName=Zeng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124185545794489, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994399360869068, authorId=1162124185260581809, language=CN, stringName=曾联波, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aState Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124185667429309, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994399360869068, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=bdindoruk@uh.edu, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124185839395776, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994399360869068, authorId=1162124185667429309, language=EN, stringName=Birol Dindoruk, firstName=Birol, middleName=null, lastName=Dindoruk, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, *, address=dDepartment of Petroleum Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124185956836289, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994399360869068, authorId=1162124185667429309, language=CN, stringName=Birol Dindoruk, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, *, address=dDepartment of Petroleum Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Zhenhua Rui , Lianbo Zeng , Birol Dindoruk

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • The Present and Future of Smart Construction Technologies
    [Author(id=1162124225668505958, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994384840188615, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=mirek@umd.edu, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124225798529385, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994384840188615, authorId=1162124225668505958, language=EN, stringName=Mirosław J. Skibniewski, firstName=Mirosław J., middleName=null, lastName=Skibniewski, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124225924358507, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994384840188615, authorId=1162124225668505958, language=CN, stringName=Mirosław J. Skibniewski, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=null, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Mirosław J. Skibniewski

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • A Discussion on the Complexity and Transit Mechanisms of Urban Traffic Systems
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    Ziyou Gao , Bin Jia , Dongfan Xie , Wenxu Wang , Jianjun Wu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Research
  • Perspective
    Strategies and Advances in the Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Products
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    cCenter for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124191522676797, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159993716263936891, authorId=1162124191153578029, language=CN, stringName=Wen-Cai Ye, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, c, *, address=aState Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Natural Bioactive Molecules and Discovery of Innovative Drugs, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
    bGuangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macau Joint Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
    cCenter for Bioactive Natural Molecules and Innovative Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124191648505921, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159993716263936891, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=chect@uic.edu, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124191816278088, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159993716263936891, authorId=1162124191648505921, language=EN, stringName=Chun-Tao Che, firstName=Chun-Tao, middleName=null, lastName=Che, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, *, address=dDepartment of Pharmaceutical Science, Retzky College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124191937912909, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159993716263936891, authorId=1162124191648505921, language=CN, stringName=Chun-Tao Che, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, *, address=dDepartment of Pharmaceutical Science, Retzky College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Li-Jun Hu , Zhi-Zhang Duan , Ying Wang , Wen-Cai Ye , Chun-Tao Che

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Perspective
    Pro-Aging Metabolic Reprogramming: A Unified Theory of Aging
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    bCentral Laboratories, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162123890602336580, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159989660388745871, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yangbf@ems.hrbmu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162123890782691656, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159989660388745871, authorId=1162123890602336580, language=EN, stringName=Baofeng Yang, firstName=Baofeng, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, *, address=cState Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162123890912715083, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159989660388745871, authorId=1162123890602336580, language=CN, stringName=杨宝峰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, *, address=cState Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Diseases (SKLFZCD), Research Center for Innovative Technology of Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Zhiguo Wang , Baofeng Yang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Perspective
    Coupled Urban Risks: A Complex Systems Perspective with a People-Centric Focus
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tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994397519569610, authorId=1162124234262634944, language=EN, stringName=Stergios Aristoteles Mitoulis, firstName=Stergios Aristoteles, middleName=null, lastName=Mitoulis, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, *, address=dSchool of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124234573013444, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994397519569610, authorId=1162124234262634944, language=CN, stringName=Stergios Aristoteles Mitoulis, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=d, *, address=dSchool of Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, 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    Min Ouyang , Zekai Cheng , Jiaxin Ma , Hongwei Wang , Stergios Aristoteles Mitoulis

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Acoustofluidics at Audible Frequencies—A Review
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journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983817278677065, authorId=1162123484182667421, language=CN, stringName=Xianming Qin, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=f, address=fSchool of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162123484576932002, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983817278677065, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=seanwei@mail.xjtu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162123484774064293, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983817278677065, authorId=1162123484576932002, language=EN, stringName=Xueyong Wei, firstName=Xueyong, middleName=null, lastName=Wei, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=aSchool of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
    bState Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162123484891504806, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159983817278677065, authorId=1162123484576932002, language=CN, stringName=Xueyong Wei, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, *, address=aSchool of Instrument Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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    Chuanyu Zhang , Philippe Brunet , Shuo Liu , Xiaofeng Guo , Laurent Royon , Xianming Qin , Xueyong Wei

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Recent Advances in Intracortical Neural Interfaces for Freely Moving Animals: Technologies and Applications
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    Xinxia Cai , Zhaojie Xu , Jingquan Liu , Robert Wang , Yirong Wu

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Knowledge-Empowered, Collaborative, and Co-Evolving AI Models: The Post-LLM Roadmap
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stringName=Yunhe Pan, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=aCollege of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Fei Wu , Tao Shen , Thomas Bäck , Jingyuan Chen , Gang Huang , Yaochu Jin , Kun Kuang , Mengze Li , Cewu Lu , Jiaxu Miao , Yongwei Wang , Ying Wei , Fan Wu , Junchi Yan , Hongxia Yang , Yi Yang , Shengyu Zhang , Zhou Zhao , Yueting Zhuang , Yunhe Pan

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Intelligent Covert Communication: Recent Advances and Future Research Trends
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Quek, firstName=Tony Q.S., middleName=null, lastName=Quek, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=cInformation System Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124171851391732, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159993810262483908, authorId=1162124171566179046, language=CN, stringName=Tony Q.S. Quek, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=c, address=cInformation System Technology and Design Pillar, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore 487372, Singapore, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Zan Li , Jia Shi , Jiangbo Si , Lu Lv , Lei Guan , Benjian Hao , Zhuangzhuang Tie , Danyang Wang , Chengwen Xing , Tony Q.S. Quek

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Organ Preservation: History, Advancements, and Perspectives
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    bState Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300072, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124272812483440, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994465416962856, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=lei_zhang@tju.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124273059947384, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994465416962856, authorId=1162124272812483440, language=EN, stringName=Lei Zhang, firstName=Lei, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, d, *, address=aDepartment of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    bState Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300072, China
    dHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transfonnations, Tianjin 300192, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124273181582203, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994465416962856, authorId=1162124272812483440, language=CN, stringName=张雷, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, d, *, address=aDepartment of Biochemical Engineering, Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
    bState Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300072, China
    dHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transfonnations, Tianjin 300192, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Xinmeng Liu , Zhiquan Shu , Liming Zhang , Haoyue Li , Jing Yang , Lei Zhang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Mixing Intensification for Advanced Materials Manufacturing
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    dResearch Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124252826624687, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994442297959150, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124253023756978, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994442297959150, authorId=1162124252826624687, language=EN, stringName=Xiaoxia Duan, firstName=Xiaoxia, middleName=null, lastName=Duan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, c, address=aState Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering & Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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    Chao Yang , Guang-Wen Chu , Xin Feng , Yan-Bin Li , Jie Chen , Dan Wang , Xiaoxia Duan , Jian-Feng Chen

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Metamaterials: The Art in Materials Science
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    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Challenges, Progress, and Prospects of Ultra-Long Deep Tunnels in the Extremely Complex Environment of the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau
    [Author(id=1162123844347552710, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159988311479607297, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162123844485964744, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159988311479607297, authorId=1162123844347552710, language=EN, stringName=Yong Zhao, firstName=Yong, middleName=null, lastName=Zhao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aTibet Railway Construction Corporation, Lhasa 850000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162123844595016649, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159988311479607297, authorId=1162123844347552710, language=CN, stringName=赵勇, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aTibet Railway Construction Corporation, Lhasa 850000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162123844699874251, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159988311479607297, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=du_yanliang@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162123844876035022, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159988311479607297, authorId=1162123844699874251, language=EN, stringName=Yanliang Du, firstName=Yanliang, middleName=null, lastName=Du, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, c, *, address=bNational Key Laboratory of Green and Long-Life Road Engineering in Extreme Environment, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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    Yong Zhao , Yanliang Du , Qixiang Yan

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Digital Twin Enabling Technologies for Advancing Road Engineering and Lifecycle Applications
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stringName=Lei Ni, firstName=Lei, middleName=null, lastName=Ni, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=aKey Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124260812579577, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994515777970236, authorId=1162124260527366902, language=CN, stringName=倪磊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, *, address=aKey Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124260934214395, tenantId=1045748351789510663, 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authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=bSchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124261647246083, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994515777970236, authorId=1162124261353644800, language=CN, stringName=王迎, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=b, address=bSchool of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124261768880901, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994515777970236, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124261932458759, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994515777970236, authorId=1162124261768880901, language=EN, stringName=Jianing Zhou, firstName=Jianing, middleName=null, lastName=Zhou, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aKey Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124262054093576, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994515777970236, authorId=1162124261768880901, language=CN, stringName=周家宁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, address=aKey Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)] Yu Yan , Lei Ni , Lijun Sun , Ying Wang , Jianing Zhou

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    China Can Achieve Carbon Neutrality in Line with the Paris Agreement’s 2 °C Target: Navigating Global Emissions Scenarios, Warming Levels, and Extreme Event Projections
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    bState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Monitoring and Assessment Center for Greenhouse Gases and Carbon Neutrality, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124123960827988, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992728945746675, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124124166348887, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992728945746675, authorId=1162124123960827988, language=EN, stringName=Lifeng Guo, firstName=Lifeng, middleName=null, lastName=Guo, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aHenan University and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Joint Laboratory for Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality, Zhengzhou 450000, China
    bState Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Monitoring and Assessment Center for Greenhouse Gases and Carbon Neutrality, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124124300566616, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159992728945746675, authorId=1162124123960827988, language=CN, stringName=Lifeng Guo, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=a, b, address=aHenan University and Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences Joint Laboratory for Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality, Zhengzhou 450000, China
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    Xiaoye Zhang , Junting Zhong , Xiliang Zhang , Da Zhang , Changhong Miao , Deying Wang , Lifeng Guo

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Interactions Among Food Systems, Climate Change, and Air Pollution: A Review
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    eState Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null), Author(id=1162124251429921431, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994420068147929, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=qiangzhang@tsinghua.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1162124251597693597, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994420068147929, authorId=1162124251429921431, language=EN, stringName=Qiang Zhang, firstName=Qiang, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=f, *, address=fMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1162124251723522719, tenantId=1045748351789510663, journalId=1155139928190095384, articleId=1159994420068147929, authorId=1162124251429921431, language=CN, stringName=Qiang Zhang, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=f, *, address=fMinistry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=null)]
    Chaopeng Hong , Rui Zhong , Mengyao Xu , Peidong He , Huibin Mo , Yue Qin , Danna Shi , Xinlei Chen , Kebin He , Qiang Zhang

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Exploring the Impacts of Elevated CO2 on Food Security: Nutrient Assimilation, Plant Growth, and Crop Quality
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    Felix D. Dakora , Huihui Li , Jun Zhao

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Revolutionizing Crop Breeding: Next-Generation Artificial Intelligence and Big Data-Driven Intelligent Design
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    Ying Zhang , Guanmin Huang , Yanxin Zhao , Xianju Lu , Yanru Wang , Chuanyu Wang , Xinyu Guo , Chunjiang Zhao

    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.

  • Review
    Astrocytic G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Drug Addiction
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    Nowadays, there has been a growing trend in the field of high-energy physics (HEP), in both its experimental and phenomenological studies, to incorporate machine learning (ML) and its specialized branch, deep learning (DL). This review paper provides a thorough illustration of these applications using different ML and DL approaches. The first part of the paper examines the basics of various particle physics types and establishes guidelines for assessing particle physics alongside the available learning models. Next, a detailed classification is provided for representing Jets that are reconstructed in high-energy collisions, mainly in proton-proton collisions at well-defined beam energies. This section covers various datasets, preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction and selection methods. The presented techniques can be applied to future hadron−hadron colliders (HHC), such as the high-luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) and the future circular collider−hadron−hadron (FCC-hh). The authors then explore several AI techniques analyses designed specifically for both image and point-cloud (PC) data in HEP. Additionally, a closer look is taken at the classification associated with Jet tagging in hadron collisions. In this review, various state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in ML and DL are examined, with a focus on their implications for HEP demands. More precisely, this discussion addresses various applications in extensive detail, such as Jet tagging, Jet tracking, and particle classification. The review concludes with an analysis of the current state of HEP using DL methodologies. It highlights the challenges and potential areas for future research, which are illustrated for each application.